MOSHEIM 



,..1 , 



MOSQUITO COAST 



J. L. von Mosbeim, 

 German historian 



a late Jc\M-li 

 Mosos was thought to bo the author 

 I tin I'cutatouch, a work now 

 usually regarded as the product of 

 i-i'iii|nlrrs from older docu- 

 <>nly parts of it \H-\\\\i 

 definitely ascribed to Moses. .M 

 figures largely in the Koran, in 

 I -I. i ii lie legend, and in the pages of 

 Joscphus. .See Aaron; Decalogue; 

 Kxo'lus; PentaU-urh. 



lit/'liography. The Story of 

 Moses and .Ionium, J. Tel ford, 1803; 

 Anilinrit v Mini Archaeology, s. K. 



Dnv.-i. I v.i'.l ; Knry<-l"|>iirliii Hihlica, 



T. K. <'ln-\iu, 1899-1903; The Story 



.11. I. Taylor, 1913. 



Mosheim, Jon ANN LORENZ VON 

 (I (i'.i I IT.").")). German historian. 

 Hi- was born at Liibeck, Oct. 9, 

 1094, and be- 

 came pro- 

 fessor o t 

 theology at 

 Helms ted t, 

 Brunswick, in 

 1723. In 1747 

 he was ap- 

 pointed pro- 

 fessor of 

 divinity and 

 chancellor of 

 Gbttingen University. He died 

 Sept. 9, 1755. His Institutiones 

 Historiae Ecclesiasticae, 1726, the 

 work which established his fame, 

 was translated into English by A. 

 Maclaine, 1764, and again in 1832, 

 by J. Murdock (new edition, 1892). 

 Moshi OR Mosciu. Settlement 

 on the S. slopes of Mount Kilhna- 

 Njaro, in Tanganyika territory, E. 

 Africa. It forms the N. terminus 

 of the Usambara rly. from Tanga, 

 and is connected by rly. with Voi 

 (q.v. ), on the Uganda Rly. It 

 was occupied by the British, March 

 12, 1916. See East Africa, Con- 

 quest of. 



Moskva. River ot central 

 Russia, a tributary of the Oka. It 

 rises in the govt. of Smolensk, flows 

 E. through the govt. of Moscow,and 

 then S.E., joining the Oka below 

 Kolomna, after a course of 300 m. 

 The battle between the French and 

 the Russians, called by the latter 

 the battle of Borodino ('/./.) was- 

 fought along it, Sept. 7, 1812. 



Moslem League, ALL INDIA 

 Mahomedan society founded in 

 May, 1908. Its chief objects are the 

 " promotion of concord and har- 

 mony among the different com 

 munities of India ; the advance- 

 ment of the general interest of the 

 country in concert with the other 

 Indian communities, and the ad- 

 vancement and safeguarding, by all 

 i (institutional and loyal methods, 

 of the special interests of the 

 Mahomedan subjects of the king 

 emperor." The central committee 

 is located at Lucknow. and there 



in provincial and local leagues 

 throughout India, and a bram-h in 

 I. -i, luii. See India: Mahomed- 

 aim, 



Mosman. Suburb of Sydney, 

 New South Wales. It has zoo- 

 logical gardens, and lies opposite 

 Sydney on Port Jackson. Pop 

 I:;.L'IM). See Sydney. 



Mosque (Arabic, mesjid). Ma- 

 homedan place of worship. Note- 

 worthy examples are at Cairo, 

 Mecca, Medina, Jerusalem, Dam- 

 ascus, and in various parts of 

 India. In England there is a 

 mosque at Woking, Surrey. Vary- 

 ing in form in different countries, 

 mosques generally have a central 

 dome, minarets, and a court pro- 

 vided with a tank for ceremonial 

 ablutions. Within is a pulpit, a 

 lectern, a niche indicating the 

 direction of Mecca, and carpets, 

 but no seata. The interior decor- 

 ation is restricted to arabesques 

 and texts from the Koran. See 

 Arabia ; Cairo ; Damascus ; Delhi ; 

 Mahomedan Art and Architecture. 



Mosquito (Span., little fly). Fly 

 of the family Culicidae. Found in 

 all hot and temperate climates, 

 mosquitoes are one of the worst 



Mosquito. Stages in development. 

 1. EgK-rafts and half grown mos- 

 quito larvae diving. 2. Full grown 

 larva breathing at surface of water. 

 Moulted larvae skins on left, active 

 pupae on right. 3. Mosquito emerg- 

 ing from pupa skin on surface of 

 water. 4. Mosquito fully emerged 

 and ready for flight 



pest* of the tropics. Great Britain 

 possesses about 20 species, usually 

 called Gnats, some of which attack 

 man as vigorously as their tropical 

 relatives. But their leas abundance 

 and the shorter duration of favour- 

 able weather prevent them from 

 becoming a serious plague. All the 

 family are provided with horny 

 boring apparatus, but it is only the 

 female that sucks blood. She may 

 be recognized by the absence of 

 the fine feather-like antennae that 

 adorn the male.' 



One genus, Anopheles, is the 

 vehicle of malaria, a disease not 

 merely often fatal in itself, but pre- 

 disposing to other diseases. The 

 malarial parasite is conveyed to 

 the female gnat when she sucks the 

 blood of an infected person. In 

 the stomach the parasite undergoes 

 various stages of development, then 

 enters the muscles and the body 

 cavity, and so finds its way to the 

 .salivary glands of the insect about 

 ten days after the infection has 

 been received. It is then in a 

 position to be conveyed into the 

 blood of a person attacked. 



Other species of mosquito are the 

 vehicles of yellow fever and filar- 

 iasis ; and in these cases also the 

 two hosts, man and mosquito, are 

 necessary for the various stages in 

 the life history of the parasites. 

 Hence the battle with these dis- 

 eases involves the destruction of 

 the mosquito, best effected by de- 

 stroying its breeding places. The 

 larval stage of the mosquito is 

 passed in the water, and by spray- 

 ing the water with crude petroleum, 

 the insects are killed. See Gnat 

 Insects; Malaria; Yellow Fever. 



Mosquito (Native form, Miss- 

 kito). Tribe of Central American 

 Indians. They inhabit the E. coast 

 of Nicaragua, thence known as the 

 Mosquito Coast. They are excep- 

 tionally intelligent, and speak a 

 Sumo dialect. Their dark colour 

 is attributed to intermarriage with 

 shipwrecked negro slaves 



Mosquito Coast OR LA Mos- 

 QUITIA. Maritime region of Central 

 America. It embraces the S.E. 

 corner of Honduras, and the E. 

 coast of Nicaragua. It fronts the 

 Caribbean Sea, is low lying, and 

 contains several lagoons, the 

 largest being Carataska in Hon- 

 duras and Pearl Cay in Nicaragua. 



The Mosquito Territory or Re- 

 serve, wholly in the latter republic, 

 now forms the dept. of Bluefields. 

 It ie inhabited chiefly by Mosquito 

 and Zambo Indians, with negroes 

 from Jamaica. The region was a 

 matter of diplomatic controversy, 

 between the U.S.A. and Gt. Britain, 

 but under the treaty of April 19, 

 1905, the U.S.A. acknowledged the 

 claims of Nicaragua, and withdrew 



