HERVEY 



near North - 

 a m p t o n , 

 February 26, 

 1714, he was 

 educated at 

 the local gram- 

 mar school 

 and at Lin- 

 coln College, 

 Oxford, where 



Later he attached himself to the 

 Calvinists. He succeeded to his 

 father's livings at Weston Favell 

 and Collingtree, was remarkable 

 for his benevolence, and died on 

 Dec. 25, 1758. 



His works include Meditations 

 and Contemplations, 1746-47, 

 which contain Meditations among 

 the Tombs, turgid and unnatural 

 in style, but once extraordinarily 

 popular ; and Dialogues between 

 Theron and Aspasio, 1755, which 

 led to a controversy on the nature 

 of faith with Robert Sandeman 

 (q.v.), Hervey contending that 

 justification by faith meant ap- 

 propriation ; Sandeman, that the 

 vital thing was not the manner of 

 believing, but the matter of belief. 

 See Life and Letters, T. Birch, 

 1782; Works, 6 vols., 1769. 



Hervey, JOHN HERVEY, BARON 

 (,1696-1743). English politician 

 and author. Son of John Hervey, 

 earl of Bristol, 

 he was born 

 Oct. 15, 1696, 

 belonging t o 

 the family of 

 whom it was 

 said that God 

 made men, 

 women, and 

 Herveys, s o 

 notable was 

 1st Baron Hervey their pr ide. 



After Vanloo jj e W{J e( j u 



cated at Westminster and Clare 

 Hall, Cambridge, after which he 

 married Mary, or Molly, Lepell, 

 like himself a member of the court 

 of the prince of Wales, afterwards 

 George II. In 1725 he entered 

 Parliament, attaching himself to 

 Sir Robert Walpole. The confidence 

 of Queen Caroline gave him political 

 importance, both before and after 

 he became lord privy seal in 1740. 



In 1733 he was made a baron, 

 but he did not live long enough to 

 inherit his father's earldom, dying 

 Aug. 5, 1743. Three of his sons 

 became in turn earl of Bristol. As 

 a writer, Hervey is chiefly known 

 for his Memoirs of the Court of 

 George II, which show the king 

 and his son Frederick, prince of 

 Wales, in a very t unfavourable 

 light. They were edited by J. W. 

 Croker, 1848. Hervey was satirised 



3974 



by Pope, to whom he replied with 

 almost equal bitterness. See Bris- 

 tol, Marquess of. 



Hervey Archipelago. Group 

 of islands in the Pacific Ocean, 

 also known as Cook Islands (g.v.). 

 Hervey Bay. Bay on the coast 

 of S. Queensland, Australia. The 

 east side is formed by Great Sandy 

 Island, one of the sandy islands 

 which interfere with coastal navi- 

 gation. On the west side is the 

 sugar and cattle -rearing area, of 

 which the commercial centre is the 

 small port of Bundaberg, which is 

 situated at the beginning of the 

 bay, here some 50 m. across. At 

 the head of the bay in the south a 

 narrow sea channel separates Gt. 

 Sandy Island from the district of 

 Maryborough. 



Hervier, Louis ADOLPHE (1821- 

 79). French painter and etcher. 

 Born at Paris, he studied under 

 Leon Cogniet and Eugene Isabey. 

 The rare quality of his designs, 

 etchings, and lithographs was not 

 appreciated during his life by the 

 Salon juries, who refused his work 

 twenty-three times. One or two 

 series of lithographs published 

 after his death, notably those of 

 Les Mis6rables and La Mendiante, 

 proved his exceptional gift. 



Hervieu, PAUL ERNEST (1857- 

 1915). A French dramatist and 

 novelist. Born at Neuilly-sur- 

 Seine, Nov. 2, 

 1857, he was 

 educated for 

 the law, and 

 called to the 

 bar in 1877. 

 Later he en- 

 tered the 

 dipl om atic 

 service, but in 

 1881, on being 

 appointed to 

 the secretary- 

 ship of the 

 French legation in Mexico, he re- 

 signed and thenceforward devoted 

 himself to journalism and literature. 

 His first novel, Diogene-le-Chien, 

 1882, was followed by a collection 

 of journalistic narratives, La Betise 

 Parisienne, 1884; L'Inconnu, 1887 ; 

 Flirt, 1890; Peints par Eux-Memes, 

 1893; and L' Armature, 1895. 



In his stories he showed close 

 knowledge of life, and charming 

 literary fancy. Having established 

 himself as a novelist, he won 

 fresh and greater fame as a 

 dramatist, his principal plays 

 being Les Paroles Restent, 1892 ; 

 Les Tenailles, 1895 ; La Course du 

 Flambeau, and L'Enigme, 1901, 

 produced in English as Caesar's 

 Wife, in the following year; The- 

 roigne de Mericourt, 1902 ; Le 

 Dedale, perhaps his best, 1903; 

 Le Reveil, 1905 ; Connais-Toi, 1909. 



HERZEGOVINA 



He was elected to the French Aca- 

 demy in 1900. His collected plays 

 were published in 3 vols., 1900^. 

 He died Oct. 25, 1915. 



Herwarth von Bittenfeld, 

 KARL EBERHARD (1796-1884). Ger- 

 man soldier. Of good family, he 

 entered the 

 / '^*j^. army of Prus- 



k sia in 1811 and 

 ; ^, V saw his first 

 * "' 8L fighting in the 

 war of libera- 

 tion of 1813- 

 1 4. He rose 

 high in the ser- 

 vice during the 

 years of peace, 

 attaining the 

 command of 



Herwarth von 



Bittenfeld, 

 German soldier 



an army corps in 1860. This 

 was partly due to his position as 

 an officer of the guards, which 

 brought him into contact with the 

 king, especially when he was com- 

 manding his regiment in Berlin 

 during the troubles of 1848. In 

 1864 Herwarth was in command of 

 the Prussian army that, fighting 

 Denmark, made its way across to 

 Alsen. He commanded an army in 

 the war of 1866 against Austria, 

 led it through Saxony into Bo- 

 hemia, fighting two battles and 

 taking part in the final victory of 

 Sadowa. In the war against France 

 he was employed at home, his work 

 being that of a quartermaster- 

 general. In 1871 he was made a 

 field-marshal. He died at Bonn, 

 Sept. 2, 1884. 



Herzegovina. District of S.E. 

 Europe. It lies on the N.W. of the 

 Balkan Peninsula, and is sur- 

 rounded by Bosnia, Serbia, Mon- 

 tenegro, and Dalmatia. It consists 

 of mountains rising to a height of 

 8.000 ft., and forming part of the 

 Dinaric Alps, with high forested 

 valleys and cultivable plateaux in 

 between. It is watered by the 

 Narenta, on which is its chief town, 

 Mostar. It produces barley, to- 

 bacco, timber, excellent wine, and 

 much fruit. Cattle, goats, and pigs 

 are raised in considerable quanti- 

 ties. Minerals are abundant, but 

 little worked. Its area is 3,562 

 sq. m. ; pop. about 200,000. 



During the Roman period it was 

 at various times included in Illyria, 

 Pannonia, and Dalmatia. After its 

 conquest by the Turks it was a 

 Turkish province. As a result of 

 the Berlin Congress,' July, 1878, it 

 was handed over, with Bosnia, to 

 Austria, who annexed both and 

 formed them into the provincial 

 government of Bosnia-Herzegovina 

 in 1908. In 1918-19, after the fall 

 of the Austrian Empire, Herzego- 

 vina became a portion of the new 

 kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and 

 Slovenes. See Austria ; Yugo-Slavia. 



