MIDLANDS 



5398 



MIDLOTHIAN 



addition to the places mentioned, 

 Manchester. Birmingham, Leices- 

 ter, Leeds. Nottingham, Bradford, 

 Sheffield and 

 other towns in 

 Yorkshire, Lan- 

 cashire, the Mid- 

 lands and the 

 west of England, 

 while it extends 

 also into S. Wales 



and the 

 Midland Railway counties. 



eastern 

 It owns 



arms the London, Til- 



bury and Southend line, has 

 joint lines with the L. & N.W. 

 and L. & S.W. Rlys., and running 

 powers over other lines. The com- 

 pany owns docks and other har- 

 bour works at Heysham, whence 

 its steamers go to Belfast and else- 

 where. Steamers also go between 

 Tilbury and Gravesend. The 

 headquarters are at Derby, where 

 are the main shops of the com 

 pany, others being at Plaistow. 

 It has a large goods dept. at Somers 

 Town, and owns 47 m. of canal. 

 The total mileage, single track, 

 is 6,625 and the paid-up capital 

 204,000,000. 



The company was formed in 

 1844 by an amalgamation of three 

 lines in the midland counties, the 

 N. Midland, the Midland Counties 

 and the Birmingham and Derby. 

 In 1862 an extension to London 

 was begun, and between then and 

 1900 branch lines were constructed 

 or acquired. By the grouping 

 scheme of 1921 it became part of the 

 London, Midland and Scottish Ely. 

 Midlands. Term used for the 

 counties in the middle of England. 

 The limits of the Midlands cannot 

 be exactly denned, but they lie 

 approximately between Yorkshire 

 and the Thames, and between 

 East Anglia and the counties on 

 the Welsh border. The Midland 

 circuit' includes Lincolnshire, Not- 

 tinghamshire, Derbyshire, Leices- 

 tershire, Rutland, Northampton- 

 shire, Warwickshire, and Worces- 

 tershire. The terms E. Midlands, 

 N. Midlands, and S. Midlands are 

 also used. 



Midleton OR MIDDLE-TON. 

 Market town and urban dist. of co. 

 Cork, Ireland. It stands on the 

 Owencurra, 

 which enters 

 Cork harbour 

 just below the 

 town, 13 m. from 

 Cork with a sta- 

 tion on the G.S. 

 &.W.Rly. There 

 is a grammar 

 school founded 

 in 1709. Midleton was represented 

 in the Irish parliament until 1800. 

 There was a Cistercian abbey here. 

 Market day, Sat. Pop. 4,000. 



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 of Forth, rich in antiquarian and literary associations 



Midleton, ST. JOHN BRODRICK, 

 1 ST EARL OF ( b. 1 856 ). British poli- 

 tician. Born Dec. 14, 1856, the eldest 

 son of the 8th 

 Viscount 

 Midleton 

 (1830- 1907), 

 he was edu- 

 cated at Eton 

 and Balliol 

 College, x- 

 ford, and be- 

 came M.P. for 

 West Surrey 

 in 1880. In 



1st Earl oi Midleton, 

 British politician 



ceeded to the peerage. Brodrick 

 began his official career as a 

 Conservative politician in 1886 

 by being made financial secre- 

 tary to the war office. In 1895 

 he was made under-secretary of 

 state for war ; in 1898 under- 

 secretary for foreign affairs, and in 

 1900 he succeeded Lord Lans- 

 downe as secretary for war. In 

 1903 he was transferred to the 

 post of secretary of state for India, 

 and he left office with his col- 

 leagues in 1905. Lord Midleton 

 was a leading figure among the 

 Irish Unionists in the discussions 

 on the settlement of Ireland, 1921. 

 In 1920 he was made an earl. 



The Irish 'title of Viscount 

 Midleton, taken from a small place 

 in Co. Cork, was given in 1717 to 

 Alan Brodrick (d. 1728). The 4th 

 viscount was made a peer of the 

 United Kingdom in 1796. The 

 family seats are Peper Harow, 

 Godalming, and at Midleton. 



Midlothian OR EDINBURGH - 

 SHIRE. County of Scotland. It has 

 a coastline of 12 m. on the Firth of 

 Forth, its other boundaries being 



counties. Its area is 370 sq. m. 



this including the island of Cra- 

 mond. The area 

 is hilly, save on 

 the coast ; herein 

 are the Pentland 

 and Moorfoot 

 Hills, with several 

 peaks over 1,500 

 ft. high, as well as 



Midlothian arms Artnur>s Seat and 

 other heights 

 around Edinburgh (q.v.). The 

 chief rivers are the Esk, Water 

 of Leith, Almond, and Gala. 

 Edinburgh is the capital. In the 

 county, too, are Leith, now part 

 of Edinburgh, Dalkeith, Mussel- 

 burgh, Mid-Calder and Penicuik, 

 as well as such picturesque spots as 

 Roslin, Hawthornden, and New- 

 battle. Oats, barley, turnips, etc., 

 are grown ; horses, cattle, sheep 

 and pigs are reared. The county 

 also produces coal, building stone, 

 limestone, and oil from shales. 

 Market gardening is carried on 

 near Edinburgh. Outside Edin- 

 burgh the chief manufacture is 

 paper. The county is served by 

 the N.B. and Cal. Rlys., and the 

 Union Canal. Apart from Edin- 

 burgh, the county sends, with 

 Peeblesshire, two members to 

 Parliament. 



As the district around Edin- 

 burgh, Midlothian is rich in anti- 

 quarian and historic remains. Be- 

 fore the Norman Conquest the 

 county was part of Northumbria. 

 There are ruined castles at Borth- 

 wick, Crichton and Craigmillar. 

 Rullion Green and Pinkie are 

 battlefields. The earl of Rose- 

 bery is also earl of Midlothian. 

 Pop. (1921) 506,378. 



