HENRY 



Henry IV, 

 King of France 



After Porbus 



on another. The Guises and their 

 party were determined to prevent 

 his accession, but events compelled 

 Henry III to 

 adopt a differ- 

 ent policy. He 

 recognized the 

 king of Na- 

 varre, who be- 

 came titular 

 king of France 

 on Aug. 1, 

 1589. 



Henry had 

 now to conquer 

 his kingdom,) 

 which he did by a wise mixture of 

 diplomacy and force. He won the 

 battles of Ivry and Arques and cap- 

 tured Paris, but equally potent was 

 his politic conversion in 1593 to 

 Roman Catholicism. In 1598 Philip 

 II of Spain, who had helped his 

 enemies, made peace, and France, j 

 granted the edict of Nantes,was more > 

 than ready to accept Henry as king. < 

 Henry's reign was a period of 

 comparative prosperity for his 

 country. Under Sujly's direction 

 much was done for industry ; the 

 burdens on the people were reduced 

 and the evils of the civil war, to 

 some extent, remedied. Abroad, 

 the house of Habsburg was watched ! 

 jealously, its ambitions being 

 checked by steady encouragement 

 to its enemies. War had just been 

 declared upon Germany, when, on 

 May 14, 1610, the king was assas- 

 sinated by Ravaillac. Henry owed 

 his populaiity to the circumstances 

 of his reign, the relief it brought 

 from civil strife, and to his own 

 qualities, his courage and gaiety, 

 frankness and amiability. His 

 passion for women was notorious ; 

 he had many mistresses and several 

 illegitimate children. His lawful 

 issue included Louis XIII, Gaston, 

 duke of Orleans, and Henrietta 

 Maria, the queen of Charles I. 



Bibliography. Life of Henry IV, 

 King of France and Navarre, 3 

 vols., G. P. R. James, 1847 ; The 

 First of the Bourbons, 2 vols., C. C. 

 Jackson, 1890 ; Henry IV of 

 France, S. M. Leathes, 1904. 



Henry, PRINCE (b. 1900). Brit- 

 ish prince. The third son of King 

 George V and Queen Mary, he was 

 born at York 

 Cottage, 

 March 31, 

 1900, and was 

 ch ristened 

 Henry Wil- 

 lianiFrederick 

 Albert. The 

 prince wan 

 delicate in 

 early life, but 

 benefited from 

 residence at 

 Broadstairs, 

 where he was 



a pupil at a private school. Thence 

 he proceeded to Eton, where he 

 joined the Officers' Training Corps. 

 He became a 2nd lieut. in the 

 King's Royal RifleCorps,July,1919. 

 Henry (b. 1862). Prussian prince. 

 The younger son of the German 

 emperor Frederick, he was- born 

 at Potsdam, Aug. 14, 1862, and was 

 baptized Heinrich Albrecht Wil- 

 helm. Educated partly at Cassel, 

 he was trained for the navy, which 

 he entered, after a voyage round 

 the world, in 1880. In 1901 he 

 was made admiral, and later be- 

 came inspector-general of marine, 

 appearing from time to time as the 

 representative of his brother Wil- 

 liam II. When the Great War 

 broke out he was commander-in- 

 chief of the German navy, but 

 he was only heard of in 1915 as 

 joint author with Hindenburg of a 

 plan to capture Petrograd. 



Another Prussian prince of this 

 name was a younger brother of 

 Frederick the Great, and a son of 

 Frederick 

 William I of 

 Prussia. Born 

 Jan. 18, 1726, 

 in Berlin, he 

 became a sol- 

 dier. He held 

 a command in 

 the Seven 

 Years' War, 



Henry, an( ^ remained 



Prince of Prussia active in Prus- 



Fro m a print S i a n poli tics 



until his death, Aug. 3, 1802. 



Henry, GEORGE. Scottish painter. 

 Born at Ayrshire, he studied at the 

 Glasgow School of Art. In 1890, a 

 picture of The 

 Druids, exe- 

 cuted in collab- 

 oration with 

 E. A. Hornel, 

 called a 1 1 e n- 

 tion to both 

 painters, and 

 in the same 

 year Henry's 

 Galloway 

 Landscape, at 

 the Glasgow 

 Institute, marked a new departure. 

 In 1893 he accompanied Hornel 

 to Japan ; but the visit, so far from 

 enhancing his liking for brilliant 

 colour patterns, was followed by a 

 leaning towards more restrained 

 tones. Rich colouring and tone 

 distinguish The Blue Gown, now in 

 the Cape Town Gallery ; The Mir- 

 ror, Gold-fish, and The Blue Veil 

 are representative of his nameless 

 portraits. He was elected A.R.S.A. 

 1892, U.S.A. 1902, and R.A. 1920. 

 Henry, JOSEPH (1799-1878). 

 American physicist. Born at Al- 

 bany, New York, Dec. 17, 1799, he 

 became professor of mathematics 



George Henry, 

 Scottish painter 



Russell 



Joseph Henry, 

 American physicist 



and natural 

 philosophy at 

 Albany Acade- 

 my in 1826. 

 There he at 

 once showed a 

 remarkable 

 ability in elec- 

 trical research 

 and experi- 

 ment, improv- 

 ing the electro- 

 magnet to such an extent that 

 his experiments marked a definite 

 epoch in the practical applica- 

 tions of the electric current. In 

 1831-32 Henry carried out a series 

 of important experiments in the 

 transmission of electric current 

 which was the forerunner of the 

 telegraph. His discovery in 1842 

 that the discharge of a Leyden jar 

 induced discharges in other circuits 

 some distance away was a funda- 

 mental discovery of wireless tele- 

 graphy. 



In 1846 Henry was appointed 

 secretary to the Smithsonian In- 

 stitution. After him was named 

 the electric unit of self-induction. 

 He died May 13, 1878. 



Henry, MATTHEW (1662-1714). 

 Nonconformist minister and com- 

 mentator. The .son of Philip 

 Henry, he was 

 born at Broad 

 Oak,Flintshire, 

 Oct. 18, 1662, 

 and studied for 

 the law. In 

 1687, having 

 been ordained, 

 he became a 

 Presbyterian 

 minister at 

 Chester, where 

 he was extraor- 

 dinarily suc- 

 cessful and influential. He remained 

 there until 1712, when he became 

 minister of a church in Mare St., 

 Hackney. He died at Nantwich, 

 June 22, 1714, and there is a monu- 

 ment to him at Chester. 



Henry wrote much, but is speci- 

 ally noted for his Exposition of 

 the Old and New Testament, fre- 

 quently republished, which was 

 completed by several nonconform- 

 ist divines. 'Henry's father, Philip 

 Henry (1631-96), was a clergy- 

 man. He became a Nonconformist 

 in 1662, when he was ejected from 

 his living. He died at Broad Oak, 

 where he had preached for several 

 years, June 24, 1696. 



Henry, O. (1862-1910). Pen- 

 name of William Sydney Porter, 

 American short-story writer and 

 journalist. Born at Greensboro. 

 Guilford county, N. Carolina, Sept. 

 11, 1862, he became editor of a 

 humorous weekly called The Roll- 

 ing Stone, in Austin, Texas, where 



Matthew Henry, 



Nonconformist 



minister 



From a print 



