HALDANE 



3786 



In 1912 Haldane was sent by the 

 Cabinet to inquire into the gravity 

 of the German menace, and to 

 discuss the possibilities of an 

 amicable understanding. . He re- 

 turned home full of misgiving, and 

 imparted his fears to his chief 

 colleagues, but uttered no word of 

 warning to the public. This told 

 heavily against him in popular 

 opinion, although it is difficult to 

 see what more he could have done 

 without endangering the world's 

 peace by public speeches, and it is 

 certain that he did much to make 

 the expeditionary force efficient for 

 the ordeal of 1914. Pron. Halldane. 

 Haldane, JAMES ALEXANDER 

 (1768-1851). Scottish preacher. 

 Born at Dundee, July 14, 1768, 

 and educated 

 at Dundee 

 Grammar 

 School and 

 Edinburgh 

 University, he 

 made four 

 voyages to the 

 East as a mid- 

 shipman, set- 

 tled in Edin- 



in 179 . 4 > 

 made a series 

 of evangelistic 

 tours in 1797, and in that year 

 founded at Edinburgh the Society 

 for Propagating the Gospel at 

 Home. Leaving the Church of 

 Scotland, he founded and became 

 pastor of the first Congregational 

 church in Scotland, taking no 

 salary and devoting the income to 

 his society. In 1808 he joined the 

 Baptists, and from that time was 

 engaged in many theological con- 

 troversies. His numerous writings 

 include The Duty of Christian For- 

 bearance in Regard to Points of 

 Church Order, 1811. He was as- 

 sisted in his work by his brother 

 Robert, and died at Edinburgh, 

 Feb. 8, 1851. See Lives of Robert 

 and James Alexander Haldane, A. 

 Haldane, 1852. 



Haldane, SIR JAMES AYLMEH 

 LOWTHROP (b. 1862). British 

 soldier. Born Nov. 17, 1862, the 

 son of a doc- 

 tor, he was 

 educated a t 

 Edinburgh 

 Academy. 

 From Sand- 

 fa u rs t he 

 passed into 

 the Gordon 

 Highlanders in 

 1882, and Sir James Haldane, 

 served on the British soldier 

 Indian frontier Busicl1 



between 1894-98, winning the 

 D.S.O. in the Tirah campaign. 

 He was with the Gordons in the 

 earlier part of the S. African War, 



being severely wounded at Elands- 

 laagte, and escaping from Pretoria 

 in 1900. 



Having been on the intelligence 

 staff at headquarters in England, 

 he was sent to watch the operations 

 of the Russo-Japanese War, and on 

 his return was again at the War 

 Office as a general staff officer. In 

 1912 he took command of the 10th 

 brigade, and in 1914 he took this 

 to France, leading it in the early 

 days of the Great War. In Nov. he 

 succeeded to the 3rd division, and 

 in 1917 took command of the 6th 

 corps, which was under him dur- 

 ing the German offensive of 1918. 

 In Feb., 1920, he was appointed 

 to command the British troops 

 in Mesopotamia. Haldane was 

 knighted in 1918. He published 

 A Brigade of the Old Army, 1920. 

 Hale. Urban dist. of Cheshire, 

 England. It is 1 m. S.E. of 

 Al trine ham, on the Cheshire Lines 

 Rly. It is in the Manchester area, 

 being practically a residential 

 suburb of that city. Gas and elec- 

 tric light are supplied by com- 

 panies, and water, hitherto ob- 

 tained from a company, will, 

 under the Manchester Corporation 

 Act of 1919, be supplied direct by 

 that authority. There are other 

 places of this name in England. 

 One is a village on the Mersey, 10 

 m. from Liverpool, with Hale 

 Head, on which is a fixed light. 

 Another is a village near Farnham, 

 Surrey, and a third is near Ford- 

 ingbridge, in Hampshire. 



Hale, EDWARD EVERETT (1822- 

 1909). American author. Born at 

 Boston, Massachusetts, April 3, 

 1822, he was 

 educated a t 

 Harvard. He 

 held various 

 pastorates, and 

 was founder 

 and editor of 

 Old and New, 

 a magazine 

 finally merged 

 i n Scribner's 

 Monthly. His 

 Ten Times One is Ten, 1870, con- 

 tributed to the establishment of 

 many charitable clubs. But he is 

 best known as the author of The 

 Man without a Country, a story 

 which, appearing anonymously in 

 The Atlantic Monthly in 18'63, did 

 much to maintain a spirit of loyalty 

 to the union. 



Hale, GEORGE ELLERY (b. 1868). 

 American astronomer. Born at 

 Chicago, June 29, 1868, he was 

 educated at the Massachusetts In- 

 stitute of Technology, and at the 

 universities of Harvard and Berlin. 

 Having devoted himself to the 

 study of astronomy, he became in 

 1890 director of the Kenwood as- 



trophysical observatory. From 

 1891-93 he was professor of astro- 

 physics at Beloit College. From 

 1893-97 associate professor of 

 astrophysics in the university of 

 Chicago, in 1897 he was promoted 

 professor, while from 1895 to 1905 

 he was director of the Yerkes ob- 

 servatory. In 1904 he was made 

 director of the solar observatory 

 of the Carnegie Institution at Mt. 

 Wilson, California. Hale ranks 

 high among the American astrono- 

 mers, a fact recognized by nu- 

 merous academic honours. He in- 

 vented the spectroheliograph, was 

 joint editor of Astronomy and 

 Astrophysics, and editor of The 

 Astrophysical Journal. 



Hale, JOHN PARKER (1806-73). 

 American statesman. Born at 

 Rochester, New Hampshire, March 

 31, 1806, he was admitted to the 

 bar in 1830. From 1834-41 he was 

 district attorney for his state. In 

 1842 he entered Congress as a 

 democrat and soon showed strong 

 anti-slavery principles, which met 

 with violent opposition from his 

 constituents, but by a vigorous | 

 campaign, known as the Hale 

 Storm of 1845, he won New Hamp- 

 shire to his cause. In 1847 he 

 entered the Senate and with 

 Chase, Seward, and Sumner or- 

 ganized a weighty opposition to 

 the cause of slavery. In 1847 and 

 in 1852 he was nominated for the 

 presidency, but withdrew in favour 

 of Van Buren in the former year, 

 and was defeated in the latter. A 

 staunch supporter of Lincoln, he 

 served in the Senate until 1865, 

 when he retired and became 

 minister to Spain. There he re- 

 mained until 1869. He died on 

 Nov. 19, 1873, at Dover, New 

 Hampshire. 



Hale, SIR MATTHEW (1609-76). 

 English lawyer. Born Nov. 1, 1609, 

 at Alderley, Gloucestershire, he 

 was the son of 

 a lawyer. He 

 was educated 

 a t Magdalen 

 Hall, Oxford, 

 and after 

 studying for 

 the Church 

 turned to the 

 aw. In 1637 



Sir Matthew Hale, , no became a 

 English lawyer barrister and 



From a portrait in Was SOOn en- 



Lincoin's inn gaged in some 



of the great cases of the time, 

 appearing, for instance, on behalf 

 of Laud. Never a partisan, he ac- 

 cepted the dominance of the parlia- 

 mentarians, and his prosperity con- 

 tinued after the death of Charles I ; 

 in 1653 he was made a judge, the 

 first appointed by Cromwell, and 

 in 1655 was elected to Parliament. 



