GUERE2A 



Guereza (Colobus). Group of 

 African monkeys, notable for the 

 fact that the thumb is either absent 

 or rudimentary. They include 

 about 12 species, but are little 

 known, as they live in the tops of 

 the forest trees and seldom survive 

 captivity. Most of them are 

 black and white, and have long 

 silky hair valued in the fur trade. 

 See Colobus ; Monkey. * 



Guericke, OTTO VON (1602-86). 

 German scientist. Born at Magde- 

 burg, he studied at several German 

 universities, also at Leiden. He 

 held a public position at Erfurt, 

 and was for many years burgo- 

 master of Magdeburg. He left Mag- 

 deburg in 1681, and died at Ham- 

 burg, May 11, 1686. Guericke is 

 best known as the inventor of the 

 air pump. He also invented the 

 manometer, and discovered that 

 two bodies, equally charged with 

 electricity, will repel one another. 

 Guerin, EUGENIE DE (1805-48). 

 French writer. She was born at 

 Albi, Tarn, sister of the poet 

 Maurice de Guerin (1810-39), to 

 whom she was devotedly attached. 

 Her Journal et Lettres, published 

 in 1862, Eng. trans. 1865, reveals 

 her as a woman of notable char- 

 acter, a mystic and a strong Catho- 

 lic. See Maurice and Eugenie de 

 Guerin, H. Parr, 1870. 



Guernsey. One of the Channel 

 Islands. Second only in size to 

 Jersey, it is about 9 m. long and 

 5 m. broad, and 

 has an area of 24 

 sq. m. St. Peter 

 Port, the capital, 

 on the S.E. coast, 

 and St. Sampson's 

 are the only places 

 of any size, the 

 others being small 

 fishing and in- 

 Guernsey arms i an d villages. 

 Fort George is a military station. 

 From St. Peter Port regular com- 

 munication is maintained with 

 Southampton, Weymouth, Ply- 

 mouth, London, and various ports 

 in France. 



Much of the land is divided into 

 small holdings, and some cereals 

 are grown. The Guernsey breed 

 of cattle is famous. Granite is 

 quarried and fishing is an indus- 

 try. But the chief industry is mar- 

 ket gardening, large quantities of 

 potatoes, grapes, flowers, tomatoes, 

 etc., grown chiefly under glass, 

 being produced, mainly for the 

 English market. 



A picturesque island, especially 

 in the S., where the rugged coast is 

 broken by numerous bays, Guern- 

 sey is a favourite holiday resort. 

 There are numerous prehistoric re- 

 mains, and notable buildings of 

 later date include Castle Cornet, a 



3729 



GUERRILLA WARFARE 



Guernsey. St. Peter Port, capital of the second in size oJ the Channel Islands 



fortress begun in the 13th century, 

 and old churches at St. Samp- 

 son's, St. Martin, Vale, and Catel. 

 Domestic architecture includes 

 some picturesque manor houses. 



The bailiwick of Guernsey in- 

 cludes Alderney, Sark, Herm, and 

 other smaller islands. Guernsey is 

 governed by an assembly called the 

 States and another known as the 

 royal court. The chief officials are 

 the lieutenant-governor and the 

 bailiff, an attorney -general, solici- 

 tor-general, and a receiver-general, 

 all appointed by the crown. The 

 island, which is divided into 10 

 parishes, is in the diocese of Win- 

 chester, and the dean is the chief 

 ecclesiastic. At St. Peter Port is 

 Elizabeth College, a public school. 

 English money is the only legal 

 currency. 



Guernsey sent two companies 

 of volunteers to the R. Irish 

 Regt. and R. Irish Fus. A bat- 

 talion of Guernsey men, the 1st 

 Batt. R. Guernsey Light Infantry 

 (29th Div.), did gallant service on 

 April 12, 1918, N. of Merville. 

 Pop. (with Herm and Jethou), 

 41,900. 



Guernsey Lily (Nerlne sar- 

 niensis). Bulbous herb of the 

 natural order Amaryllidaceae, a 

 native of S. Africa. The strap- 

 shaped leaves appear later than the 

 flowers, which are lily-like, salmon- 

 coloured, and form a large cluster at 

 the top of a stout flower-stem. 



Guerrazzi, FRANCESCO DOMEN- 

 ico (1804-73). Italian author and 

 politician. Born at Leghorn, Aug. 

 12, 1804, he studied law at Pisa, but 

 .early turned to literature and poh\ 

 tics. His first historical novel, The 

 Battle of Benevento, 1827, estab- 

 lished his reputation. A political 

 agitator, he was often imprisoned, 

 and while in prison wrote his prin- 

 cipal work, The Siege of Florence, 

 1836. He also wrote the novels 

 Isabella Orsini, 1844, and Beatrice 

 Cenci, 1854. He sat in the Turin 

 parliament, 1862-65, and died 

 Sept. 23, 1873. See his Letters, 



ed. G. Carducci, 1880-82, by F. 

 Martini, 1891. Pron. Gwerratsi. 



Guerrero. S.W. state of Mexico, 

 bordering the Pacific. Situated on 

 the declivity of the Anahuac 

 plateau, it is extremely moun- 

 tainous, the greater part of its 

 surface being covered by the 

 Sierra Madre. The valleys of the 

 Rio de las Balsas, or Rio Mexcala, 

 and the smaller streams produce 

 cereals, coffee, cotton, tobacco, 

 and other crops. The mineral 

 wealth is extensive. The capital 

 is Chilpcingo, and the seaport 

 Acapulco. Area, 25,279 sq. m. 

 Pop. 620,416. 



Guerrilla Warfare (Span, guer- 

 rilla, little war). Hostile operations 

 of inhabitants who take up arms 

 to defend their homes, and harass 

 the professional army of an in- 

 vader. During the French occupa- 

 tion of Spain, in the time of Napo- 

 leon, the guerrilla system was 

 brought to a condition of per- 

 fection. 



Guerrillas recognize no laws or 

 customs of war ; they present no 

 target for a large disciplined force 

 to conquer in battle ; living from 

 hand to mouth, they are indepen- 

 dent of transport, and collect and 

 disperse rapidly. The S. African 

 War of 1899-1902 was prolonged 

 by the operations of guerrillas 

 after the Boer armies had been 



Guer 



ernsey Lily. Flower-head, leaves, 

 and bulb of the African herb 



K 5 



