HARINGTON 



3843 



HARLECH 



Sir Chas. Harington, 

 British soldier 



Harington, SIR CHARLES HAR- 

 INGTON (b. 1872). British soldier. 

 Born at Chichester, May 31, 1872, 

 he was edu- 

 c a t e d at 

 C h e 1 1 e nham 

 and Sand- 

 hurst, and 

 entered the 

 army, King's 

 (Liverpool) 

 Regt., in Jan., 

 1892. He 

 served on the 

 staff in the S. 

 RUMH African War, 



when he won the D.S.O. From 

 1903-7 he was an officer at the 

 Royal Military College ; and in 

 April-Nov., 1909, was specially em- 

 ployed at the War Office. From 

 1911-13 Harington was brigade 

 maj or, of the 6th brigade, Aldershot. 

 During the Great War he was 

 brigadier-general on the general 

 staff, 1915-16, and later chief of 

 staff to General Plumer. When the 

 latter went to Italy, Oct., 1917, 

 Harington accompanied him as 

 chief of the general staff of the 

 British forces. He was appointed 

 deputy chief of the Imperial 

 General Staff. War Office, in April, 

 1918. In Sept., 1920, he was ap- 

 pointed G.O.C. thft army of the 

 Black Sea, and in 1923 the North- 

 ern command. He was knighted in 

 Jan., 1919, and was promoted 

 lieut. -general in Sept., 1920 

 Harington OR HARRINGTON, 



English writer. 

 Northampton- 



James Harington, 

 English writer 



From a print 



JAMES (1611-77). 

 Born at Upton, 

 shire, Jan. 7, r , 

 1611, and edu- j 

 cated at I 

 Trinity Col- I 

 lege, Oxford, f| 

 he passed some 

 time abroad, 

 examining 

 different forms 

 of government, 

 especially that 

 of Venice. He 

 became a 

 gentleman of the bedchamber to 

 Charles I, and in 1646, although 

 holding republican views, he was 

 again attached to the king, then 

 in captivity. They had discus- 

 sions on politics, but Harington, 

 having failed to arrange terms 

 between Charles and his foes, lost 

 his position. He lived quietly 

 under the Commonwealth, but in 

 1661 was imprisoned for a short 

 time. His last years were clouded 

 by mental trouble, and he died in 

 London, Sept. 11, 1677. His body 

 was buried in S. Margaret's, West- 

 minster. 



Harington is known solely by 

 his one book Oceana. Published 

 in 1656, and dedicated to Crom- 



Henry Harland, 

 American novelist 



well, it is a treatise on govern- 

 ment, England being Oceana, and 

 shows its author as the most 

 original political thinker of his 

 time. According to his teaching, 

 the vital principles in an ideal 

 system of government are a bal- 

 ance of forces, material and in- 

 tellectual, and a rotation of offices. 

 In some ways he anticipated ideas 

 that were not translated into 

 action until the 19th century. He 

 advocated compulsory education 

 and voting by ballot, put forward 

 plans for breaking up great landed 

 estates, and was a believer in com- 

 plete religious liberty. His ideas 

 attracted a good deal of attention, 

 and in 1659 a debating society 

 called the Rota Club was founded 

 to discuss them. See Oceana, ed. 

 H. Morley, 1887. 



Harington, SIR JOHN (1561- 

 1612). English writer. He was 

 born at Kelston, Somerset, and 



Queen Eliza- 

 beth became 



his godmother, 



his parents 



having suf- 



f e r e d i m- 



prisonment for 



their loyalty 



to her in 1 554 . 



He was edu- 



Sir John Harington, cated at Eton 

 English writer and c a m . 

 Aftcrj.Thur.ton bridge, and 

 studied law at Lincoln's Inn. His 

 wit and liveliness made him a 

 favourite at court. In 1591 he 

 published a translation of Ariosto's 

 Orlando Furioso with a prefatory 

 Apologie of Poetrie. Later he 

 issued a number of satires of a 

 somewhat free character, and 

 aroused the queen's anger by a 

 supposed reference to the earl of 

 Leicester. Having been forgiven, 

 he went to Ireland in 1599 with 

 Essex, by whom he was knighted. 

 When the queen was nearing her 

 end, he wrote A Tract on the Suc- 

 cession to the Crown, in favour of 

 James of Scotland (publ. 1880), 

 and in 1605, with a view to be- 

 coming chancellor of Ireland, he 

 wrote A Short 

 View of the State 

 of Ireland (publ. 

 1879). He died at 

 Kelston, Nov. 20, 

 1612. His letters 

 and miscellanies, 

 brought together 

 in Nugae Anti- 

 quae, 1769, throw 

 much li g h t on 

 Elizabethan times. 



Hariri, ABU 



MOHAMMED AL- 

 QASIM AL (1054- 



1122). Arabic 



grammarian and Harlecb, Merionethshire. The castle, famous in W 



poet. He was born and died at 

 Basra on the Tigris. Author of 

 several grammatical treatises, of 

 which two are extant, his most 

 famous work is his Maqamat 

 (Assemblies or Lectures), a collec- 

 tion of 50 rhymed tales composed 

 at the suggestion of a distinguished 

 Persian statesman. The hero of 

 them is Abu Seid, a disreputable 

 but fascinating scamp, full of 

 genius and learning, who was 

 driven into exile and poverty 

 when the Crusaders took his native 

 town. There are Eng. trans, by 

 T. Preston, 1850, and T. Chenery, 

 1867. 



Harland, HENRY (1861-1905). 

 American novelist. Born at St. 

 Petersburg, March 1, 1861, he 

 spent most of 

 his later years 

 in London, 

 and died in 

 Italy at San 

 R e m o, Dec. 

 20, 1905. His 

 early books 

 were realistic 

 studies of 

 American Jew- 

 ish life written 



under the pseudonym of Sidney 

 Luska. He then became known 

 in Great Britain as editor of The 

 Yellow Book and as author of 

 three volumes of short stories, 

 Grey Roses, 1895, and Comedies 

 and Errors, 1898 ; Mademoiselle 

 Miss, 1903 ; and of three novels, 

 The Cardinal's Snuff Box, 1900, 

 The Lady Paramount, 1902, and 

 My Friend Prospero, 1904. His 

 later work won for him a deserved 

 reputation as a stylist. 



Harlaw. Spot in Aberdeenshire, 

 famous for the encounter here in 

 1411. It stands near the river Ury, 

 2 m. N.W. of Inverurie. Donald, 

 lord of the isles, collected his High- 

 landers to take possession of the 

 earldom of Ross. He was met by 

 troops under the earl of Mar,, and 

 his force was completely crushed. 



Harlech. Town of Merioneth- 

 shire, Wales. It is 10 m. from 

 Barmouth, on the Cambrian Rly., 



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