MORRIS 



v. nti"H of 1787, his speeches in- 

 fluenced the nature of the amended 

 . .n -i 1 1 u t i"ii, the final form of which 

 he drafted. 



In 1789, when the French Revo- 

 lution broke out, Morris was in 

 Paris, and he remained in Europe 

 until 1798, acting for two years as 

 to the French republic, 

 and at other times reporting 

 privately on European affairs to 

 Washington. From 1800-3 he 

 a member of the Senate, and 

 afterwards chairman of the 

 Canal Commission. He died Nov. 

 6, 1816. His Diary and Letters, 

 published in 1888, give an account 

 of the outbreak of the French 

 Revolution. See laves, J. Sparks, 

 1832; T. Roosevelt, 1891. 



Morris, SIB LEWIS (1833-1907) 

 British poet. Born in Carmarthen, 

 Jan. 23, 1833, he was descended 

 from the Welsh 

 poet and anti- 

 quary Lewis 

 Morris (1700- 

 65). Educated 

 at Sher borne 

 School and 

 Jesus College, 

 Oxford, he 

 won the uni- 

 versity prize 

 for an English 

 essay and 

 It was whilst 



Sir Lewis Morris, 

 British poet 



Ell foil * Fry 



became a barrister. 



practising that he made a name as 

 a poet with the first series of Songa 

 of Two Worlds, 1871. In 1876-77 

 appeared An Epic of Hades, which 

 was followed by Gwen, a dramatic 

 poem, 1879 ; Songs Unsung, 1883 ; 

 Gycia, a tragedy, 1886 ; Songs 

 of Britain, 1887 ; and The New 

 Rambler, 1906. He was active in 

 promoting education in Wales. 

 Knighted in 1896, he died Nov. 

 12, 1907. 



Morris, MARGARET. British 

 dancer and educationist. A follower 

 of the ideals of Hellenic dancing 

 as taught by 

 Raymond and 

 Isadora Dun- 

 can, she be- 

 came principal 

 of the Mar- 



aret Morris 

 c h o o 1 of 

 Dance, Chel- 

 sea, London. 

 Her educa- 

 tional theory 

 was based on a 

 synthesis of the arts, and dancing, 

 painting, design, singing, musical 

 composition, and dance notation 

 all form part of the general scheme. 

 Morris, THOMAS (1821-1908). 

 Scottish golfer. Bora at St. 

 Andrews, Fifeshire, June 16, 1821, 

 he began to play golf at six years 

 of age. In 1851 he took over the 



Margaret Morris, 

 British dancer 



Ell i oil * Fry 



5939 



links at Prestwick and superin- 

 tended the laying out of thio 

 course. It was while he was at 

 Prestwick that 

 the Open 

 Championship 

 was inaugur 

 ated in 1860. 

 This was won 

 by him in 1861, 

 1862, 1864, and 

 1867. Morris 

 superintended 

 the laying out 

 of the courses 

 at Westward Ho !, Luffness, Dor- 

 noch, Tain, and Muirfield. In 1863 

 he was made custodian of the 

 Royal and Ancient Golf Club at 

 St. Andrews. On the occasion of 



Thomas Morris, sent. 

 Scottish goiter 



By cuurttiy of Emery Walker 



his 75th birthday a subscription 

 was raised to buy him an annuity, 

 which resulted in 1,250 being 

 subscribed. He retired in Sept., 

 1903, and died May 24, 1908. See 

 The Life of Tom Morris, W. W. 

 Tulloch, 1907. 



His son, Thomas Morris, junior, 

 born at Prestwick, 1851, won the 

 open championship belt outright 

 by winning it thrice in succession, 

 1868-70, and won the open cham- 

 pionship trophy again in 1872. 

 He died Dec. 25, 1875. 



Morris, WILLIAM (1834-96). 

 British poet. He was born March 

 24, 1834, at Walthamstow, the son 

 of a prosperous bill-broker, also 

 William Morris. He was educated 

 at Marl borough College, from where 

 he went to Exeter College, Oxford. 

 Attracted by the High Church 

 movement, he intended to take 

 orders; but at Oxford he rapidly 



MORRIS 



passed to a deeper intercut in the 

 art* and craft*, and the making of 

 poetry. He met Burne- Jones, and 

 Doth worshipped Rometti from afar. 

 Thus it came that both men, rebel- 

 ling like the pre-Raphaelites against 

 Greek academism in art, and 

 against the Renaissance, went back 

 to the Italian primitives and the 

 Gothic, not realizing that the 

 mimicry of the Gothic was just as 

 academic as mimicry of the Greeks. 

 Morris, fascinated by the life of the 

 Middle Ages, spent his vigorous 

 years in trying to replant on 

 modern life a dead thing. More 

 profitable, however, was his cham- 

 pionship of the social aims of 

 the people. 



Becoming possessed of an in- 

 come of 900 a year on coming of 

 age, Morris chose art as his career 

 instead of the Church. After his 

 literary venture, The Oxford and 

 Cambridge Magazine, he came up 

 to London and articled himself to 

 Street, the architect, at whose 

 office he met his lifelong friend, 

 Philip Webb. Soon thereafter he 

 met Rossetti, but the rugged per- 

 sonality of Morris was too marked 

 to become utterly enslaved ; and, 

 while Rossetti urged him to paint 

 pictures, Morris kept a keener 

 interest in architecture and the 

 beautifying of things in common 

 use. Thus early he revealed his 

 life-thought. Just as he weighed 

 the prosperity of a people by the 

 state of its poor, not of its rich, so 

 he judged the art of an age by its 

 craftsmanship, rather than by its 

 genius in easel-pictures. He made 

 one great blunder, misled by Rus- 

 kin, in attacking machine-made 

 things, instead of demanding fine 

 craftsmanship and good design in 

 machine-made things. 



Morris took rooms with Burne- 

 Jones at 17, Red Lion Square, 

 where he began at once the art 

 revolution by designing furniture. 

 In 1857 he took part in Rossetti's 

 decorating of the debating hall of 

 the Oxford Union with tempera 

 paintings from the Morte d' Arthur, 

 work which was soon wrecked by 

 the decay of the material ; it was 

 Morris's foreground of sunflowers 

 that started the much-chaffed 

 badge of the Aesthetes. In April 

 1859, Morris married the beautiful 

 Jane Burden. Desiring an ideal 

 home, and finding an orchard and 

 meadow on B*exley Heath, in Kent, 

 he there engaged Philip Webb to 

 build him the famous Red House 

 that was destined to revolutionise 

 the home throughout the land : 

 for the difficulty of getting furni- 

 ture to suit it led to the foundation 

 of the firm of Morris & Co., which 

 undertook the beautifying of every- 

 thing, from the wallpapers and 



