NEW HAMPSHIRE 



5707 



\\hirh was mapped with fair ac- 

 curacy as a result of the visita of 

 -.-i, 'nii-its such as A. II. Wallace 

 during the I'.tth rriiturv. Tin- in 

 t.-n.'i- has not been fully explored, 

 but mountains have been named, 

 \riik. Orange, Nassau, and Cli.nl. - 

 I ...in-, llanges; the lower courses of 

 the rivers Mamberano, Digul. 

 Merauke, etc., are known, am! 

 Smt.mi I^ake has been visit. -.1 

 Mu. h of the area is covered with 

 piiiiii'val forest; rice, sugar-cane, 

 in ii/. . and yams are cultivated by 

 the natives ; marsupials, birds of 

 paradise, emus ana trepang are 

 typical animals. 



" A progressive policy now makes 

 for greater cooperation of effort ; 

 the three divisions, S., N., and W., 

 are united under an administrator 

 resident in the territory. Fakfak, 

 Merauke, Okaba, Koembe are 

 centres of missionaries, police 

 agents, and traders. Plantations 

 are steadily increasing in acreage ; 

 coal has been found, copra is ex- 

 ported. The colony includes the 

 Schouten Islands off the N. coast 

 at the wide mouth of Geelink 

 Bay. Area, 150,000 sq. m. Pop., 

 est, 200,000. 



The former Kaiser Wilhelms- 

 land, acquired by Germany in 

 1884, is slightly better known. The 

 Kaiserin Augusta, Ramu, and 

 Markham rivers, the Victor Em- 

 manuel and Bismarck Ranges 

 have been slightly explored. A 

 small area has been planted with 

 coconut palms. Madang is the 

 chief place. Area, 72,000 sq. m. 

 Pop., est., 100,000. 



Since 1900 exploring parties 

 have made valuable discoveries ; 

 a new ant-eating porcupine, and a 

 new human type, the Tapiro 

 dwarfs, have been found in Dutch 

 New Guinea, and Wilhelmina Peak, 

 with its snow-clad summit, in the 

 Orange Range, has been reached. 

 Evidences of a prehistoric popula- 

 tion have been found near Huon 

 Gulf. The N. coast is high, the 

 rest low, swampy, and fringed with 

 mangroves. Above 13,000 ft. the 

 forest gives place to pastures 

 similar to those of the high Alps. 

 See Oceania ; Papua ; consult also 

 Head Hunters, Black, White, and 

 Brown, A. C. Haddon, 1902 ; The 

 New New Guinea, B. Grimshaw, 

 1911 ; The Annual Bulletin of 

 Papua. 



New Hampshire. State of the 

 U.S.A. It has a small stretch of 

 coast on the Atlantic, and its area 

 is 9,340 sq. m. Its uneven surface 

 attains an alt. of 6,288 ft. in Mt. 

 Washington, one of several peaks 

 of the White Mts. which exceed 

 5,000 ft. The state is drained 

 chiefly by the Merrimac in the 

 centre, Androscoggin in the N., 



Hew Guinea. Map ol the largest ill 

 Connecticut on the W. frontier, 

 and Fiscataqua on the S.E. border ; 

 of many small and picturesque 

 lakes Winnipesaukee has the 

 greatest area. More than 75 p.c. 

 of the surface is covered with 

 forest. Hay, maize, potatoes, and 

 oats are cultivated ; boots and 

 shoes and cotton and woollen goods 

 manufactured, and granite and 

 mica quarried. Upwards of 1,500 

 m. of rlys. serve the state. Two 

 senators and two representatives 

 are sent to Congress. Concord is 

 the capital, and other large 

 places are Manchester, Nashua, 

 Dover, and Portsmouth. 



The first settlement in New 

 Hampshire was made in 1623, 

 where Rye now stands. The dis- 

 trict was part of a grant of land 

 made to John Mason, and after 

 other settlements had been planted, 

 a dispute began between the 

 company of Massachusetts and the 

 heirs of Mason over the boundary. 

 In 1679 Charles II made New 

 Hampshire, which was in New 

 England, into a separate province, 

 but right up to the outbreak of the 

 War of Independence there were 

 boundary disputes with Massa- 

 chusetts. The people joined in the 

 fight for independence, and New 

 Hampshire was one of the 13 

 original states of the union. 

 Although it had suffered much 

 from the attacks of the Indians, it 

 was then a colony with about 

 80,000 inhabitants. Pop. 443,000. 



New Hanover. Island of the 

 Bismarck Archipelago. In the 

 Pacific Ocean, it was formerly a 

 German possession. It is separ- 

 ated from New Ireland, or New 

 Mecklenburg, by Byron Strait, i 

 Area, including several adjacent 

 islets, 540 sq m. Mountainous and 

 well timbered, it has fertile soil I 

 along the coast, producing copra, 

 coffee, rubber, and cotton. Called 

 Neuhannover by the Germans, it 

 was occupied by British troops in 

 1914. It is administered by Aus- 

 tralia under a mandate of the 

 League of Nations. 



New Harmony. Town of In- 

 diana, U.S.A., in Posey co. It 

 stands on the Wabash river, 17 m. 

 N. of Mount Vernon, and is served 

 by the Illinois Central Rly. It was 

 originally settled in 1814 by a 

 German community of religious 

 socialists known as Harmonists, 

 from whom it was acquired in 1824 

 by Robert Owen, who conducted 

 a socialistic experiment, which, 

 although at first successful, had 

 to be abandoned in 1826. New 

 Harmony has flour, brick, and 

 other industries. Pop. 1,200. 



Newhaven. Seaport and urban 

 dist. of Sussex. It stands at the 

 mouth of the Ouse, 8 m. E. of 

 Brighton and 56 from London. 

 The L.B. & S.C. Rly. has two 

 stations here, town and harbour. 

 The chief building is S. Michael's 

 Church, with a Norman tower and 

 chancel, restored and enlarged in 



Newhaven, Sussex. Mouth ol the Oue and harbour, looking inland, with 

 cross-channel passenger steamer leaving for Dieppe 



Bt* * CroitlM. Ltd. 



