MORGAN 



3329 



MORHANGE 





poems, but her 

 reputation was 

 made as a 



Morgan, LADY SYDNEY (1783- 

 1859). British novelist. Born in 

 Diililin. the daughter of an actor, 

 Robert Owen- 

 son, she was 

 for a time a 

 governess. She 

 showed, how- 

 ever, a capa- 

 city for writ- 

 ing, and pub- 

 lished some 

 



Lady Sydney Morgan, 

 British novelist 



novelist. Beginning with St. Clair, 

 the best known of hor 20 books 

 are The Wild Irish Girl, 1806, 

 and O'Donnell, 1814. In 1812 she 

 married Thomas, afterwards Sir 

 Thomas, Morgan, a doctor. Her 

 writings deal mainly with Irish life, 

 and she wrote of Ireland in a 

 patriotic spirit ; she also wrote 

 about Italy. She died in London, 

 April 14, 1859. See Autobiography. 

 Diaries and Correspondence, ed. 

 W. H. Dixon, 1862. 



Morgan, THOMAS (d. 1743). 

 English writer. About 1700 he be- 

 came an independent minister at 

 Burton in Somerset, his native 

 county, and afterwards at Frome 

 and Marlborough, but his ad- 

 vanced views led, after a few years, 

 to the loss of his office. He then 

 devoted himself to religious con- 

 troversy and made a reputation in 

 that capacity, his opinions being 

 akin to those of the Deists. He 

 wrote The Moral Philosopher, 

 1736, and other works on that sub- 

 ject ; also The Philosophical 

 Principles of Medicine, a subject he 

 Lad also studied. He contributed 

 many tracts on the Trinitarian con- 

 troversy, reprinted in book form 

 1730. Morgan died Jan. 14, 1743. 



Morganatic Marriage. Union 

 of a member of a royal or princely 

 family with one of lower rank. The 

 marriage, which was usual in 

 Europe, especially among Teutonic 

 peoples, is binding and the child- 

 ren are legitimate ; but they are 

 debarred from succeeding to their 

 father's titles and inheritance, and 

 occupy a position assigned to 

 them by the morganatic contract. 

 These unions are sometimes called 

 left-handed marriages, because the 

 left hand was given in the mar- 

 riage ceremony instead of the 

 right. The word comes from the 

 German morgen, referring to the 

 morgengabe, or morning gift for- 

 merly made by the husband to his 

 wife on the morning after the 

 marriage night. In Great Britain 

 morganatic marriage, as such, is not 

 recognized, but the Royal Marriage 

 Act requires the consent of the 

 sovereign to the marriage of per- 

 sons of the blood royal. 



Morgan le Fay, MOROAW OB 

 MORGUE. One of the three half- 

 sisters of King Arthur in the 

 Arthurian legends. She is other- 

 wise represented as a fay or fairy, 

 with the power of assuming 

 various forma Her part in the 

 Arthurian stories varies greatly 

 in the different versions. In 

 Malory's Mortc d* Arthur she is 

 said to be married to King Uriens 

 of the land of Gore, and to have 

 been one of the three queens who 

 bore the stricken Arthur to the isle 

 of Avalon. In Italian legends her 

 name, Fata Morgana ('/.'.), is given 

 to a mirage in the Straits of Messina. 

 > Morgantown. City of Monon- 

 galia, co. West Virginia, U.S.A. It 

 stands on the Monongahela river, 

 which is navigable here, and on two 

 lines of rly. It has manufactures 

 of glass, cigars, etc., but is chiefly 

 known as an educational centre, 

 for here is the university of W. 

 Virginia founded in 1868 by the 

 union of three existing colleges. 

 The town was founded about 1770 

 by a man named Morgan, was given 

 a corporation in 1785, and made a 

 city in 1905. Pop. 9,200. 



Morgarten. Mountain of Switz- 

 erland. It stands in the centre of 

 Zug, at the S.E. end of the Lake 

 Aegeri, near Settel station on the 

 rly. from Zurich to Schwyz. In 

 1315 trouble arose between the 

 men of Schwyz and the Hapsburgs, 

 the lords of the country. Leopold 

 of Hapsburg collected an army of 

 15,000 men at Zug and marched 

 towards Schwyz. To reach the 

 town, his men pressed up the lower 

 slopes of Morgarten, where about 

 1,500 Swiss were waiting for them, 

 Nov. 15, 1315. Boulders and trunks 

 of trees were rolled upon them as 

 they advanced, and in the end they 

 were driven down to the lake. This 

 was the beginning of the struggle 

 that ended in the freedom of the 

 Swiss. A monument marks the site 

 of the battle. See Switzerland. 



Morgat. Village of France, in 

 the dept of Finistere. It lies near 

 Crozon on the bay of Douarnenez, 

 5 m. N. of the Cap de la Chevre, 

 and is noted as a bathing resort. 

 Pop. 400. See Grotto. 



Morgen (Ger. morning). Word 

 used in Scandinavia, Prussia, Hol- 

 land, and especially in S. Africa as 

 a measure of land. In S. Africa a 

 morgen is about two acres, in 

 Prussia and Scandinavia it is less 

 than one. It is supposed that the 

 word in this sense originated in 

 the amount of land ploughed during 

 a morning. 



Morgen, CURT VON (b. 1858). 

 German soldier. The son of General 

 M. von Morgen, he was born at 

 Neisse, Nov. 1, 1858, and educated 

 in the cadet corps. He entered 



the German army as a lieutenant 

 of infantry in 1878, and was major- 

 general in command of an infantry 

 brigade in 1912. On the outbreak of 

 the Great War be served as one of 

 Hindenburg's generals in E. Prus- 

 sia and N.W. Russia. In Nov., 

 1914, he commanded one of the 

 Hindenburg armies that made the 

 second attack on Warsaw and 

 won the battle of Kovno, Nov. 15- 

 16. In 1916 he commanded an 

 army group under Falkenhayn in 

 the Rumanian campaign. 



Morghen, RAPHAEL SANZIO 

 (1758-1833). Italian engraver. 

 Born at Florence, June 19, 1758, 

 he was in- 

 structed by 

 his father and 

 uncle, whowere 

 engravers. His 

 first important 

 work consisted 

 of seven plates 

 from the Masks 

 oftheCarnival, 

 R. S. Morghen, 1778. Sent to 

 Italian engraver Rome as a pu 



AfUrP.Caronni pil of Volpato, 



he engraved Raphael's figures of 

 Poetry and Theology in the Vatican 

 in 1781. In 1787 he produced 

 Guido's Aurora. He also engraved 

 The Last Supper after Leonardo, 

 The Transfiguration and The 

 Madonna clella Sedia after Raphael, 

 and Van Dyck's Duke of Moncada. 

 He died at Florence, April 8, 1833. 



Morgue, THE. Building in 

 Paris. It is situated behind Notre- 

 Dame, and in it the corpses of un- 

 known persons, mainly those re- 

 covered from the Seine, are exposed 

 here on marble slabs, pending 

 identification. Until within the 

 last few years the Morgue was 

 open to the general public. The 

 building, erected in 1864, replaced 

 an edifice with the same name and 

 function built on the Quai du 

 Marche-Ncuf at the time of the 

 Revolution. In 1920 it was an- 

 nounced that a new Morgue was 

 to be built on the Quai d' Auster- 

 litz in place of the existing one. 



Morhange OR MORCHTNGEN. 

 Town of Lorraine, France, until 

 1918 part of Germany. It is 20 m. 

 S.E. of Metz, and gives its name 

 to the battle fought around : t in 

 Aug., 1914. 



On Aug. 14, 1914, the French 

 armies in Lorraine opened a 

 general offensive, the object of 

 which was to advance down the 

 Sarre valley, turning Metz on the 

 E. flank. The force available was 

 Dubail's 1st army on the right 

 from Donon to a point opposite 

 Sarrebourg, with four corps ; and 

 Castelnau's 2nd army from near 

 Sarrebourg to the Moselle, with 

 three corps and a group of three 



