HOLBORN 



4026 



HOLDEN 



Holborn borough 

 arms 



Holborn. Parl. and mun. bor. 

 and district of London. The bor. 

 covers 405 acres and extends from 

 Tottenham Court 

 Road on the W. 

 to Far ringdon 

 Road, E., mainly 

 N. of New Ox- 

 ford Street and 

 High Holborn. 

 Near Staple Inn 

 two obelisks 

 mark the site of 

 Holborn Bars, destroyed in 1867, 

 indicating the W. boundary of the 

 city. The main road formed part 

 of the old way from the Tower and 

 Newgate to Tyburn. 



The district includes the British 

 and Soane Museums, Lincoln's 

 Inn, Gray's Inn, Staple Inn, the 

 sites of Barnard's Inn (since 1894 

 occupied by the Mercers' schools), 

 Furnival's Inn, and Thavie's Inn ; 

 the churches of S. Alban (1858), 

 S. Andrew (1686), S. George, 

 Bloomsbury (1731), S. Giles-in- 

 the-Fields (1731-33), and the 14th 

 century chapel of S. Etheldreda ; 

 the famous Hospital for Sick Chil- 

 dren ; Bedford, Russell, Queen, 

 and Red Lion Squares ; Hatton 

 Garden and Saffron Hill : and 



Holbrook, NORMAN DOUGLAS 

 (b. 1884). British sailor. In the 

 submarine branch he served in the 

 Mediterranean 

 in the early 

 days of the 

 Great War, 

 and on Dec. 

 13, 1914, com- 

 manding sub- 

 marine B 11, 

 he dived be- 

 neath five rows 



Holborn, London. Old houses at Staple Inn, dating from 

 Elizabethan days, restored in 1886 



stations on the S.E. & C.R. and two 

 tube rlys. The council has hand- 

 some buildings in High Holborn, 

 which in 1908 took the place of the 

 town hall in Gray's Inn Road, now 

 a Primitive Methodist centre. 



Holborn Viaduct, 1,400 ft. long 

 and 80 ft. wide, including an iron 

 bridge of 107 ft., was constructed 

 in 1867-69, at a cost of 1,571,000, 

 to carry the roadway over the 

 valley of the Holebourne, part of 

 the Fleet (q.v. ), whence Holborn 

 derives its name. On the viaduct 

 is the City Temple (q.v. ). Holborn, 

 which had as its first mayor, in 

 1900, the llth duke of Bedford, 

 contains many large business 

 premises ; it returns one member to 

 Parliament. Pop. pf bor. 42,796. 

 See Farringdon Street, London. 



and torpedoed 

 the Turkish battleship Messudiyeh. 

 Pursued by heavy gunfire and 

 chased by torpedo boats, he re- 

 turned safely, having on one occa- 

 sion been submerged nine hours. 

 For this action he was awarded the 

 Victoria Cross, the first awarded to 

 the Navy in the Great War. 



Holbrooke, JOSEF CHARLES 

 (b. 1878). British composer. Bora 

 at Croydon, July 6, 1878, he 

 studied at the Royal Academy of 

 Music, and became a pianist and 

 then a conductor. In 1901 he pro- 

 duced his tone poem The Raven, 

 and during the next fifteen years 

 wrote a vast number of popular 

 musical works. 

 | These included 

 five operas, more 

 than a hundred 

 songs, and much 

 chamber and or- 

 chestral music. He 

 is a composer of 

 distinctly modern 

 tendencies, which 

 have been re- 

 vealed chiefly 

 through the me- 

 dium of the 

 orchestra. 



H olcr of t, 

 THOMAS (1745- 

 1809). English 

 dramatist and 

 novelist. He was 

 born in Orange Court, Leicester 

 Fields, London, Dec. 10, 1745, 

 the son of a shoemaker and job- 

 master. After a chequered early 



life, at one period of which he 

 had a situation in the household 

 of Granville Sharp, he became 

 connected with 

 the stage, and 

 his first novel, 

 Alwyn, or the 

 G e ntlem an 

 Comedian, 

 1780, embod- 

 ies many of 

 his own ex- 

 periences. In 



Thomas Holcroit, 

 English dramatist 



the following 

 year appeared 

 his first play, Duplicity. He wrote 

 four novels in all, and wrote, trans- 

 lated, or adapted some thirty plays. 

 The most notable of the latter is 

 The Road to Ruin, 1792. He died 

 in London, March 23, 1809. , 



Hoi da. Goddess of Teutonic 

 mythology. Represented as benig- 

 nant and merciful, she is a familiar 

 figure in German popular legends 

 and nursery tales. She is regarded 

 as a being of the sky, and when it 

 snows is said to be making her bed 

 so that the feathers fly. She drives 

 about in a wagon, and is the god- 

 dess of spinning, of agriculture, 

 and household order. 



Holden, SIR EDWARD HOPKIN- 

 SON (1848-1919). British banker. 

 Born in Manchester, May 11, 1848, 



he entered the 



Manchester 

 County Bank 

 as a junior 

 clerk in 1866. 

 Havingstudied 

 economics 

 at Owens Col- 

 lege, in 1881 he 

 became ac- 

 countant to the 

 Birmingham 

 and Midland 



Sir Edward Holden, 

 British banker 



Holborn Viaduct, London, constructed 

 in 1867-69 



Elliott & Fry 



Bank, and, rising rapidly, became 

 general manager. In 1891 his Bir- 

 mingham banktookover theCentral 

 Bank of London. In 1898 the City 

 Bank was absorbed, and it became 

 known as the London, City and 

 Midland Bank (q.v.) ; of this or- 

 ganization Holden was made man- 

 aging director, and later chairman 

 of the board in addition, and to 

 the end he was the guiding spirit 

 of the huge concern. 



One after another other banks 

 were taken over, until in 1918 the 

 London Joint Stock Bank was in- 

 corporated, and the organization 

 became the largest in the country. 

 From 1906 to 1910 Holden was 

 M.P. for the Heywood division of 

 Lancashire, but made little mark 

 in the House. In his later years, 

 however, he was the leading figure 

 in the banking world of London, 

 and his annual addresses to the 

 shareholders, wide and careful 

 surveys of the general financial and 



