HARTINGTON 



3859 



HARTLEY 



Hartington, MARQUESS OF. 

 English title borne by the eldest 

 son of the duke of Devonshire. It- 

 is best known as the name of the 

 Liberal statesman who became duke 

 of Devonshire in 1891. Hartington is 

 a village in the Peak dist. of Derby- 

 shire. See Devonshire, 8th Duke of. 

 Hartland, HENRY ALBERT 

 (1840-93). British painter. Born 

 at Mallow, co. Cork, on Aug. 2, 

 1840, Hartland worked for a time 

 painting stage scenery in Dublin, 

 and made his first appearance at 

 the Royal Academy in 1869. His 

 best work was done in water- 

 colour, his favourite subjects being 

 the mooiland scenery of Ireland, 

 and N. Wales ; most of his working 

 life was spent at Liverpool. He was 

 a frequent exhibitor at the Royal 

 Academy, and examples of his 

 work are to be found in the S. Ken- 

 sington Museum and the Walker 

 Art Gallery, Liverpool. He died at 

 Liverpool, Nov. 28, 1893. 



Hartland Point. Headland on 

 the N. coast of Devonshire, Eng- 

 land. Forming the S.W. extremity 

 of Barnstaple Bay, it has a light- 

 house with a revolving light visible 

 for 17 m. 



Hartlebury. Parish and village 

 of Worcestershire, England. It 

 is a rly. junction on the G.W.R., 

 6 m. S.E. of Bewdiey. The castle 

 to the W. of the village is the resi- 

 dence of the bishop of Worcester. 

 The early bishops had a castle here 

 dating from the 13th century, but 

 the present building is mainly an 

 18th century one. It contains the 

 Hurd library and some good por- 

 traits. Pop. 2.500. 



Hartlepool. Municipal bor. of 

 Durham. It stands on a headland 

 on the coast of Durham, 247 m. 

 from London and 

 18 m. from Dur- 

 ham on the N.E. 

 Rly. The chief 

 buildings are the 

 church of S. 

 Hilda, dating 

 from the 12th 

 Hartlepool arms century, with its 

 great tower, and the town hall, a 

 modern building in the Italian style. 

 The chief industries are shipping 

 and shipbuilding. There is a large 

 fishing trade, for which there is a 

 commodious fish quay. The town 

 has a service of electric tramways, 

 connecting it also with W. Hartle- 

 pool. 



Hartlepool originated round a 

 monastery founded about 640. It 

 obtained some municipal privileges 

 from King John, and was a forti- 

 fied place, there being still many re- 

 mains of its walls and the Sanciwell 

 gate. It was made a borough in 

 1590. In the Middle Ages and 

 later it had large markets and 



fairs, and is now 

 a flourishing sea- 

 port. It is gov- 

 erned by a mayor 

 and corporation 

 which derives an 

 income from 

 some corporate 

 property. Gas 

 and water are 

 supplied by a 

 company. Known 

 as the Hartle- 

 pool s, Hartle- 

 pool and W. Har- 

 tlepool unite in 



Hartlepool. The Promenade. Top right, Christ Church 

 and square, West Hartlepool 



sending one member to Parlia- 

 ment. Pop. 20,000. 



Hartlepool, WEST. Co. bor. of 

 Durham. It stands just S. of 

 Hartlepool, being 245 m. from 

 London, and is served by the 

 N.E. Rly. The principal buildings 

 are the town hall, market hall, 

 public library, Athenaeum, and 

 several modern churches. The 

 borough includes Seaton Carew, a 

 watering-place, 2 m. to the S., and 

 Stranton with an old church All 

 Saints. West Hartlepool is entirely 

 a modern seaport dating from the 

 opening of the Durham coalfields. 

 With Hartlepool, it has a fine large 

 harbour, protected by a break- 

 water. It includes docks, which 

 cover over 350 acres and provide 

 facilities for shipping and ship- 

 building of all kinds. Timber, iron 

 ore, and sugar are among the im- 

 ports. Large shipbuilding yards, 

 engineering works, saw and flour 

 mills are among the other indus- 

 tries. Market day, Sat, Pop. 68,923. 



Hartlepools, BOMBARDMENT OF 

 THE. German naval operation in 

 the Great War, Dec. 16, 1914. 

 Early in the morning of Dec. 16, 

 1914, a German battle -cruiser 

 squadron under the command of 

 Vice-Admiral Hipper appeared off 

 the N.E. coast of England and 

 shelled the Hartlepools, Whitby, 

 and Scarborough, the total casu- 

 alties being 150 non-combatants 

 killed and over 400 wounded. The 

 enemy vessels engaged were the 

 battle cruisers Derfflinger, Seydlitz, 

 and Moltke, Von der Tann, the 

 armoured cruiser Bliicher, and cer 

 tain light cruisers and destroyers. 



The bombard- 

 ment bec>an at 

 8.15 a.m. and 

 lasted until 8.50 

 a.m. Three 

 cruisers got within 

 a range of 4,000 

 yds. The coastal 

 batteries m a i n- 

 tained an artillery 

 duel throughout 

 the engagement, 

 and inflicted some 

 damage. The light cruiser Patrol 

 and two destroyers, Doon and 

 Hardy, also fired at the enemy. 



Great damage was caused by the 

 bombardment. Important build- 

 ings were hit, including the rail- 

 way station, waterworks, gasometer, 

 and a battery. It is estimated 

 that 1,500 shells were fired by 

 the German force, and 500 houses 

 hit. The casualties were 113 killed, 

 including 30 women and 15 chil- 

 dren, and 300 wounded. The mili- 

 tary casualties were seven men of 

 the Durham Light Infantry killed 

 and 14 men of the Durham and 

 Yorks. Regts. and R.E. wounded. 

 Hartley, SIR CHARLES AUGUSTUS 

 (1825-1915). British engineer. 

 Born at Heworth, Durham, he be- 

 came a railway engineer. During 

 the Crimean War he served as an 

 engineer with the Turks. This led 

 to his appointment as engineer-in- 

 chief to the international com- 

 mission that controlled the Dan- 

 ube, and in 1892 he was made its 

 consulting engineer. In 1867 he 

 won a prize offered by the tsar tor 

 a plan to improve Odessa Harbour, 

 and he was consulted about river 

 and harbour prospects all over the 

 world, including the Mississippi 

 and Schelde, Durban, and Trieste. 

 He was on the commission for the 

 improvement of the Suez Canal. 

 Knighted in 1862, he died on 

 Feb. 20, 1915. 



Hartley, DAVID (1705-57). Eng- 

 lish physician and philosopher. 

 Bom Aug. 30, 1705, and educated 

 at Jesus College, Cambridge, con- 

 scientious scruples ied him to 

 abandon his intention of taking 



