HOLDEN 



4O27 



HOLINSHED 



economic conditions, were read 

 with universal interest. In 1909 

 he was made a baronet. He died 

 July 23, 1919, leaving two sons. 



Hplden, SIB ISAAC (1807-97). 

 British manufacturer. Born at 

 Hurlet, near Paisley, May 7, 1807, 

 his father was a 

 miner who had 

 migrated from 

 C umberland. 

 Having man- 

 aged to educate 

 himself in his 

 spare time, he 

 became a tea- 

 cher in Paisley 

 Sir Isaac Holden, in 1823, and 

 British manufacturer later in Leeds< 



His connexion with the woollen 

 trade began in 1830, when he se- 

 cured an appointment as book- 

 keeper to a firm at Cullingworth, 

 Yorkshire. He invented a wool- 

 combing machine, which proved 

 the foundation of his fortune. He 

 was joined by Samuel C. Lister, 

 afterwards Lord Masham, but after 

 a few years each developed his 

 own business. Holden founded 

 the firm of Isaac Holden & Sons, 

 a wool-combing c6ncern at Brad- 

 ford with a factory in France. In 

 1865 he was elected Liberal M.P. 

 for Knaresborough, for which 

 place he sat until 1868. From 

 1882-85 he was M.P. for the W.R., 

 Yorkshire, and from 1885-95 for 

 Keighley. He was made a baronet in 

 1893, and died Aug. 13, 1897. His 

 son, Sir Angus Holden, was made 

 Baron Holden of Alston in 1908. 



Holder. In banking, any person 

 in possession of a bill who holds 

 it either as payee, indorsee, or 

 bearer. (See Bill of Exchange.) 



Generally the word is used for 

 any contrivance in which some- 

 thing is held or secured. In en- 

 gineering, the adjustable clamp 

 for holding the armature brushes 

 of dynamos and motors is called a 

 holder, and many other clamps in 

 electrical work are known by the 

 term. Either of the two loops at- 

 tached to the reins for holding a 

 pulling horse is a holder. 



Holderness. Parl. division and 

 wapentake of the E. Riding of 

 Yorkshire, England. It is the most 

 S.E. portion of the county, lying 

 N. of the Humber, and terminating 

 in Spurn Head, and contains the 

 towns of Beverley, Hedon, Horn- 

 sea, and Patrington. The division 

 returns one member to Parliament. 

 Here in 1916 the Government 

 established the first farm colony 

 for ex-soldiers. Pop. 45,410. 



Holderness, EARL OF. English 

 title now extinct. Its first holder 

 was John Ramsay (c. 1580-1626), 

 a Scotsman, who in 1621 was 

 made an English peer by James I. 



Sir Thomas Holdich, 

 British geographer 



Russell 



The peerage became extinct on his 

 death in 1626. Revived in 1644, 

 it was given to Prince Rupert, and 

 on his death in 1682 to Conyers 

 Darcy (1599-1689), who belonged 

 to an old Yorkshire family, holders 

 of the baronies of Conyers and 

 Darcy. There were four earls of 

 this line. Robert, the 4th earl 

 (1718-78), was ambassador at 

 Venice and The Hague ; afterwards 

 he was secretary of state, 1751-61. 

 He died without sons, his estates 

 passing to his daughter, wife of 

 Francis Os borne, 5th duke of 

 Leeds. The earl's chief seat was 

 Hornby Castle, Bedale, now the 

 property of the duke of Leeds. 



Holdich, SIB THOMAS HUNGER- 

 FOBD (b. 1843). British geographer. 

 Born at Dingley, Northants, Feb. 

 13, 1843, he 

 was commis- 

 sioned in the 

 Royal Engi- 

 neers in 1862. 

 He served with 

 the Bhutan 

 expedition in 

 1865, and in 

 Abyssinia in 

 1867, took part 

 in the Afghan 

 War of 1878- 

 80, and, after service in various 

 frontier campaigns, was appointed 

 superintendent of frontier surveys 

 in India, 1892-98. Knighted in 

 1897, he was H.M. commissioner 

 for the Argentina-Chile boundary, 

 1902-3, and was president of the 

 Royal Geographical Society in 1917. 

 He wrote papers on military survey 

 and geographical subjects, and 

 various books of travel, including 

 The Gates of India, 1910. 



Holding. Term used in Great 

 Britain in the Agricultural Hold- 

 ings Acts. It signifies a farm, or land 

 with or without buildings, princi- 

 pally or mainly used for purposes of 

 agriculture or market gardening! 

 See Agricultural Holdings Act. 



Holding over. Term of English 

 law. It means keeping possession 

 of land by a tenant after his ten- 

 ancy has legally expired. If a 

 tenant holds over after he himself 

 has given notice to quit, he is 

 liable to pay double the rent. If 

 he holds over after the landlord 

 has given him notice to quit, he 

 is liable to pay double the value of 

 the premises, but there must be a 

 notice in writing by the landlord or 

 his agent demanding the giving up 

 of the premises. See Landlord. 



Hole, SAMUEL REYNOLDS (1819- 

 1904). British divine. Born at 

 Ardwick, Lancashire, Dec. 5, 1819, 

 he was the son of a brewer, who 

 was also the squire of Caunton, 

 near Newark. From Newark 

 Grammar School Hole went to 



Samuel R. Hole, 

 British divine 



Elliott & Fry 



Brasenose College, Oxford. II- 

 was ordained in 1844, and was 

 first curate, and then vicar, of 

 Caunton, and squire of the place. 

 In 1887 he accepted the post of 

 dean of Roches- 

 ter, where he 

 died Aug. 27, 

 1904. Hole was 

 a fine example 

 of the muscular 

 Christian and 

 sporting p a r- 

 son. He played 

 cricket, rode to 

 hounds, and 

 took part in al- 

 most every 

 form of physical activity ; he was 

 intimate with John Leech, and 

 others of the Punch circle. He had 

 also a high reputation as a rose 

 grower, and his most popular book 

 is A Book about Roses, 1869. His 

 Memories, 1892, and More Memories, 

 1894, are full of good stories. He 

 also wrote A Little Tour in Ireland, 

 1859, illustrated by Leech, and A 

 Little Tour in America, 1895. 



Hole, WILLIAM (1846-1917). 

 British painter and etcher. Born 

 at Salisbury, Nov. 7, 1846, he 

 started life as a civil engineer, but 

 adopted art as a profession in 1870, 

 and, having removed to Edinburgh, 

 studied at the schools of the R.S.A. 

 Jacobite subjects and modern 

 Scottish genre first occupied him 

 in painting ; at the same time he 

 developed original and repro- 

 ductive etching. He executed im- 

 portant mural paintings in the 

 National Gallery and Municipal 

 Buildings, Edinburgh. He became 

 A.R.S.A., 1878, and full member, 

 1889. He died Oct. 24, 1917. A 

 memoir by his wife was published 

 in 1920. See Columba, S. 



Holguin. City of Cuba. It is 

 situated 65 m. N.W. of Santiago de 

 Cuba, and 15 m. S. of Gibara, its 

 port, with which there is rly. com- 

 munication. Corn, timber, tobacco, 

 and cattle are exported, and sugar 

 is grown in the district. It was 

 founded in 1720, and became a city 

 in 1751. Pop. 7,600. 



Holiday. Day of freedom from 

 work. The word, derived from 

 holy day or festival of the Church, 

 implies usually a time given up to 

 individual or collective enjoyment, 

 gaiety, and pleasure. The period 

 of freedom from work, more par- 

 ticularly in the summer time, known 

 as holidays, is sometimes called a 

 vacation, especially where the law 

 courts, schools, and colleges are 

 concerned. See Bank Holiday. 



Holinshed, RAPHAEL (c. 1520- 

 80). English chronicler. He was 

 employed as translator by Regi- 

 nald Wolfe, printer to Queen Eliza- 

 beth. Wolfe planned a universal 



