HAZLITT 



3891 



HAZOR 



also ironworks, knitting, lumber 

 and planing mills, and silk, shirt, 

 and macaroni factories. It was 

 settled in 1820, incorporated in 

 1856, and chartered as a city in 

 1892. Pop. 27,510. 



Hazlitt, WILLIAM (1778-1830). 

 British essayist and critic. Son of 

 William Hazlitt (1737-1820), a 

 Unitarian minister, of Irish de- 

 scent, he was born in Mitre Lane, 

 Maidstone, Kent, April 10, 1778. 

 He was in Boston, U.S.A., with his 

 parents, 1783-86. In 1787-93 he 

 was living with them at Wem, 

 Shropshire. A student in Hackney 

 Theological College, 1793-94, he 

 abandoned the idea of a ministerial 

 career in 179Y, met Coleridge at 

 Wem, Jan., 1798, and on visiting 

 him at Stowey in the following 

 spring was introduced to Words- 

 worth. He studied art 1798-1805 

 (in Paris in 1802), painted portraits 

 of Hartley Coleridge, Wordsworth, 

 and Charles Lamb ; and displayed 

 a bent towards the study of meta- 

 physics. 



His earlier work included an 

 Essay on the Principles of Human 

 Action, being an argument in 

 favour of the natural disinterested- 

 ness of the Human Mind, 1805, the 

 outcome of an inquiry in which he 

 was encouraged by Coleridge ; Free 

 Thoughts on Public Affairs, 1806 ; 

 an abridgment of Abraham Tucker's 

 Light of Nature, 1807 ; and Elo- 

 quence of the British Senate, a 

 selection of parliamentary speeches 

 with notes, 1807. On May 1, 1808, 

 at S. Andrew's, Holborn, he married 

 Sarah Stoddart, and settled at 

 Winterslow, near Salisbury, Wilts, 

 which gave its name to a volume 

 of his essays issued in 1839. 



Coming to London, 1812, he lec- 

 tured at the Russell Institution on 

 The Rise and Progress of Modern 

 Philosophy. He was parliamentary 

 reporter and dramatic critic of The 

 Morning Chronicle, 1812-14, and be- 

 gan to contribute to The Champion, 

 The Examiner, and The Edinburgh 

 Review in 1814. He published The 

 Round Table essays and Charac- 

 ters of Shakespeare's Plays, 1817 ; 

 A View of the English Stage, 1818 ; 

 Lectures on the English Poets, 

 1818; on the English Comic 

 Writers, 1819 ; and on the Drama- 

 tic Literature of the Age of Eliza- 

 beth (delivered at the Surrey Insti- 

 tution), 1820. He joined the staff 

 of The London Magazine, his essays 

 in which appeared in Table Talk, 

 2 vols., 1821-22. 



The years 1822-23 were notable 

 for his visit to Scotland to secure a 

 divorce ; his temporary if passion- 

 ate attachment to Sarah Walker, 

 one of the two daughters of a Mr. 

 Walker, in whose house at 9, South- 

 ampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, 



he took lodgings in 1820, which in- 

 spired his morbidly egotistical Liber 

 Amoris, or the New Pygmalion, 

 1823, new ed. by R. Le Gallienne, 

 1894 ; and the issue of Characteris- 

 tics in the manner of Rochefou- 

 cauld's Maxims. In 1824 he married 

 the widow of Col. Bridgewater, and 

 travelled with her in France and 

 Italy, but was left by her on the 

 return journey. 



A series of personal sketches of 

 contemporaries, The Spirit of the 

 Age, appeared in 1825 ; Notes 

 of a Journey through France and 

 Italy, and The Plain Speaker, 

 Opinions on Books, Men andThing.s, 

 2 vols., in 1826; Life of Napo- 

 leon Buonaparte, 4 vols., 1828-30 ; 

 and Conversations of James North- 

 cote, 1830. His other works include 

 A Character of Mr. Burke, 1807 ; A 

 New and Improved Grammar of 



From a miniature by his brother John 



the English Tongue, 1810; Me- 

 moirs of the Late Thomas Holcroft, 

 1816 ; and Sketches of the Principal 

 Picture Galleries of England, 1824. 

 Ill -health and monetary troubles 

 darkened his later years, but his 

 last words, uttered just before he 

 died at his lodgings in Frith 

 Street, London, Sept. 18, 1830, were, 

 " Well, I've had a happy life." He 

 was buried in the churchyard of S. 

 Anne's, Soho. He left a son, William. 

 Hazlitt's life was rather sordid 

 and stormy. His domestic relations 

 were unhappy ; at one period, when 

 he was on The Morning Chronicle, 

 he gave way to intemperance, facts 

 of which those of his critics who 

 were politically opposed to him 

 took provocative advantage. He 

 participated in the hopes which 

 formed the legacy of the last decade 

 of the 18th century ; when those 

 hopes were shattered, the reaction 

 made him a bitter critic of hu- 

 manity. Politically he was a demo- 

 crat ; he adhered to certain dog- 



mas imbibed in his youth, but kept 

 his often violent political preju- 

 dices apart from his literary esti- 

 mates. He is in the first rank of 

 English literary critics ; his literary 

 judgements, generally, are the 

 judgements of posterity. His style, 

 which varies in harmony with his 

 subject, is wholly admirable. 



W. P. Aitken 



Bibliography. Works, ed. A. R. 

 Waller and A. Glover, with Intro, by 

 W. E. Henley, 13 vols., 1902-6'; 

 My Friends and Acquaintances, P. 

 G. Patmore, 1854 ; Memoirs, W. 

 C. Hazlitt, 2 vols., 1867 ; Four 

 Generations of a Literary Family, 

 W. C. Hazlitt, 1897; Hazlitt, A. 

 Birrell, 1902 ; Hazlitt on English 

 Literature, J. Zeitlin, 1913. 



Hazlitt, WILLIAM CABEW (1834- 

 1913). British author. Bora in 

 London, Aug. 23, 1834, he was a son 

 of William Hazlitt (1811-93) and a 

 grandson of the essayist. His 

 father, who was a registrar of the 

 court of bankruptcy, 1854-91, did 

 a good deal of literary work. Edu- 

 cated at Merchant Taylors' School, 

 William Carew Hazlitt was called 

 to the bar at the Inner Temple, 1 86 1 . 

 For a short time he studied civil 

 engineering under George and John 

 Rennie, but devoted most of his life 

 to literary and antiquarian pursuits. 

 He died Sept. 8, 1913. A volu- 

 minous writer, he edited Shake- 

 speare Jest Books, 1864 ; Brand's 

 Popular Antiquities, 1870 ; War- 

 ton's History of English Poetry, 

 1871 ; Dodsley's Old Plays, 1874- 

 76 ; Shakespeare Library, 1875 ; 

 Letters of Charles Lamb, 1886 ; and 

 Cotton's translation of Montaigne's 

 Essays, 1902. 



He compiled English Proverbs 

 and Proverbial Phrases, 3rd ed. 

 1906 ; and was the author of Me- 

 moirs of William Hazlitt, 1867 ; 

 Handbook of Early English Litera- 

 ture, 1867 ; Bibliographical Col- 

 lections and Notes, 1876-1904 ; 

 Schools, School Books, and School- 

 masters, 1888.; Studies in Jocular 

 Literature, 1890; The Lambs, 

 1897 ; Four Generations of a Liter- 

 ary Family, 1897 ; Lamb and Haz- 

 litt, 1900 ; The Venetian Republic, 

 3rd ed. 1900 ; The Book Collector, 

 1904 ; Faiths and Folklore, 1905 ; 

 and Shakespeare : Himself and His 

 Work, 3rd ed. 1908. 



Hazor OB HAZUR. Name of 

 several places in Palestine. The 

 most important was a citv in 

 Naphtali (Josh, xi, 1), a little S. 

 of Kedesh, which had a king 

 named Jabin. It was taken and 

 destroyed by Joshua, but having 

 been rebuilt was fortified by Solo- 

 mon (1 Kings ix, 15). It was after- 

 wards taken by Tiglath Pileser, 

 king of Assyria (2 Kings xv, 29). 

 Another Hazor, known as Hazor 

 of Benjamin, is now represented 



