MURRAY 



5596 



MURSHIDABAD 



Sir George Murray, 

 British civil servant 



BtMMii 



Murray. SIR GEORGE HERBERT 

 (b. 1849). British civil servant. 

 Born Sept. 27. 18d9, he was edu- 

 cated at Har- 

 row and Christ 

 Church, Ox- 

 ford, and in 

 1873 entered 

 the foreign 

 office. In 1880 

 he was trans- 

 ferred to the 

 treasury, 

 where be was 

 private secre- 

 tary to W. E. 

 Gladstone. Appointed chairman 

 of the board of inland revenue, 

 1897, he was secretary to the post 

 office 1899-1903, and permanent 

 secretary to the treasury 1903-11. 

 Murray then became a director of 

 Armstrong, Whitworth & Co. In 

 1899 he was knighted, and in 1910 

 made a privy councillor. His son, 

 Sir Evelyn Murray, was made sec- 

 retary to the post office in 1914. 



Murray, SIR JAMES AUGUSTUS 

 HENKY (1837-1915). British lexi- 

 cographer. Born at Denholm, Rox- 

 burghshire, he 

 was educated 

 at Edinburgh. 

 From 1870- 

 1885 he was a 

 master at Mill 

 Hill School, 

 j^^^^ where the 

 I scheme for a 

 H^fafll ^H new English dic- 

 tionary, origin- 

 ally suggested 

 by Archbishop 

 Trench, materialised. Murray 

 undertook the preparation of a new 

 English dictionary on historical 

 principles, founded mainly on the 

 materials collected by the Philo- 

 logical Society, as stated on the 

 title-page of the first volume, pub- 

 lished in 1888. The work had been 

 begun at Mill Hill, but since 1885 

 was carried on at Oxford, where 

 the Clarendon Press undertook its 

 publication. He was knighted in 

 1908, and died at Oxford, July 26, 

 1915. See Memoir, H. Bradley, 

 1919. 



Murray, SIR JAMES WOLFE 

 (1853-1919). British soldier. Born 

 March 13, 1853, he joined the 

 Royal Artil- 

 lery in 1872, 

 becoming cap- 

 tain in 1881. 

 From 1884-90 

 he was in the 

 intelligence 

 branch, war 

 office; held a 

 staff appoint- 

 ment at Alder- 

 shot, 1894-97, 

 serving in 



Sir J. A. H. Murray, 



Britishlexicographer 



Elliott A Fry 



John Murray (I), 

 British publisher 



Sir J. W. Murray, 

 British soldier 



Itusscll 



Ashanti in 1895. In 1898 he went 

 to India, and in the S. African War 

 served hi Natal. Appointed to a 

 brigade in India, he was later 

 Q.M.G. at Simla, and in 1904 

 master-general of the ordnance at 

 the war office. He was in India 

 1907-11, was general officer com- 

 manding in Scotland, and in S. 

 Africa, March-Dec., 1914, and 

 then became chief of the imperial 

 general staff. He held the eastern 

 command, 1916-17, and retired in 

 1918. Murray, who was knighted 

 in 1900, died Oct. 17, 1919. 



Murray, JOHN. Name of a firm 

 of British publishers. It was 

 established at 32, Fleet Street 

 London, in 

 1768, by John 

 Mac Murray 

 (1745-93), a 

 retired lieu- 

 tenant of the 

 Royal Marines, 

 who, acquiring 

 a bookselling 

 business, 

 dropped h i s 

 Scottishprefix. 

 He issued the first two vols. of 

 D'Israeli's Curiosities of Literature. 

 His son, John Murray II (1778- 

 1843), was London agent of Con- 

 stable, had a share in Scott's 

 Marmion, started The Quarterly 

 Review in 1809, transferred the 

 business in 1812 to 50 and 50a, 

 Albemarle Street, and published for 

 Byron, Borrow, Crabbe, Jane 

 . , . Austen, and 



many others. 

 John Murray 

 III (1808-92) 

 carried on the 

 business, and 

 on his death, 

 April 2, 1892, 

 was succeeded 

 by John Mur- 

 ray IV (b. 

 1851), who was 

 later joined by 



his son. John Murray V. In 1917 

 the firm took over the business of 

 Smith, Elder & Co. and The Corn- 

 hill Magazine. See A Publisher 

 and His Friends, S. Smiles, 1891. 



Murray, SIR JOHN (1841-1914). 

 British biologist and geographer. 

 He was born at Coburg, Ontario, 

 March 3, 1841, 

 and educated 

 at Stirling and 

 Edinburgh. 

 He was chief 

 naturalist t o 

 the Challenger 

 Expedition, 

 1872-76, and 

 editor of its 

 scientific re- 

 ports, and 

 also took part 



John Murray (IV), 

 British publisher 



Lindley Murray, 



American-English 



grammarian 



Sir John Murray 

 British biologist 



in other expeditions. He was the 

 author of a number of books and 

 memoirs on marine biology, oceano- 

 graphy, and limnology. He died 

 March 16, 1914. 



Murray, LINDLEY (1745-1826). 

 American-English grammarian. 

 Born in Pennsylvania, April 22, 

 1745, he was a 

 successful 

 barrister, and, 

 having further 

 amassed a for- 

 tune in busi- 

 ness during the 

 revolutionary 

 war, he came 

 over to Eng- 

 land for his 

 health, and 

 settled at Hoi- 

 gate, near York. His English 

 grammar had a large sale through 

 out Great Britain and the U.S.A 

 He died Jan. 16, 1826. 



Murree. Hill station of India, 

 in the Punjab, in the Rawalpindi 

 district. It is situated in the N. of 

 the district and is reached from 

 Rawalpindi Cantonment by road 

 (39 m. ). It is on a spur of the 

 Himalayas, alt. 7,517 ft., and is 

 the summer headquarters of the 

 Northern Army. Pop. 1,700. 



Miirren. Pleasure resort 01 

 Switzerland, in the Bernese Ober- 

 land. It is perched on a mountain 

 terrace below the Jungfrau, the 

 Breithorn, the Blumlis Alp, and the 

 Schilthorn, 3 m. by cable rly. and 

 electric tramway S- of Lauter 

 brunnen (q.v. ) Alt. 5,385 ft. 



Murrey OR SANGUINE (old 

 Fr. more, mulberry-coloured). In 

 heraldry, deep blood red colour. 

 It is represented in drawing by 

 diagonal lines crossing each other. 



Murrumbidgee. River of New 

 South Wales. It rises in the Aus- 

 tralian Alps, flows N. in its upper 

 course through the Federal Terri 

 tory to the artificial lake caused by 

 the Burrenjuck dam, thence almost 

 due W. to its junction with the 

 Lachlan, and, later, S.W. to the 

 Murray. Of its total course of 

 1,350 m., 500 m. are navigable. 

 See Burrenjuck. 



Murshidabad. Dist. and town 

 of Bengal, India. In the Presidency 

 division, the dist. forms the N. part 

 of the Ganges delta, where the 

 river, its main channels known 

 locally as the Bhagirathi and 

 Padma, no longer floods and adds 

 silt to the alluvial plain. The area 

 is 2,143 sq. m. Pop. 1,372,000. 



The town stands on the Bhagi- 

 rathi, and was established in 1704 

 by the nawab Murshid Kali Khan 

 as the capital of Bengal ; it de- 

 clined after 1790, when Lord Corn- 

 wallis made Calcutta the capital 

 Most of the old buildings are in 



