MURNER 



5599 



MURRAY 



Wl.i ( Sou, bkirts the W. nide o! 



that sea, and. after traversing a 



if luki-H and HNv.tmps, 



reaches the Petrograd-Vologda 



lout 75 m. E. of Petrograd. 



The building of the rly. had been 

 contemplated as far back as 1895, 

 Init i-mi-.li iirtioii was not begun 

 till 1JM.Y \\i>ik was commenced 

 from Xvanka N. and from Mur- 

 mansk S. simultaneously, and not 

 complete.l till 1917. tfeeKola. 



Mnrner, THOMAS (1475-1537). 

 t ! niitin satirist and poet. He was 

 born at Obcrehnheirn, Alsace, Dec. 

 Jl. I 17.\ l>ee;ime a Franciscan 

 mi ink. and afterwards wandered 

 from one university to another. His 

 sit ire. of the most virulent kind, 

 whether spoken or written, was 

 largely directed against the up- 

 holders of the Reformation, al- 

 though he wrote much himself of 

 the need for reform within the 

 Church. He was the most noted 

 of the men who used the verna- 

 cular in a vain effort to beat back 

 the tide of the new era. See 

 Reformation. 



Murom. Town of Central 

 Russia. It is in the gov. of and 75 

 m. S.E. of Vladimir, on the Oka 

 and the Kovrov-Murom rly. 

 There is a trade in cereals, metals, 

 timber, sugar, tea, and salt. Murom 

 was an important commercial cen- 

 tre in the 10th cent. Pop. 19.000. 



Murphysboro. City of Illinois, 

 U.S.A., the co. seat of Jackson co. 

 It stands on the Big Muddy river, 

 86 m. S.S.E. of St. Louis, and is 

 served by the Illinois Central and 

 other rlys. It manufactures boots 

 and shoes, flour, and machine 

 shop products. It was incorpor- 

 ated in 1867. Pop. 10,700. 



Murray. River of Australia. 

 It rises in the Australian Alps and 

 forms the boundary between New 

 South Wales and Victoria for 1,200 

 of its total length of 1,250 m. It 

 Hows into S. Australia, debouching 

 through the shallow Lake Alexan- 

 drina. A large barrage scheme 

 is planned to improve the lower 

 reaches. Its basin comprises over 

 250.000 sq. m., the Darling-Lach- 

 Inn Murrumbidgee system forming 

 its right bank tributaries, and the 

 Goulbum, Campaspe, and Loddon 

 [ its left. Navigable to Albury in 

 [ good seasons, it is generally open 

 to Echuca, 666 m. from the S. 

 Australian border, for small craft. 



Murray of Elibank, ALEXANDER 

 WILLIAM CHARLES OLIPHANT MUR- 

 RAY, BARON (1870-1920). Brit- 

 ish politician. Born April 12, 

 1870. the eldest son of the 1st 

 Viscount Elibank, he was educated 

 at Cheltenham College, and in 1900 

 was returned as Liberal M.P. for 

 Midlothian, becoming comptroller 

 of the household in 1905. In 1906 



Baron Murray o! 



Elibank, 

 British politician 



Sir Archibald Murray, 

 British general 



ho was returned for Peebles and 



Selkirk, ;m<l in I'.MH) was appointed 

 under-secretary for India. In 1910 

 ho was again 

 returned f o r 

 Midlothian, 

 and was pro- 

 moted to be 

 parliamentary 

 secretary to 

 the treasury. 

 In 1911 he was 

 made a privy 

 councillor, and 

 in 1912 he re- 

 signed his 

 office and was 



made a baron, becoming a partner 

 in the contracting firm of S. 

 Pearson & Son. He died Sept. 13, 

 1920. See Elibank. 



Murray, SIR ARCHIBALD JAMES 

 (b. 1860). British soldier. Born 

 April 21, 1860, he was educated at 

 Cheltenham 

 College and 

 Sandhurst. He 

 entered the 

 Royal Innis- 

 killing F u s i- 

 licrs in 1879, 

 and in 1900 

 became a 

 lieutenant-col- 

 onel. Mean- 

 while he had 

 served in Zulu- swaine 



land and in South Africa. After five 

 years on tho staff at Aldershot, he 

 was made director of military train- 

 ing in 1907, was inspector of infantry 

 1912-14, and in Aug., 1914, went 

 to France as chief of the staff. In 

 Oct., 1915, he returned to England 

 to become the head of a reorganized 

 imperial general staff, but was 

 soon appointed to the command of 

 the Mediterranean Expeditionary 

 Force. He took over his new duties 

 Jan. 9, 1916, and from Egypt led 

 the British troops into Palestine, 

 but returned home early in 1917 

 after the checks before Gaza. He 

 held the Aldershot command, 

 1917-19. Knighted in 1911, he 

 was promoted general in 1919. See 

 Gaza ; consult also his Despatches, 

 2 vols., 1920. 



Murray, DAVID CHRISTIE (1847- 

 1907). British novelist and journ- 

 alist. Born at West Bromwich, 

 April 13, 1847, 

 he worked for 

 a time in his 

 father's print- 

 ing office, 

 served for a 

 year in the 

 4th Dragoon 

 Guards, and 

 entered jour- 

 nalism as a re- 

 porter on The 

 Birmingham 



0. 6. A. Murray. 



British scholar 



D. C. Murray, 

 British novelist 



Morning New*. He played a lead 

 in melodrama, wrote for The Daily 

 News and The World, and w is 

 correspondent of The Times in the 

 Russo -Turkish War. At a later 

 period he was associated with The 

 Morning and succeeded J. F. Nis- 

 bet as writer of The Handbook in 

 The Referee. He was author of a 

 number of popular novels, includ- 

 ing A Life's Atonement, 1879 ; and 

 Val Strange, 1883; an anecdotal 

 volume, The Making of a Novelist, 

 1893 ; and some frank criticism in 

 My Contemporaries in Fiction, 

 1897. He died at Hampstead, Aug. 

 1, 1907. 



Murray, GEORGE GILBERT AIM* 

 (b. 1866). British scholar. Born at 

 Sydney, N.S.W., Jan. 2, 1866, he 

 was educat* <1 

 at Merchant 

 Taylors' School 

 and S. John's 

 College, Ox- 

 ford, and in 

 1888 became 

 fellow of New 

 College. Pro- 

 fessor of Greek 

 at Glasgow 

 1889-99, in 

 1908 he be- 

 came rcgius professor of Greek at 

 Oxford. Author of a History of 

 Ancient Greek Literature, 1897; 

 and Four Stages in Greek Religion, 

 1912 ; he is best known by his verse 

 translations of Greek plays, pro- 

 duced for the most part" at the 

 Court- Theatre, London, 1902-7. 



Murray, who married a daughter 

 of the 9th earl of Carlisle, associated 

 himself with the movement for 

 woman's suffrage, and with ad- 

 vanced liberalism generally. He 

 wrote Liberalism and the Empire, 

 1900: and The Foreign Policy of 

 Sir Edward Grey, 1915. 



Murray, GEORGE HENRY (b. 

 1861). Canadian politician. Born 

 at Grand Narrows, Nova Scotia, 

 June 7, 1861, he was educated 

 there and at Boston University, 

 called to the Canadian bar in 1883, 

 and became a 

 Q.C. in 1895. 

 Appointed in 

 1889 to the 

 legislative 

 council of Nova 

 Scotia, he 

 joined the 

 government in 

 1891, under the 

 Hon. W. S. 

 Fielding, and 

 in 1896, on the latter's resignation, 

 was called upon to form an 

 administration, himself taking the 

 post of provincial secretary, and 

 being elected by the county of 

 Victoria. His government held 

 office five times. See Nova Scotia. 



G. H. Murray, 

 Canadian politician 



