HOCKING 



HOCKTIDE 



Representative games were 

 started in 1890, teams representing 

 the N. and S. of England being 

 opposed. In 1895 the first inter- 

 national game was decided, Eng- 

 land defeating Ireland at Rich- 

 mond by five goals to nil ; and in 

 the same year international ladies' 

 teams representing these countries 

 met at Brighton. 



Dimensions of Ground 

 Hockey is played between two 

 teams of eleven players, each 

 player having a stick with a curved 

 blade with which a ball is driven, 

 the object being to force the ball 

 into the opponents' goal. The 

 correct formation of a team is five 

 forwards, three half-backs, two 

 backs, and a goalkeeper. The game 

 is of 70 mins. duration, the teams 

 changing ends after 35 mins. play. 

 The dimensions of the ground are : 

 length, 100 yds. ; breadth, from 

 55 yds. to 60 yds. It is rectangular, 

 as in football, the longer boundary 

 lines being called side-lines and the 

 shorter goal-lines. At a distance of 

 5 yds. a line is drawn parallel with 

 each side-line, and 25 yds. from 

 each goal a line 7 yds. long is drawn 

 from the side-lines, parallel with 

 each goal-line. A line is also drawn 

 across the middle of the pitch 

 between the side-lines, and a centre 

 circle is marked. The goals are 4 

 yds. wide and 7 ft. high. 



In front of each goal is drawn a 

 line 4 yds. long parallel to and 15 

 yds. from the goal-line, and con- 

 tinued each way to the goal-line by 

 drawing quarter circles with the 

 goal-posts as centres. This is the 

 striking circle. The ball is a 

 leather cricket ball, the case painted 

 white or made of white leather. 

 The sticks are made of ash, have a 

 flat front surface and curved blade, 

 and may not weigh more than 28 oz. 

 The game is started by the bully off, 

 one player of each side bullying the 

 ball from the centre of the ground. 



To bully the ball each player 

 strikes first the ground on his own 

 side of the ball and then his op- 

 ponent's stick three times altern- 

 ately, after which the players may 

 strike at the ball. A goal is scored 

 when the ball passes between the 

 uprights, below the cross-bar and 

 entirely over the goal-line, the ball 

 having been hit or touched by the 

 stick of an attacker while within 

 the striking circle. 



Offences and Penalties 



The following offences, if com- 

 mitted outside the striking circle, 

 are penalised by a free hit to the 

 opposing side : (a) Sticks, i.e. 

 raising the stick above the shoulder 

 when striking ; (b) charging, kick- 

 ing, shoving, tripping ; (c) playing 

 with the rounded back of stick, or 

 hooking sticks when not within 



striking distance of the ball ; (d) 

 picking up, knocking on, or carry- 

 ing the ball otherwise than with 

 the stick ; (e) obstructing an op- 

 ponent by running in between him 

 and the ball; (/) interfering with 

 the game unless with stick in hand ; 

 (g) taking any part in the game 

 when in an offside position. 

 Offences (6) to (/) are punishable, 

 when committed by the defending 

 team inside the striking circle, by 

 a penalty bully to the attacking 

 team ; offence (g), committed by a 

 defender inside the striking circle, 

 is penalised by an ordinary bully at 

 the spot where the offence occurred, 

 a similar penalty being awarded 

 for any breach of the free hit rule ; 

 offences (a) to (g), if committed by 

 the attacking side within their op- 

 ponents' striking circle, are punish- 

 able by a free hit to the op- 

 posing side. 



Corners and Offsides 

 A penalty bully is played by the 

 offender and a selected player of 

 the other team on the spot where 

 the offence occurred, all other 

 players standing beyond the nearer 

 25 yds. line. A corner, awarded 

 when the ball crosses the goal-line 

 after being played by a defender 

 behind the 25 yds. line, is taken 

 from a point on the goal or side- 

 line within 3 yds. of the corner flag. 

 All defenders must stand behind 

 their goal -line and attackers out- 

 side the circle. From a corner the 

 attacking side can only score a goal 

 after the ball has been stopped 

 dead or hit after it has struck or 

 been played by a defender. When 

 the ball is sent behind by an 

 attacker or unintentionally by a 

 defender farther from goal than 

 the 25 yds. line, a bully is held on 

 the 25 yds. line opposite the point 

 at which the ball crossed the goal- 

 line. When the ball is played over 

 either side-line it is rolled in, not 

 bounced, by a player of the oppos- 

 ing team from the point on the line 

 at which it left the field of play, 

 no other player standing within 

 5 yds. A player is offside when the 

 ball is hit or rolled in unless there 

 are at least three players between 

 him and his opponents' goal, and a 

 free hit at the spot where the 

 offence occurred is awarded the 

 opposing team. No player can be 

 offside in his own half of the field. 

 See The Complete Hockey Player, 

 E. E. White, 1909 ; Hockey, E. H. 

 Green and E. E. White, 1912; 

 Hockey, Eric Green, 1920. 



E. G. Ogan 



Hocking, JOSEPH (b. 1855). 

 British Nonconformist minister 

 and novelist. Born in Cornwall, a 

 brother of Silas Hocking, he was 

 educated at Victoria University, 

 Manchester, and for a time was a 



Joseph Hocking, 

 British novelist 



Silas K. Hocking, 

 British novelist 



land surveyor. In 1884 he became 

 minister of a Methodist church, 

 and was a successful pastor and 

 a popular 

 preacher. It is 

 chiefly by his 

 novels that he 

 is generally 

 k n own, his 

 first story, Ja- 

 bez Easter- 

 brook, 1891, 

 having been 

 followed every 

 year by at 

 least one work 

 of fiction. Many of these have 

 attained wide popularity both as 

 serials and in volume form. 



Hocking, SILAS KITTO (b. 1850). 

 British novelist. Bom in Cornwall, 

 March 24, 1850, and educated 

 privately, he 

 was ordained 

 minister of the 

 United Metho- 

 dist Church in 

 1870, and held 

 various p a s- 

 torates until 

 1896, when he 

 retired. H i s 

 first story, 

 Alec Green, ap- 

 peared in 1878, 

 and was followed by Her Benny, 

 1879, this being the first of a 

 long sequence of novels, chiefly 

 of a religious tendency, many of 

 which have enjoyed wide popu- 

 larity. Hocking twice contested 

 seats in Parliament without suc- 

 cess ; he also travelled widely. 



Hockley-in-the-Hole. Former 

 name of Ray Street, Clerkenwell, 

 London, E.C. Notorious in the 1 7th 

 and 18th centuries as a resort of 

 thieves, highwaymen, bull-baiters, 

 bulldog breeders, and infamous 

 women, it had a bear garden which 

 all classes patronised, where prize- 

 fighting, cock-fighting, wrestling, 

 and duels with swords took place. 

 Hocldey-in-the-Hole is mentioned 

 by Steele in The Tatler, Addison in 

 The Spectator, Pope in The Dim- 

 ciad, Butler in Hudibras, and Gay 

 in Trivia and The Beggar's Opera. 

 See History of Clerkenwell, W. J. 

 Pinks and E. J. Wood, 2nd. ed. 1881. 

 Hocktide. Old English holiday 

 observed on the second Monday and 

 Tuesday after Easter. Formerly, 

 in rural districts, Hock Tuesday 

 was one of the days on which rent 

 and other regular charges were 

 paid. On Hock Monday it was the 

 custom for the men to bind with 

 ropes every woman or girl they met, 

 releasing her on payment of a small 

 sum of money, which was given to 

 the Church. On Hock Tuesday the 

 women bound the men, freeing 

 them on the same conditions. 



