HOLLOWAY 



HOLLYHOCK 



John Hollingshead, 



British theatrical 



manager 



Elliott & Fry 



pen, such as that for the better 

 government of London, and the agi- 

 tation for copyright reform. After 

 three years as 

 stage director 

 of The Alham- 

 bra, where he 

 introduced 

 some much- 

 needed re- 

 forms, in 1868 

 he became 

 manager of 

 the Gaiety 

 Theatre in the 

 Strand, where 

 he had many successes in various 

 forms of the drama. He died Oct. 

 10, 1904. See My Lifetime, 1895, 

 and Gaiety Chronicles, 1898. 



Hollo way. Name of two wards, 

 Upper and Lower Holloway, in the 

 met. bor. of Islington, London, 

 N. The district includes the 

 Great Northern Central Hospital, 

 1856, rebuilt 1892, and enlarged 

 1909 ; the Caledonian (Metropolitan 

 Cattle) Market, 1855, enlarged 

 1907 ; Pentonville prison, 1840-42 ; 

 the Athenaeum, 1871 ; Nor- 

 thern Polytechnic, opened 1897 ; 

 and two hostelries of note, the 

 Brecknock Arms, at the junction 

 of Camden and Brecknock Roads, 

 and the Nag's Head, at Holloway 

 Road corner of Seven Sisters Road. 

 Holloway prison, a castellated 

 structure built in 1853-54, has ac- 

 commodation for 1,000 prisoners, 

 mostly women serving short sen- 

 tences. Women sentenced in con- 

 nexion with the suffrage agitation 

 before the Great War were sent to 

 Holloway prison, where they went 

 on hunger strike (q.v.) and had to 

 be forcibly fed by the medical 

 officers. Their supporters demon- 

 strated outside the prison. 



Upper Holloway Baptist Chapel, 

 long associated with the ministry 

 of the Rev. J. R. Wood, was built 

 in 1866. Islington's first public 

 library was opened in 1906 in 

 Manor Gardens. There are stations 

 on the Midland, G.N., and Picca- 

 dilly (Tube) Rlys., and continuous 

 'bus and tram services. Holloway 

 suffered damage from air raids dur- 

 ing the Great War. See Air Raids. 

 Holloway, THOMAS (1800-83). 

 Patent medicine maker. Born at 

 Devonport, Sept. 22, 1800, the son 

 of a Plymouth 

 baker, he came 

 to London in 

 1828, and nine 

 , years later con- 

 cocted an oint- 

 ment and a pill 

 which he ad- 

 vertised exten- 

 sively. Hissuc- 

 cesswas largely 

 due to the fear- 



lessness with which he spent large 

 sums of money in advertising, a 

 business medium then but little 

 appreciated. He acquired a hand- 

 some fortune, and, on Lord Shaf tes- 

 bury's advice, set aside a large sum 

 of money to found a sanatorium, 

 which was opened at Virginia Water 

 in 1885. He also founded the Hoi- 

 loway College, and formed a picture 

 gallery on which he spent more 



Holloway. 



The prison in Camden Road, sometimes 

 called Holloway Castle 



than 83,000. He died at Titten- 

 hurst, Berkshire, Dec. 26, 1883. 



Holloway College. British 

 college for the higher education of 

 middle-class girls. It was founded 

 in 1883 by Thomas Holloway, at 

 a cost of 600,000. Built in the 

 French Renaissance style at Mount 

 Lee, Egham, Surrey, near Virginia 

 Water, it was opened by Queen 

 Victoria in 1886. It accommo- 

 dates about 350 students, who 



V 



r 



Holly. Leaves 

 and berries of 

 Ilex Hendersoni. 

 Top, leaves and 

 berries of the British 

 species 



are prepared 

 for London 

 University de- 

 grees, and 

 must read for 

 honours. The 

 college con- 

 tains a fine 

 collection of 

 pictures by 

 modern artists, 

 e.g. Constable, 

 Millais; and 

 has a richly 

 ornamented 

 chapel. 

 holen, holeyn). 



green, though there are smooth 

 and variegated sorts, and tho n-<l 

 or yellow berries are borne in 

 winter. Hollies should bo plant < ->\ 

 in late spring and early autumn, 

 while the soil is still warm. Any 

 ordinary soil is suitable, provide I 

 the young plants are put in deeply, 

 so that the roots are adequately 

 protected against frost. Holly 

 makes one of the best hedges, but 

 it is of slow 

 growth, and needs 

 constant clipping, 

 and occasional 

 drastic pruning, to 

 keep it within 

 bounds. Hollies 

 are increased by 

 taking the berries 

 of any desired 

 varieties when 

 ripe, just before 

 Christmas, bury- 

 ing them in sand 

 for twelve months, 

 and then planting them in the open, 

 transplanting the young trees three 

 years afterwards. /. paraguayensii, 

 which yields mate, or Paraguay 

 tea, needs greenhouse treatment, 

 in loam and sand. 



Hollyhock (med. Eng. holihok, 

 holy hock or mallow) (Althaea 

 rosea). Hardy perennial herb of 

 the natural order Malvaceae. A 

 native of China, it was introduced 

 in 1573. The leaves are large, rough 

 and rounded, and it bears a single 

 spike (8 ft. to 10 ft.) of white, pink, 

 yellow, or purple flowers, either 

 single or double. Its height makes 

 it very suitable for hiding an ugly 

 wall or fence in the hardy herba- 

 ceous border, and it will thrive in 

 any soil that is not too light 

 By planting deeply and fertilising 

 liberally with nitrate of soda in 

 the height of summer, a pro- 

 fusion of bloom and a variety of 

 " sports " or varying colours are 

 readily obtainable. These new 

 varieties are best propagated from 

 seed gathered after the flower 

 stems have died down, and planted 

 in a temperature averaging 55 in 



Thomas Holloway, 



Patent medicine 



maker 



Holly (A.S. 



Hardy evergreen tree of the natural 

 order Aquifoliaceae, and genus Ilex. 

 Ilex aquifolium is a native of 

 Britain, but foreign species were 

 introduced from N. America as 

 far back as the year 1726. The 

 leaves are usually spiny and dark 



Hollyhock, leaves and flowers, 

 bottom, right, the "cheese" con- 

 taining seeds, and a single seed 



