HENZADA 



HERACLEA 



books for boys, which he began to 

 write in 1868. His characters are 

 conventional, but he had the art 

 of telling an interesting and rapidly 

 moving story of adventure, and 

 his books enjoyed enormous popu- 

 larity. Among the best are The 

 Young Franc-Tireurs, The Cat of 

 Bubastes, The Young Cartha- 

 ginian, The Lion of S. Mark, With 

 Clive in India, By Pike and Dyke. 

 Hentv was a keen yachtsman, and 

 died at Weymouth, Nov. 16, 1902. 



Henzada. Dist., subdiv., and 

 town of Burma, in the Irawadi divi- 

 sion. Of the total about one quar- 

 ter is under cultivation, and nearly 

 the whole of the cultivated area is 

 devoted to rice. The exports consist 

 largely of rice, while the imports 

 include cotton and silk piece goods 

 and chinaware. Henzada town, on 

 the Irawadi, 65 m. W.N. W. of Pegu, 

 is an important trade centre. Area 

 of dist., 2,870 sq. m. Pop., dist., 

 532,360; subdiv., 140,200, nearly 

 all Buddhists; town, 25,050. 



Hepatica (Anemone hepatica.) 

 Perennial herb of the natural order 

 Ranunculaceae, native of Europe. 

 The thick, dark-green leaves are 

 deeply divided into three oval 

 lobes ; the flowers are blue, each 

 on a long stalk direct from the 

 rootstock, the showy portions con- 

 sisting of the sepals. 



Hepatisation (Gr. hepar, liver). 

 Term applied to changes in the 

 lung which occur in the course of 

 pneumonia. The name is derived 

 from the fact that the lung looks 

 somewhat like liver. In the first 

 stage, known as red hepatisation, 

 the lung tissue is red, solid, firm, 

 and airless. In a later stage, 

 namely grey hepatisation, the 

 colour becomes greyish -white, the 

 surface is moister, and the lung 

 tissue more friable. See Pneumonia. 



Hephaestus (Gr Hephaistos). 

 In Greek mythology, god of fire 

 and the working of metals. He 

 was the son of Zeus and Hera, but 

 was so disliked by his mother that 

 she threw him out of Olympus. 

 On another occasion Hephaestus, 

 having offended Zeus, was again 

 thrown out, falling for a whole day 

 and landing in the island of Lem- 

 nos. He is represented as having 

 been lame from birth or lamed by 

 his fall. This probably indicates 

 the halting beginnings of a freshly 

 lighted fire, or the fact that smiths 

 were often described as lame To 

 remedy the defect, Hephaestus is 

 said to have made two female 

 figures of gold, endowed with 

 speech and powers of movement, 

 who assisted him in walking. 



Some accounts make him the 

 husband of Charis, qne of the 

 Graces ; others the husband of 

 Aphrodite. The famous armour of 



Achilles and Aeneas, and the fire- 

 breathing bulls of Aeetes which 

 guarded the golden fleece, were the 

 work of Hephaestus. His chief 

 workshop was in Lemnos, but vari- 

 ous volcanic islands, such as Sicily, 

 were also supposed to be the scene 

 of his activities. At Athens he was 

 associated with Athena and Prome- 

 theus, with whom he has many 

 points of resemblance, and festivafs 

 with torch-races were held in their 

 honour. In art Hephaestus is always 

 represented as a stoutly built man 

 with a beard, holding a smith's ham- 

 mer and tongs, but showing little 

 trace of lameness. Hephaestus was 

 identified by the Romans with Vul- 

 can. See Aeschylus ; Vulcan. 



Hepplewhite, GEORGE (d. 1786). 

 English furniture maker. After 

 serving his apprenticeship with 

 Gillow, a cabinet-maker at Lan- 

 caster, he started a business in 

 London which his widow carried 

 on after his death as A. Hepple- 

 white & Co. Drawings supplied by 

 this firm were published in The 

 Cabinet-maker and Upholsterer's 

 Guide in 1788. 



Hepplewhite's name is identified 

 with the style in furniture which 

 followed the Chippendale period, 

 and was a cautious revolt against 

 the solidity of the latter. Its 

 characteristic was the curvilinear, 

 all the pieces having sweeping 

 lines, with a leaning to the classic 

 style of the D irectoire modified by 

 English sturdiness. 1 n the tracery 

 of cabinets and bookcases straight 

 rather than curving lines were used. 

 The cabinets -were placed on tall 

 legs, usually square, though also 

 round, and tapered. The chairs had 

 shield, oval, circular, hoop, and in- 

 terlaced heart, fretwork backs. 

 See Chair ; Furniture. 



Heptameron, THE (Gr. hepta, 

 seven ; hemera, day). Stories 

 written in the 16th century, in 

 imitation of Boccaccio's Decame- 

 ron, by Marguerite, queen of Na- 

 varre (q.v.). The book tells of 

 a company of lords and ladies 

 who. when returning from the 

 baths at Cauterets, were detained 

 in a beautiful spot for seven days 

 by the flooding of a stream in the 

 Pyrenees, and devoted the time to 

 telling extremely sprightly stories. 

 See Boccaccio ; Italy ; Literature. 



Heptarchy. Word derived from 

 the Greek hepta. seven, and denot- 

 ing the seven kingdoms (archai) 

 into which Anglo-Saxon England 

 was supposed to have been divided 

 before 900. The seven presumably 

 were Kent, Essex, Sussex, Wessex, 

 Mercia, East Anglia, and North- 

 urn bria. See England : History. 



Hera . In Greek mythology, sister 

 and wife of Zeus and daughter of 

 Cronos and Rhea. One of the major 



Hera, Greek goddess 



From a bust in Ike 

 British Museum 



deities of ancient Greece, by Zeus 

 she became the mother of Ares, 

 Hephaestus, and Hebe. She is 

 generally r e - 

 presented a s 

 being of a jeal- 

 o u s disposi- 

 tion, and she 

 displayed the 

 utmost vin- 

 dictiveness to- 

 wards those 

 with whom 

 her husband 

 had am ours. 

 Among those 

 persecuted 

 by her were 

 Semele and her child Bacchus or 

 Dionysus, and Hercules. 



Hera had frequent quarrels with 

 her husband, and on one occasion 

 plotted with Athena and Poseidon 

 to put him in chains. For this she 

 was beaten by Zeus and herself put 

 in chains. Her annoyance with 

 Paris (q.v.) for his judgement 

 against her for the ownership of 

 the golden apple led her to side 

 with the Greeks in the Trojan War. 

 As a married goddess, her special 

 province was to preside over child- 

 birth. As such the pomegranate, 

 the symbol of fertility, the cuckoo, 

 in which form Zeus gained her 

 favours, and the peacock were 

 sacred to her. 



In art Hera is represented as a 

 woman of stately beauty. Her 

 Homeric epithet boopis (cow-eyed) 

 seems to refer to her having been 

 originally worshipped in the form of 

 a cow. The Romans identified her 

 with Juno (q.v.). 



Heraclea. Ancient city of 

 Magna Graecia, Italy. It stood on 

 the N.W. coast of the Gulf of 

 Taranto, near the modern Policoro. 

 A Greek colony, it was founded 

 about 432 B.C. by Tarentum and 

 Thurii, on the site of Siris. It 

 became the locale of the general 

 assembly of the Italiot Greeks. 

 Near here, in 280 B.C., Pyrrhus 

 defeated the Romans. Afterwards 

 it became a Roman municipium, 

 receiving a bronze copy of the Lex 

 Julia Municipalis, discovered in the 

 vicinity in 1753. These Tabulae 

 Heracleenses are one of the chief 

 sources of our knowledge of the 

 ancient municipal laws. Very 

 little remains of the ancient city. 



Heraclea Minoa. Ancient 

 Greek city of Sicily. It stood on 

 the S. coast, W. of Agrigentum. 

 Originally a Phoenician settlement, 

 it was called Minoa from a tradi- 

 tion that it was built by Minos. It 

 fell into the hands of the Spartans 

 about 510 B.C. and changed owner- 

 ship many times. In 383 B.C. it 

 owned the sway of Carthage, but 

 it was later on destroyed by the 



