1st Baron Napier. 



Scottish 

 agriculturist 



NAPHTHYLAMINE 



Naphthylamine OR AMI no- 

 NAPHTHALENE. Hydrocarbon with 

 the chemical formula (',. II Ml, 

 There are two naphthylamines, 

 alpha and beta. Alpha-naph- 

 thylamine has a disgusting odour. 

 u in U- l>eta-naphthylamine is odour- 

 leas Both are employed in the 

 m imifartiiiv of aniline dyea 



Napier. Town and port oi 

 Nurtli Island, New Zealand. The 

 capital of Hawke's Bay district, 

 . i- in a pastoral country. It has 

 both rly. and steamer communi- 

 cation with Wellington (200 m.) 

 and Auckland (372 m. ). Pop. 8,700. 

 Napier, BARON. Scottish title. 

 The first holder was Sir Archibald 

 Napier 1570-1045. 9th baron 

 ^^^^^^^^^^ Merchiston, 

 who gained ce- 

 lebrity in Scot- 

 I and for his 

 agricultural ex- 

 periments, and 

 followed James 

 I to England in 

 1003 In 1023 

 he became lord 

 of session, and 

 in 1027 was 

 created baron 

 Napier of Merchiston. Both he 

 and his son, Archibald (d. 1058), 

 2nd baron, were closely associated 

 with Montrose. 



His son, Archibald, the 3rd 

 baron, died unmarried in 1683, 

 when his nephew, Thomas Nicolson, 

 succeeded to the title. The next 

 holder was the 3rd lord's sister, 

 Margaret, from whom it descended 

 to her grandson, Francis Scott, 

 who took the name of Napier. The 

 title is still held by his descendant. 

 Baron Napier and Kt trick. 



Napier OF MAQDALA, ROBERT 

 CORNELIS NAPIER, IST BARON (1810 

 -90). British soldier Born at 

 Colombo, Cey- 

 lon, Dec. 0. 

 1810, he en 

 tered the Ben- 

 gal Engineers 

 in 1820, and 

 having special- 

 ised in engin- 

 eer ing, be- 

 came chief en- 

 gineer of the 

 Punjab in 

 1849. During 

 the Mutiny his work as chie 

 engineer to Sir Colin Campbell 

 brought liim a K.C.B. In the 

 Chinese War, 1800, he held a com- 

 mand, but his most notable military 

 service was his conduct of the cam 

 paign in Abyssinia, 1808, which 

 brought him a peerage. From 

 1870-76 Napier was commander- 

 in-chief in India. He died Jan. 14, 

 1890. See Hist, of the Abyssinian 

 Expedition, C. R. Markham. 1809. 



Baron Napier ol 



Magdala, 

 British soldier 



3629 



Napier, SIR CHARLES (1786- 

 1800). British admiral Born 

 March 6, 1786, he entered the nary 

 in 1799, saw 

 active service, 

 and in 1810 was 

 with the army 

 in the Penin- 

 sula. Return- 

 ing to the navy, 

 he performed 

 some daring 

 exploits in the 

 Sir Charles Napier. Mediterranean 

 British admiral Jn Ig33 he 



was given command of the Portu- 

 guese fleet in opposition to Dom 

 Miguel, whose squadron he de- 

 feated. He was bailed as the liber- 

 ator of the country and raised to 

 the Portuguese peerage, but re- 

 signed on the rejection of his pro 

 posals for naval reform. He com 

 manded the troops ashore on the 

 Syrian coast in 1840, and was 

 made a K.C.B. for the capture of 

 Acre, where he was second-in-com- 

 mand. His command of the Baltic 

 Fleet in 1854 was only partially 

 successful. He died Nov. 0, 1800 



Bibliography. War in Portugal, 

 J836; War in Syria, 1842; The 

 Navy : Its Past and Present State, 

 1851 ; Life and Correspondence, 

 Gen. E. Napier, 2 vols., 1882. 



Napier, Sm CHARLES JAMES 

 (1782-1863). British soldier. Born 

 in Whitehall; London, Aug. 10, 

 1782, a grand- 

 son of the 5th 

 Lord Napier of 

 Merchiston, he 

 entered the 

 army, 33rd re- 

 giment, in 1794, 

 but, except 

 when dealing 

 with the insur- 

 gents in Ire- Sir C. J. Napier, 

 land, saw no British soldier 

 active service Afttr K - Wlll *<"** 

 until 1808. He commanded the 50th 

 Foot in the retreat to Corunna, was 

 seriously wounded, and taken pri- 

 soner. Released on parole, he was 

 formally exchanged in 1810, and in 

 the following year returned to the 

 Peninsula. In 1815 he took part in 

 the Waterloo campaign, though not 

 present at the actual battle. He 

 was appointed governor of Cepha- 

 lonia in 1822, but his life was com- 

 paratively uneventful until, in 1841, 

 he sailed for India to take command 

 in Sinde. After a campaign Sinde 

 was annexed, and Napier was ap- 

 pointed governor of the new pro- 

 vince, to the reorganization of 

 which he devoted himself success- 

 fully. He rendered further military 

 service in the Sikh war of 1848, and 

 was commander-in-chief in India, 

 1 849-51. He died at Oaklands, near 

 Portsmouth, Aug. 29, 1853 His 



John Napier, 

 mathematician 



NAf LE8 



life was written by his brother, Sir 

 William, while his own writings in- 

 clude Lights and Shadow* of 

 Military Life, 1840. 



Bibliography. Live*. W. P. P. 

 Napier, 4 voU.. 1807; W. N. Braoe, 

 1885; W. P. Butler, 1890; Records 

 of the Indian Command of Gen. Sir 

 O. J. Napier, J. Mawson, 1851. 



Napier, JOHN (1550-1617). 

 Scottish mathematician Born at 

 Merchiston Castle, near Edin- 

 burgh, and 

 afterwards the 

 8th laird of 

 Merchiston, 

 his first 

 mathematical 

 work, De Arte 

 Logistica, sug- 

 gested that he 

 haddiscovered 

 a method of 

 solving equa- 

 tions of the second and higher de- 

 grees. About 1594 he began to lay the 

 foundations of his great discovery, 

 logarithms, upon which he worked 

 for the next twenty years. In con- 

 nexion with them he suggested the 

 present notation for decimals. His 

 tables were published 1614. under 

 the title Mirifici Logarithmorum 

 Canonis Descriptio. He died April 

 4, 1617. See Briggs, BL; Logarithms. 



Napier, Sm WILLIAM FRANCIS 

 PATRICK (1785-1860). British 

 soldier and historian. A son of 

 George Napier, 

 and a grand- 

 son of the 5th 

 lord Napier of 

 Merchiston, he 

 was born Dec. 

 17, 1785. He 

 entered the 

 army in 1800, 

 and in the 43rd 

 regimen t 

 served at the 

 siege of Copen- 

 hagen, 1807, before proceeding to 

 Spain, where he was present at 

 Corunna. In 1813-14 he was in com- 

 mand of his regiment which formed 

 part of the Light Brigade. Knighted 

 m 1848, he was promoted general 

 in 1859, and died Feb. 10, I860 

 Napier is the author of one of the 

 greatest military histories ever 

 written. His History of the Penin- 

 sular War was begun in 1823, and 

 the six volumes appeared between 

 1828 and 1840. 



Naples (Ital. Napoli). Maritime 

 prov. of W. Italy, in Campania. It 

 curves round the Bay of Naples, and 

 includes the islands of Ischia. Capri, 

 and Procida. A fertile plain in the 

 N., elsewhere it is mountainous, 

 rising in Mt. Vesuvius to about 

 4,000 ft It terminates in the S. W. 

 in the promontory of Sorrento 

 Area 351 sq. m. Pop. 1,360,300. 



Sir W. Napier, 

 British historian 



from a minlalurt 



