HEINEMANN 



19th century. At times Heine's 

 poetry seems lacking in the sug- 

 gestiveness of the lyricism of 

 Goethe, Eichendorff, or Morike ; 

 and only too often he destroys by 

 an ill-placed gibe or satiric quirk 

 the effect of the purest lyric. But, 

 on the other hand, he is free from 

 the vague and nebulous sentiment- 

 ality into which German poetry too 

 easily falls; his imagery is plastic 

 and his metaphors daring almost 

 to the verge of paradox. 



As a prose writer Heine's claims 

 are also high ; his style, doubtless 

 modelled in part on that of his 

 French contemporaries, forms the 

 greatest possible contrast to the 

 clumsiness of the German prose 

 style of his time. He began his 

 career as a Romanticist, but 

 became a leader of that school of 

 writers which formed the anti- 

 thesis and negation of Romanticism, 

 " Young Germany." The tragedy 

 of Heine's intellectual life lay in 

 this discord ; he belonged to an age 

 of transition. An exile from his 

 native land, he remained also as a 

 poet a spiritual exile from that 

 romantic world from which he 

 drew his purest inspiration. 



J. G. Robertson 



Bibliography. Works, ed. E. 

 Elster. 7 vols., 1887-90, Eng. trans. 

 C. G. Leland and others, 10 vols., 

 1892-1905; Lives, A. Strodtmann, 

 3rd ed. 1884; G. Karpeles, 1888; 

 Lives in English, W. Stigand, 1875; 

 W. Sharp, 1888; French, H. Heine, 

 poete, J. Legros, 1897 ; H. Heine, 

 penseur, H. Lichtenberger, 1905. 



Heinemann, WILLIAM (1863- 

 1920). British publisher and 

 author. Bom at Surbiton, May 18, 

 1863, he was associated with 

 Nicholas Triibner, the publisher of 

 Oriental works, of whose business, 

 in 1884, he became manager. He 

 founded the publishing house of 

 William Heinemann in Jan., 1890, 

 and issued his first book, Hall 

 Caine's The Bondman, the following 

 month. He was author of three 

 plays, The First Step, 1895; Sum- 

 mer Moths, 1898; and War, 1901. 

 He died in London, Oct. 5, 1920. 



Heinrich von Meissen. Early 

 German poet, generally known as 

 Frauenlob (q.v.). 



Heinsius, ANTONIUS (1641- 

 1720). Dutch statesman. Born at 

 Delft, Nov. 22, 1641, he studied 

 law at Leiden, and in 1679 was 

 appointed to a government office 

 in his native city. Intimate with 

 William of Orange, he became 

 foreign minister and pensionary of 

 Holland on the accession of the 

 former to the crown of England, 

 and acted as William's agent in 

 the Netherlands. His unwavering 

 opposition to France'made him the 

 successor of William as a fierce 

 opponent of Louis XIV, and in 



Daniel Heinsius, 

 Dutch scholar 



1702 Heinsius was largely re- 

 sponsible for the alliance of the 

 European powers against the 

 French king. He refused to listen 

 to any suggestion of peace until, 

 deserted by England, he realized 

 the impossibility of continuing the 

 struggle against France alone, and 

 signed the treaty of Utrecht. He 

 died Aug. 3, 1720. 



Heinsius, DANIEL (1580-1655). 

 Dutch scholar. Born in Ghent, 

 June 9, 1580, he became a pupil of 

 Scaliger and ^g^^^Ms^^^ma 

 was made pro- 

 fessor of Greek | 

 and Latin at 

 Leiden. He 

 wrote Latin 

 poems and 

 edited many 

 Latin classics 

 and learned 

 works. He pub- 

 lished his Latin 

 Orationes, 1609-21, his tragedy, 

 The Massacre of the Innocents, in 

 1613, and his Poems in 1616. He 

 died at The Hague, Feb. 25, 1655. 



His son Nikolaas (1620-81 ), born 

 at Leiden, July 20, 1620, was a 

 great traveller and collector of MSS. 

 He edited a number of Latin classi- 

 cal authors, in which he proposed 

 a vast number of not always felicit- 

 ous emendations, which gained him 

 the sobriquet of Restorer of the 

 Latin Poets. He died at The 

 Hague, Oct. 7, 1681. 



Heir (Lat. heres). In English 

 law, the person who succeeds by 

 descent to an estate of inherit- 

 ance. The person to whose estate 

 he succeeds is called the ancestor. 

 An heir apparent is a person who, if 

 he survives the ancestor, must be 

 his heir : thus, an eldest son is 

 always his father's heir to an 

 estate in fee simple. An heir pre- 

 sumptive is a person who, if the 

 ancestor dies now, would be his 

 heir, but if the ancestor lives, may 

 possibly be defeated by another 

 heir coming into existence. Thus, a 

 childless man's brother may be his 

 heir presumptive, but should the 

 man have a son, the son will dis- 

 place the brother. In a few cases 

 the eldest son is not the heir, as in 

 the tenure called borough English, 

 where the youngest son inherits. 



It is not correct, in English law, 

 to speak of inheriting a sum of 

 money, or any form of property 

 except realty. The chief rules for 

 finding the heir are (1 ) that descen- 

 dants take first; (2) if there is no 

 descendant, collaterals succeed ; 

 (3) children represent their de- 

 ceased parents ; (4) if males, the 

 eldest male is the heir, but if 

 females, they are all co-heirs. For 

 example. A dies, leaving three sons 

 and three daughters. The eldest son 



HEJAZ 



is heir. If the eldest son has died 

 before A, then that son's children 

 take his place, i.e. his eldest son, or 

 failing a son, his daughter. If all 

 A's sons predeceased him, his three 

 daughters inherit together. See 

 Primogeniture. 



Heirloom. In English law, 

 chattels which descend by custom 

 or settlement to the heir of an 

 estate. Heirlooms do not pass to 

 the executor or administrator with 

 the rest of the property, and they 

 cannot be devised by will away 

 from the heir, who, in his turn, is 

 regarded merely as the owner in 

 trust for his successor. Yet under 

 the Settled Land Act the court 

 may sanction their sale or pur- 

 chase for the benefit of all parties 

 interested in the estate, though the 

 personal difficulties of an extrava- 

 gant owner would not be regarded 

 as sufficient reason for such a sale. 

 A testator may create new heir- 

 looms for his successors. The chief 

 heirlooms are charters, deeds 

 giving evidence of title, and muni- 

 ment chests in which such deeds 

 are kept ; anything which cannot 

 be moved without inflicting 

 damage to house or estate, e.g. 

 mantelpieces and stairs, deer, fish 

 in the lake, and doves ; crown 

 jewels, monuments, tombs, banners 

 or escutcheons or arms set up in a 

 church. The word is apparently a 

 compound of heir and loom (A.S. 

 geloma), originally meaning any 

 instrument, frame, then property 

 generally. 



Hejaz OR HEDJAZ. Kingdom of 

 Arabia. Long before the close of 

 the Great War the Hejaz, 

 formerly a vilayet of the Turk- 

 ish empire, had won its independ- 

 ence. This was recognized by the 

 Allies at the end of 1916. The 

 grand sherif of Mecca, the heredi- 

 tary keeper of the Holy Places of 

 Islam, had proclaimed himself its 

 king in June, 1916, taking the title, 

 Hussein Ibn Ali, with the approval 

 of the Arabs. With a pop. of 

 300,000, and an area a little larger 

 than that of Great Britain, the 

 Hejaz lies to a depth of some 200 

 m. along the E. coast of the Red 

 Sea for nearly 700 m., and stretches 

 from Akabah on the N. to Asir on 

 the S., its boundaries on the E. being 

 from N. to S. Great Nefud, Nejd, 

 and the Great Arabian Desert. 



It owes its importance to the 

 Holy Cities of Mecca and Medina, 

 from the latter of which the Hejaz 

 Rly., begun in 1901 and completed 

 in 1908, runs N. to Damascus, a 

 distance of 1,105 m. Originally 

 constructed by Turkey on the plea 

 that it facilitated the haj or pil- 

 grimage to the Holy Cities, this 

 line was also politically and strate- 

 gically valuable, as it enabled her 



