HALIFAX 



3793 



HALL 



Two unsuccessful attempts were 

 made by the Tories to impeach 

 him. He was employed once or 

 twice on public affairs during 

 Anne's reign, but political office 

 only came again when Georgo I 

 became king. In 1714 he was made 

 first lord of the treasury and 

 created earl of Halifax, but he had 

 only been in office a few months 

 when he died, May 19, 1715. He 

 left no children. Halifax loved the 

 society of men of letters, who were 

 entertained and rewarded by him ; 

 among his friends were Addison, 

 Pope, and Prior, with the last of 

 whom he collaborated in a parody 

 of The Hind and the Panther. 



Halifax, GEORGE MONTAGU 

 DUNK, 2ND EARL OF (1716-71). 

 British politician. Thesonof George 

 Montagu, earl 

 of Halifax, he 

 was born in 

 Oct., 1716, and 

 educated at 

 Eton and 

 Trinity Col- 

 lege, Cam- 

 bridge, suc- 

 ceeding to the 

 earldom in 

 1739. He as- 

 sumed the name of Dunk on his 

 marriage to the heiress, though not 

 the daughter, of Sir Thomas Dunk. 

 Halifax was in political life from 

 1748 to 1771. He was in turn 

 president of the board of trade and 

 plantations, lord lieutenant of Ire- 

 land, and first lord of the admir- 

 alty ; in 1762 he was made secre- 

 tary of state, and later lord privy 

 seal, serving in the ministries of 

 Bute, Grenville, and North. He 

 died June 8, 1771, leaving no son. 

 Halifax, CHARLES WOOD, IST 

 VISCOUNT (1800-85). British 

 statesman. Born Dec. 20, 1800, he 

 was the eldest 

 son of Sir F. L. 

 Wood, a York- 

 shire baronet 

 and land- 

 owner, whom 

 h e succeeded 

 in the baron- 

 etcy in 1846. 

 He was edu- 

 cated at Eton 

 and Oriel Col- 

 lege, Oxford, and 



2nd Earl of Halifax, 

 British politician 



1st Viscount Halifax, 

 British statesman 



i~ fe ~, ^.^^,^ larried a daughter 



of Charles, 2nd Earl Grey. Having 

 entered Parliament as a Whig, from 

 1832-34 he was joint secretary to 

 the treasury, and from 1835-39 

 secretary to the admiralty. In 1846 

 lie took office as chancellor of the 

 exchequer, remaining there until 

 transferred to the presidency of the 

 board of control in 1852. 



He was first lord of the admiralty, 

 1855-58, and secretary for India, 

 1859-66, seven very difficult years. 



In 1866 he left office and was 

 created Viscount Halifax, having 

 represented that town in Parlia- 

 ment, 1832-66. In 1870 he became 

 lord privy seal, and when he left 

 office with the Liberals in 1874 his 

 long official life ended. He died at 

 Hickletori, Yorkshire, Aug. 8, 1885. 

 Halifax, CHARLES LINDLEY 

 WOOD, 2ND VISCOUNT (b. 1839). 

 English churchman. Born in Lon- 

 don, June 7, 

 1839, the son of 

 Charles Wood, 

 1st viscount, 

 and educated 

 J|| at Eton and 

 PM*. I I Christ Church, 

 I Oxford, he suc- 

 I ceeded to the 

 HJjJlHHgsBEi i peerage in 

 Charles L. Wood, 1885. From 

 2nd Viscount Halifax, 1 862-70 he was 



Lafayette groOHl of the 



bedchamber to the prince of Wales, 

 and in 1886 became an ecclesi- 

 astical commissioner. For 50 years 

 he was a recognized leader of the 

 High Church party, and from 1867- 

 1919 was president of the English 

 Church Union. 



A Liberal Unionist in politics, he 

 was conspicuous for his opposition 

 to disestablishment and divorce 

 laws and for his championship 

 of the interests of the Established 

 Church. 



Halkett, HUGH HALKETT, BARON 

 VON (1783-1863). British soldier. 

 The son of a soldier, he was born at 

 Musselburgh, Aug. 30, 1783. He 

 entered the army and first saw 

 service in India. In 1803 he took a 

 commission under his brother 

 Colin in the German legion, a body 

 of Germans in the pay and service 

 of England. He served with this 

 in several campaigns in Germany 

 and the Netherlands^ and went 

 with it to Portugal in 1808. There 

 he won fame at Albuera and other 

 battles. For the rest of his life 

 Halkett was an officer of the 

 Hanoverian army. He was made a 

 noble and appointed inspector- 

 general of infantry. He led some 

 Hanover i a n s 

 at Waterloo 

 and had a high 

 command in 

 the war of 1848 

 against the 

 Danes. He 

 died at Han- 

 over, July 26, 

 1863. H i s 

 brother, S i r Baron Halkett, 

 Colin Halkett British soldier 

 (1774-1856), was first in the service 

 of Holland. Later he commanded 

 a battalion of the German legion 

 in the Peninsular War, and led a 

 brigade at Waterloo, when he was 

 wounded. 



Hall. Word used originally for 

 a large room. It was specially 

 applied to the room in which kings 

 and others in authority received 

 suppliants, hence the phrase, the 

 hall of justice. The same room was 

 also used for feasts and ceremonies 

 and in castles and other large resi- 

 dences as a dining-room for the 

 household, a use which persists in 

 the halls of colleges, public schools, 

 and similar institutions. It was also 

 given to the place where the 

 burgesses of a town or the 

 members of a guild met, hence 

 comes the town hall and the guild- 

 hall. A further use, arising out of 

 the first, was for a manor house. 

 This was the hall in which justice 

 was dispensed, and so in time the 

 house itself became known as the 

 hall. The large residence in many 

 English villages is consequently 

 known as the hall. Notable halls, 

 using the word for a room, are 

 Westminster Hall, the hall of the 

 Middle Temple, the hall of Christ 

 Church, Oxford, the halls of several 

 of the London livery companies, 

 and the banqueting hall, Whitehall. 



A hall of fame is a building 

 erected for the purpose of com- 

 memorating great men. One such 

 hall is part .of the buildings of New 

 York University. Finished in 1900, 

 it consists of a colonnade, 500 ft 

 long, with a hall and rooms for the 

 reception of portraits and memen- 

 toes of the chosen. The colonnade 

 has 150 panels on which the names 

 of the famous dead can be recorded. 

 Each must be a citizen of the 

 U.S.A., and must have been dead 

 for at least ten years. The method 

 of selection is by a board of 100 

 selectors, men of standing as 

 scholars and writers. Up to Nov., 

 1920, five elections had taken place 

 and 63 names admitted. 



Hall. Town of Austria, in 

 Tirol, 5 m. E.N.E. of Innsbruck. 

 Situated on the Inn, at a height of 

 1,895 ft., it was a place of some 

 importance in medieval times by 

 reason of the salt mines of the 

 Haller Salzberg, 9 m. to the N., 

 which are still worked. The chief 

 buildings are the 13th century 

 parish church, and the old town 

 hall (15th century). Chemicals, 

 felt, buttons, etc., are manufac- 

 tured. Pop. 7,520. 



Hall OR SCHWABISCH-HALL. 

 Town of Germany, in Wiirttemberg. 

 It lies in the deep valley of the 

 Kocher on both banks of the river, 

 35 m. N.E. of Stuttgart, and still 

 retains an old-world appearance. 

 There are two important churches, 

 S. Catharine and S. Michael, both 

 15th century Gothic, the latter 

 having replaced a Romanesque 

 building. The fountain in the mar- 

 ket place with sculptures dates 



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