NATCHEZ 



5646 



NATIONAL ASSEMBLY 



Natchez. North American 

 Indian tribe of Moskogian stock. 

 In the 17th century they occupied 

 nine villages in Mississippi. Their 

 complex sun-worship, head-flatten- 

 ing, use of mounds as foundations 

 of dwellings and temples, advanced 

 pottery, and skilful weaving of 

 mulberry-bark cloth perpetuated 

 the culture of the mound-builders. 

 Early in the 18th century the 

 Natchez and their allies entered 

 upon a war with the French 

 settlers, who had built a fcrt on 

 their soil. In 1729 this fort was 

 destroyed by the Indians, who 

 killed the men and took the 

 women and children prisoners. In 

 return the French drove the tribe 

 across the Mississippi into Louisiana 

 and partly destroyed them in Jan., 

 1731. The prisoners were sold aa 

 slaves to the W. Indian planters, 

 and the remnant, after further 

 fighting, joined other tribes. The 

 few existing Natchez are found 

 chiefly with the Cherokees. The 

 name is perpetuated, not only in 

 the city, but in Natchez Trace, a 

 road constructed in 1801-2 from 

 Nashville across the state of 

 Mississippi to Natchez, about 

 500 m. away. Its course is now 

 marked by granite boulders. See 

 American Indians ; Cherokee. 



Natchez. City and seaport of 

 Mississippi, U.S.A., the co. seat of 

 Adams co. On the Mississippi 

 river, 99 m. S.W. of Jackson, it 

 is served by the Mississippi Central 

 and other rlys. The buildings in- 

 clude the court house, churches, 

 libraries, etc. There is a memorial 

 park, and near the city a national 

 cemetery and an observatory. The 

 industries are mainly connected 

 with cotton, which is shipped from 

 here in large quantities. Steamers 

 go also up the Mississippi. Natchez 

 occupies the site of a fort, built by 

 the French, which passed to Britain 

 in 1763. In 1779 the Spaniards 

 secured it, and it was included in 

 the U.S.A. in 1798. It was made a 

 city in 1803. Pop. 11,800. 



Nathanael. Disciple of Jtsus 

 Christ. Practically nothing is 

 known of him save that he came 

 from Cana of Galilee (John xxi, 2), 

 and was brought to the Master by 

 Philip (John i, 45). Some scholars 

 think he is identical with Bartholo- 

 mew. The name, also spelled 

 Nathaniel, means in Hebrew the 

 gift of God. 



Nathubhoy, SIB MANGALDAS 

 (1832-90). Indian philanthropist. 

 Bom Oct. 15, 1832, he inherited a 

 large fortune as a child, increasing 

 it when he grew up by his talent 

 for commerce. A man of advanced 

 opinions, he founded seven scholar- 

 ships in Bombay University to 

 enable students to study in Europe. 



Member of the legislative council, 

 1866-74, he was knighted in 1875. 

 He gave over . half a million to 

 charity, and died at Bombay, 

 March 9, 1890. 



Natick. Town of Massachusetts, 

 U.S.A. In Middlesex co., it is 17 m. 

 from Boston on the Charles river. 

 It has a station on the Boston and 

 Albany Rly. The buildings include 

 public library, hospital, churches, 

 and schools, and the manufactures 

 are boots and shoes, clothing, etc. 

 Near is Cochituate Lake, from 

 which Boston obtains some of its 

 water. Natick was founded about 

 1650 by John Eliot, as a settle- 

 ment for converted Indians, who 

 formed for many years the majority 

 of its inhabitants. It was made a 

 municipality in 1781. Pop. 10,000. 

 Nation, THE. Social, political, 

 and literary weekly review, pub- 

 lished in London. It was founded 

 March 2, 1907, under the editor- 

 ship of H. W. Massingham (q.v.), 

 to continue the Radical tradition 

 of The Speaker, which dated from 

 1890. In Feb., 1921, it took over 

 The Athenaeum, the title being 

 altered to The Nation and The 

 Athenaeum. The title of The 

 Nation was given to the organ of 

 the Young Ireland party which Sir 

 Charles Gavan Duffy (q.v.) helped 

 to found in 1842, and to an influen- 

 tial weekly review founded in New 

 York by E. L. Godkin (q.v.), 1865. 

 National. Belonging to the 

 nation. It is given as a prefix to 

 an endless number of movements 

 and societies, but 

 in this Encyclo- 

 pedia these are 

 placed under 

 their distinctive 

 names, e g. rifle, 

 Sunday, etc. In 

 one or two cases, 

 however, e.g. 

 National Gallery, 

 tbe word national 

 is the dominating 

 word, and so such 

 entries are put 

 under National. 

 National An- 

 them. Musical 

 composition with 

 words, officially 

 adopted for cere- 

 monial use as an 

 expression of 

 patriotism and 

 loyalty to a 

 national cause. 

 Differing essen- 

 tially from na- 

 t i o n a 1 songs, 

 national anthems 

 are a compara- 

 tively modern in- 

 novation. Britain 

 has the earliest 



and the best in God Save the King 

 (q.v.), appropriated by Prussia as 

 the melody for Heil dir im Sieger- 

 kranz and also by Denmark for 

 her revised version of God Save the 

 King, 1902. In La Marseillaise 

 (q.v.) France has an outstanding 

 example, and Haydn's Hymn to 

 the Emperor, 1796, and Ivor's God 

 Save the Tsar, 1833, gave to the 

 Austrian and Russian empires re- 

 spectively national anthems worthy 

 of their dignity. The U.S.A. have 

 no accepted national anthem, but 

 during the Great War The Star- 

 Spangled Banner was generally 

 used as an equivalent. La 

 Brabanconne (q.v.) lacks the 

 dignity proper to an anthem 

 worthy of the Belgian nation. 



National Assembly. Name 

 given to the governing body of 

 the Church of England. It was set 

 up under the Enabling Act of 1919 

 to take the place of convocation, 

 but with somewhat wider powers 

 than the older body. The assem- 

 bly consists of three houses. The 

 house of bishops consists of the 

 two archbishops and all the 

 diocesan bishops ; the house of 

 clergy contains representatives of 

 the clergy, elected in the same 

 manner as those of the lower 

 house of convocation ; the house 

 of laity consists of representatives 

 of the laity of the two provinces, 

 Canterbury and York. 



The assembly has power to 

 legislate for the Church of England, 

 but provision is made for keeping 



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By courtesy of JHoeello & Co., Limited 



God save our gracious King, 

 Long live our noble King, 



God save the Kingl 

 Send him victorious, 

 Happy and glorious. 

 Long to reign over us, 



God save the King: 



Confound their politics; 

 Frustrate their knavish tricks; 

 On Thee oui hopes we fix; 

 God save us all! 



Thy choicest gifts in store 

 On him be pleased to pour; 



Long may he reign! 

 May he defend our laws, 



O Lord our God, arise, And ever give us cause 



Scatter his enemies. To sing with heart and voice 



And make them fall: God save the King! 



National Anthein. Music and words of the British 

 National Anthem 



