HODDER & STOUGHTON 



4O 1 7 



HODGSON 



The custom apparently originated 

 about the 12th century, and died 

 out early in the 18th. In London 

 in the 15th and 16th centuries 

 Hocktide was called Hobtide. The 

 old Coventry play of Hock Tuesday, 

 performed before Queen Elizabeth 

 at Kenilworth in 1 575, represented 

 Saxons fighting with Danes and 

 Saxon women binding and leading 

 the Danes captive. 



Hodder & Stoughton. Lon- 

 don publishing house. It was 

 founded by M. H. Hodder and T. 

 W.Stoughtoninl868. In 1902 John 

 Ernest Hodder Williams, who was 

 knighted in 1919, joined the firm. 

 Initial success was achieved with 

 From Log Cabin to White House, 

 a memoir, of President Garfield, of 

 which 250,000 copies were sold. In 

 1885 the Rev. (later Sir) William 

 Robertson Nicoll (q.v. ) took over the 

 editorship of The Expositor, and 

 became editor in chief and literary 

 adviser. In 1886 he started The 

 British Weekly, through the me- 

 dium of which he speedily made 

 himself the chief journalistic force 

 in the Nonconformist world, and 

 a few years afterwards The Book- 

 man. Later the firm became a 

 limited company. 



Hoddesdon. Urban dist. and 

 village of Hertfordshire, England. 

 It is on the river Lea, 4 m. S.E. of 

 Hertford, on the G.E.R., and was 

 a fishing resort of Izaak Walton, in 

 whose book it is mentioned. Market 

 day, Wednesday. Pop. 5,200. 



Hodeida. Seaport of Arabia- 

 It lies about 150 m. N.W. of the 

 strait of Bab el Mandeb, in the 

 Yemen, on the E. coast of the Red 

 Sea. The Turks had a fort there. 

 It has some trade, exporting cotton, 

 millet, and senna. It was occupied 

 during the Great War, by a British 

 garrison, which was attacked by 

 the Imam Yehia, head of the Zaidi 

 sect of Moslems, in Aug., 1919. 

 The British evacuated it in Jan., 

 1921. See Yemen. Pop. 40,000. 



Hodge. Character in William 

 Stevenson's comedy, Gammer Gur- 

 ton's Needle, 1575. He is Gammer 

 Gurton's servant and his name, a 

 nickname for Roger, has since 

 served as a conventional designa- 

 tion for an English farm labourer 

 or countryman. Regarded as more 

 or less of a simpleton, it was the 

 custom to make things of inferior 

 quality for him under the belief 

 that he would not know the 

 difference, hence the hodge-razors 

 referred to in Carlyle's Miscellanies, 

 which were never meant to shave, 

 but only to be sold. 



Hodge, JOHN (b. 1855). British 

 labour leader. Born at Muirkirk, 

 Ayrshire, Oct. 29, 1855, he was 

 educated at Motherwell Ironworks 

 School and Hutchestown Grammar 



School, Glasgow. He formed 

 and became secretary of the 

 British Steel Smelters', Mill, Iron 

 and Tinplate 

 Workers' A s- 

 sociation, and 

 was president 

 of the Trades 

 Union Congress 

 in 1892, and 

 president of the 

 British section 

 of the Inter- 

 national C o n- 

 gress at Zurich, 

 1893. He was 

 elected M.P. for Gorton division of 

 Lancashire in 1906, and was 

 minister of labour 1916 Aug., 

 1917, when he became minister of 

 pensions. When the Labour party 

 decided not to join the Lloyd 

 George ministry in 1919, Hodge 

 resigned. He was acting chair- 

 man of the Labour party in the 



John Hodge, British 

 labour leader 



Hoddesdon. High Street of the Hertford 

 House of Commons, 1915, and took 

 an active part in the formation of 

 the Conciliation Boards, and the 

 King's fund for disabled soldiers. 



Hodgkin, THOMAS (1831-1913). 

 British historian. Born in London, 

 July 29, 1831, of Quaker parentage, 

 Hodgkin was educated at London 

 University and became partner in 

 a bank at Newcastle-on-Tyne. He 

 devoted much time to historical 

 study, and made himself an 

 authority on the so-called dark 

 ages, the period after the fall of the 

 Roman Empire. His greatest wo^k 

 is Italy and her Invaders, 1880-99 ; 

 he also wrote Theodoric the Goth, 

 1891 ; Life of Charles the Great, 

 1897 ; and Vol. 1 of Longman's 

 Political History of England, 1906. 

 He died March 2, 1913. 



spleen is also enlarged in most 

 cases. The patient gradually be- 

 comes anaemic, and the pressim- <.f 

 the enlarged glands upon the wind- 

 pipe may cause difficulty in 

 breathing, or pressure upon the 

 oesophagus difficulty in swallow- 

 ing. v Pressure upon nerves may 

 cause severe pain in various parts 

 of the body. The heart may be dis- 

 placed, and its action interfered 

 with. Death generally occurs in 

 from one to three years. Some- 

 times the disease remains station- 

 ary for prolonged periods, but 

 complete recovery is very rare. 

 The administration of arsenic has 

 often a marked effect in retarding 

 the progress of the disease. 



Hodgkinson, EATON (1789- 

 1861). British mathematician. Born 

 at Anderton, Cheshire, Feb. 29, 

 1789, he worked on a Cheshire 

 farm. In 1811 he moved to Sal- 

 ford, where his aptitude for mathe- 

 matics gained him 

 admission to a 

 brilliant scientific 

 circle. In 1822 

 his paper, On 

 the Transverse 

 Strains and 

 Strength of Mate- 

 rials, in which he 

 fixed the position 

 of the neutral line 

 in sections of rup- 

 ture and fracture, 

 was read to the 

 Literary and 

 Philosophical So- 

 ciety of Manchester. To the same 

 body he communicated the result of 

 his studies in the strength of iron 

 beams, which were eventually em- 

 bodied in the Hodgkinson beam. 

 He was consulted by Stephenson 

 with regard to the construction of 

 the Britannia Bridge, and his 

 opinion was sought on many en- 

 gineering problems of his day. He 

 died at Higher Broughton, Man- 

 chester, June 18, 1861. 



Hodgson, SHADWOKTH HOLLWAY 

 (1832-1912). British metaphy- 

 sician. Born at Boston, Lincoln- 

 shire, Dec. 25, 1832, he was edu- 

 cated at Rugby and Oxford. Ac- 

 cording to him, objectivity is 

 nothing in itself beyond conscious- 

 ness, but something belonging to 

 consciousness. Existence is pres- 

 ence in consciousness. Physical 

 but 



Hodekin's Disease OB LYMPH- 

 ADENOMA Disease characterised happenings are not causes bi 

 " the "real conditions of psychical 



by gradual enlargement of 

 lymphatic glands throughout the 

 body. The cause is unknown. 

 Young male persons are most fre- 

 quently affected. The glands in 

 the neck are usually the first to 

 become enlarged, and thereafter 

 the condition slowly spreads to 

 the glands in the armpit, the groin, 

 the chest, and the abdomen. The 



happenings. This view he declared 

 to be identical with those put 

 forward in the Platonic dialogue 

 Pannenides that the phenomenal 

 world only exists in PO far as it 

 is the manifestation of the idea, 

 hi other words, that being and 

 thought are the same. The most 

 important of his works are Time 



