HOFER 



4019 



HOFMEYR 



Hofer, ANDREAS (1767-1810). 

 Tirolese patriot. Born at St. Leo- 

 nard, in the Passeier valley, Tirol, 

 Nov. 22, 1767, he inherited his 

 father's business as an innkeeper 

 In 1797 he enlisted a body of sharp- 

 shooters to drive the French from 

 the neighbourhood of Lake Garda, 

 and in 1805 he led his troops 

 against Ney. By the treaty of 

 Pressburg, 1805, Tirol passed into 

 the power of France and was joined 

 to Bavaria, but Hofer led a secret 

 agitation in favour of annexation 

 to Austria. On the outbreak of 

 war between that country and 



Anareas no.ei. monument by 



Natter, erected at Berg Isel, near 



Innsbruck, in 1893 



France in 1809, he defeated the 

 Bavarians at Sterzing and Inns- 

 bruck, and drove them from 

 Tirol. Lefebvre's army, sent by 

 Napoleon to stamp out this in- 

 surrection, was beaten at Berg 

 Isel, but by the treaty of Schon- 

 brunn Austria abandoned the 

 country to the French, who cap- 

 tured Hofer, took him to Mantua, 

 and there shot him, Feb. 20, 1810. 

 Hoffding, HARALD (b. 1843) 

 Danish author and philosopher 

 Born in Copenhagen, March 11, 

 1843 he published German Philos- 

 ophy after Hegel in 1872, followed 

 by Contemporary English Philo- 

 sophy, 1874; The Foundation of 

 Ethics, 1876; Charles Darwin, 

 1889 ; The Ethics of John Stuart 

 Mill, 1909 ; and Henri Bergson's 

 Philosophy, 1914. There are Eng. 

 trans, of his History of Modern 

 Philosophy, 1900, Briet History 

 of Modern Philosophy, 1912; and 

 Modem Philosophy and Lectures 

 on Bergson, 1915 



A. H. Hoffmann, 

 German poet 



Hoffmann, AUGUST HEINBICH 

 (1798-1874). German poet and 

 scholar. He was born, April 2, 

 1798, at Fal- 

 lersleben, i n 

 Luneberg, and 

 is hence some- 

 times known 

 as Hoffmann 

 von Fallers- 

 leben. He was 

 librarian at 

 Breslau Uni- 

 versity, 1823- 

 38, and pro- 

 fessor there, 1835-42. The publi- 

 cation of his Unpolitische Lieder 

 (Unpolitical Songs), 1841-42, 

 caused his dismissal. He produced 

 Deutschland, Deutschland uber 

 Alles, 1841, which took the position 

 of the national song of the German 

 Empire. Versatile and prolific in 

 lyrics inspired by love, wine, 

 patriotism, and good fellowship, 

 his songs enjoyed a great vogue. 

 He wrote much on early German 

 literature, hymnology, and philo- 

 logy. He died at Corvei, Jan. 19, 

 1874. See his Mein Leben (Auto- 

 biography), 1868-70. 



Hoffmann, ERNST THEODOR 

 AMADEUS (1776-1822). German 

 author. Born at Konigsberg, 

 Jan. 24, 1776, he studied law but 

 spent much time wandering about 

 Germany, supporting himself by 

 writing and portrait painting, 

 composing, and managing provin- 

 c i a 1 theatres 

 In 1816 he be- 

 came chancel- 

 lor of the court 

 of appeal at 

 Berlin, and 

 about this time 

 adopted the 

 name of Ama 

 deus in place 

 of his baptis- 

 mal Wilhelm, 

 in honour of Mozart, to whom he 

 was devoted. The short stories and 

 essays he had published in 1814- 

 15 in Phantasiestucke had been 

 well received, and the following 

 year the novel Die Elixiere des 

 Teufels made him famous. Nacht- 

 stiicke, 1817, and Die Serapions- 

 briider, 1819-21, contain short 

 stories which occupy a prominent 

 place in the romantic literature of 

 the period 



Extraordinarily prolific, Hoff- 

 mann composed, painted, and wrote 

 with equal grace, and became the 

 centre of a large circle of musical 

 and literary talent His influence 

 on the work of Schumann was 

 especially marked, the composer 

 owing much of his inspiration to 

 Hoffmann's stories. He died June 

 25 1822. Much of his work has 

 been translated into English. 



E. T. A. Hoffmann, 

 German author 



A. W. HoJmann, 

 German chemist 



Hofhuf OR HOFUF, EL. Town of 

 Arabia, the capital of El Hasa 

 It is situated about 40 m. inland 

 from the Persian Gulf, and is on the 

 Pilgrims 1 Road through Nejd to 

 Mecca. With Mubarriz it forms 

 the two great urban centres in the 

 great oasis in the S. of El Hasa. 

 Pop. est 40,000. 



Hofmann, AUGUST WIMBLM 

 (1818-92). A German chemist. 

 Born at Giessen, April 8, 1818, he 

 studied chem- 

 istry n n d er 

 Lie Dig in his 

 native town. 

 In 1848 be was 

 appointed 

 superinten- 

 dent of the 

 Royal College 

 of Chemistry, 

 London, after- 

 wards incorpo 

 rated in the Imperial College ot 

 Science at S. Kensington. He re 

 mained in London until 1863. when 

 he was appointed professor ot 

 chemistry in Berlin, a position 

 which he held until his death. 



To him is due the discovery ol 

 the composition of rosaniline, which 

 was of great technical importance 

 in the early days of the coal-tar 

 colour industry He discovered a 

 beautiful aniline dye known as Hot 

 mann violet After he returned to 

 Germany he founded (1868) a 

 chemical society on the model ot 

 the London society. He died in 

 Berlin. May 5, 1892. 



Hofmann, JOSEI CASIMFR (b 

 1876) Polish pianist Born at 

 Cracow Jan. 20, 1876, the son ot a 

 professor at the Warsaw conserva 

 toire, he studied under his. lather 

 and under Rubenstcin, and as a 

 youthful prodigy went on tour 

 in Europe and America. In 1888 

 he retired tor six years from public 

 life, but after a further period ol 

 study reappeared and took a high 

 place among contemporary music 

 ians, appearing in London in Oct.. 

 1920, for the first time since 1903. 



Hofmeyr, JAN HENDRIK (1845- 

 1909). S. African politician. Born 

 in Cape Town. July 4 1845. he 

 took up jour 

 nalism and in 

 1879 was 

 elected M.P 

 for Stellen- 

 bosch in the 



Cape parlia- I , " -*& 

 m e n t, where 

 his strong 

 Dutch sympa- 



notice. In 1878 he organized 

 the Dutch farmers and by means 

 of the Afrikander Bond welded 

 the Dutch element into a 



