NAUVOO 



5658 



NAVAL PRIZE 



ing animals. It is found only in the 

 Indo-Pacific Ocean at depths below 

 10 fathoms. The living animal is 

 rarely seen, though empty shells 

 are washed ashore in abundance. 

 Throughout the long voyage of the 

 Challenger only one living example 

 was dredged. The diagram shows 

 the many-chambered cell in section 

 with the animal filling the newest 

 or outer chamber. The Argonaut 

 is often called the paper nautilus. 

 See Argonaut ; Cephalopoda. 



Nauvoo. City of Illinois, U.S.A., 

 in Hancock co. It stands on the 

 Mississippi river, 13 m. N. of 

 Keokuk, Iowa. It was founded 

 1839 by Mormons, and in the year 

 of their expulsion, 1846, had a pop. 

 of nearly 15,000. In 1850 a colony 

 of French socialists occupied Nau- 

 voo and remained there until 1858. 

 There are remains of several Mor- 

 mon buildings. Pop. 1,500. 



Navaho OR NAVAJO. N.Ameri- 

 can Indian tribe. They live mostly 

 on reservations in New Mexico and 

 Arizona. Of 

 3 Athapascan 

 | stock, they 

 number about 



Navabo. Squaw 



and man bom 



Arizona 



28,500. Their arid pasture-lands, 

 averaging 6,000 ft. in alt., have 

 been improved by irrigation, and 

 are under partial cultivation. 

 They are skilful weavers. Their 

 belief in a nature-goddess, " she- 

 who-grows-young," puts woman- 

 hood on a high plane. 



Naval and Military Club. 

 London club. Founded in 1 862, its 

 membership is open to officers, past 

 or present, of the fighting services. 

 The house is 94, Piccadilly, W. 



Naval Architects, INSTITUTION 

 OF. British technical society. 

 Founded in 1860, it holds meetings 

 annually for the discussion of ship 

 design and general questions of in- 

 terest to the members. The offices 

 are at 5, Adelphi Terrace, W.C. 



Naval Brigade. Name for a 

 body of sailors landed from a fleet 

 to fight on shore. Famous brigades 

 of this kind were the naval brigades 

 of the Shannon and Powerful, 

 which helped to defend Ladysmith 

 during the SoutA African War. 

 The name is als^' applied to the 



Nautilus. Sectional diagram oi 

 interior o! shell of pearly nautilus, 

 a. Mantle; b. Dorsal fold; g. Muscle 

 attaching body to shell; i i. Cham- 

 bers of shell; k. Funnel; n. Hood; 

 p. Fringed lobes suriounding mouth; 

 s. Eye; x. Shell and septa; z. 

 Newest chamber 



mixed naval or marine brigade, 

 consisting of brigades of the R.N.D., 

 battalions of R.M.L.I., and naval 

 volunteers and reservists, who were 

 sent to assist in the defence of 

 Antwerp in Oct., 1914. See 

 Antwerp. 



Naval Cadet. Name given to 

 boys training for commissions in 

 the British navy. They are trained 

 under a scheme inaugurated in 

 1903. Before that date all can- 

 didates had to be nominated by the 

 First Lord of the Admiralty, and 

 were selected by competitive 

 examination, there being a sharp 

 distinction between the engineer 

 and executive branches. 



Under the present scheme the 

 nominations are abolished, and the 

 training for both branches is the 

 same for the first four year's; Up to 

 April, 1921, the first two years were 

 spent at Osborne and the next two 

 at Dartmouth, but in that year 

 Osborne College was closed and the 

 cadets transferred, to I)artmouth. 

 Application for a boy's admission 

 has to be made when he is about 

 12 years old, and from the can- 

 didates recommended by a com- 

 mittee the First Lord selects those 

 who are to be admitted as cadets, 

 subject to their passing a quali- 

 fying examination. 



The education afforded at Dart- 

 mouth is like that given at any 

 public school, but there is a con- 

 stant naval atmosphere, and, in 

 addition to the'teaching of the ele- 

 ments of navigation and seaman- 

 ship, much more time is devoted to 

 science and practical mechanics. 

 Cadets are passed out on a final 

 examination at which they are 

 classified by merit, the rewards 

 being, in conjunction with their 

 next course, the possibility of a 

 maximum gain in seniority of three 

 months. Cadets who fail in this 

 examination are allowed to make a 

 second attempt at the end of the 

 following term. 



Cadets next pass to one of the 

 training cruisers Cornwall and 

 Cumberland, where they remain 

 about 8 months, including vaca- 

 tions, and do six months' cruising. 

 This time is wholly spent in pro- 

 fessional instruction. The course 

 being completed, the cadet, now 

 about 18 years of age, passes to a 

 ship of the fleet as a midshipman. 

 A few cadets are admitted direct to 

 Dartmouth (q.v.) from the mer- 

 cantile training ship Conway. 



Naval Construction, DEPART- 

 MENT OF. Branch of the British ad- 

 miralty. It is the department re- 

 sponsible to the admiralty board 

 for the construction of warships of 

 all kinds. At its head is a director 

 known as D.N.C., and with him is 

 a director of warship production 

 (D.W.P.). ee Admiralty; Navy. 



Naval Discipline Act. The 

 British navy's code of common 

 law. Formally described as 29 and 

 30 Viet. c. 109, the Act provides 

 for the maintenance of discipline in 

 the Royal Navy, and is amended 

 from time to time. 



Naval Division, ROYAL. Body 

 of volunteers raised by the British 

 admiralty in the Great War. Each 

 battalion was named after a famous 

 admiral, e.g. Anson, Drake, Hawke, 

 Hood. The headquarters were at 

 the Crystal Palace, London, where 

 the men were trained. Popularly 

 known as the R.N.D., a detach- 

 ment was sent to Antwerp in Oct., 

 1914, and, being cut off during 

 the retreat, considerable numbers 

 were driven into Holland and 

 interned. Part of the force fought 

 in. Gallipoli in 1915, and later 

 in France, where the division was 

 ultimately disbanded and distri- 

 buted among other units. As 

 the R.N.D. it captured Beaucourt, 

 Nov. 13-14, 1916, in the battle of 

 the Ancre. Viscount Rothermere 

 provided funds to erect a monu- 

 ment there to the officers and 

 men who lost their lives in that 

 action, in which his son, Lieut, the 

 Hon. Vere S. T. Harmsworth, of the 

 Hawke battalion, fell. The main 

 memorial will be in London, to 

 take the form of a monument 

 at the foot of the Duke of York's 

 Steps. See Freyberg, B. C. 



Naval Prize BUI. British Act 

 of Parliament which governs the 

 computation and distribution of 

 naval prize mon'ey. The largest 

 amount in prize money ever gained 

 by a single British ship fell to a 

 small sloop, and amounted to 

 nearly a million pounds. To-day, 

 however, prize money counts for 

 comparatively little, though owing 

 to the Great War over 9,500,000 

 was paid out in the period Aug. 

 14, 1914, to March 31, 1920. See 

 Prize Court ; Prize Money. 



