NEW YORK 



5726 



NEW ZEALAND 



New York UNIVERSITY. Uni- 

 versity of the U.S.A. Its work is 

 carried on partly in its old buildings 

 in Washington Square, partly in 

 the halls and lecture rooms re- 

 cently erected on University 

 Heights in the Bronx. It has over 

 7,000 students, and 500 teachers. 



New York WEST. Town of New 

 Jersey, U.S.A., in Hudson co. It 

 stands on the Hudson river, 34 m.by 

 rly. S.E. of Pittsburg, and is served 

 by the Baltimore and Ohio, and the 

 Pittsburg and Lake Erie rlys. It 

 manufactures silk, embroideries, 

 buttons, cotton-seed oil, cloth, and 

 sugar. Pop. 29,900. 



New York Bay. Inlet on the 

 Atlantic coast of the U.S.A. It 

 comprises the upper and lower 

 bays, connected by a channel called 

 The Narrows. The upper bay lies 

 at the mouth of the Hudson river, 

 locally called the North river, and 

 on its shores is the city of New 

 York. It is joined to Newark Bay 

 by a channel called Kill Van Kull. 

 The lower and larger bay separates 

 Long Island and Staten Island from 

 the mainland of New Jersey. 



New York Evening Post, THE. 

 Daily newspaper established in 

 New York City in 1801 by Alexan- 

 der Hamilton. Its editors have 

 included William Cullen Bryant, 

 John Bigelow, Carl Schurz, and 

 E. L. Godkin. James (Viscount) 

 Bryce once described it as " decid- 

 edly the best paper printed in the 

 English language." In June, 1881, 

 it acquired The Nation (New 

 York), which has been issued 

 under its auspices since July 1 of 

 that year. In Aug., 1918, it was 

 purchased from Oswald G. Villard 

 by T. W. Lament, of the firm of 

 J. P. Morgan & Co. 



New York Herald, THE. Daily 

 and weekly newspaper established 

 as The Morning Herald in New 

 York City, May 6, 1835, by James 

 Gordon Bennett. The first of its 

 contemporaries to make a regular 

 feature of financial, shipping, and 

 religious news, it was also at the 

 outset a non-party organ, devoted 

 to news rather than opinion. The 

 present title was adopted Aug. 31, 

 1835. Its " scoops " began in 1863 

 with an exclusive account of Get- 

 tysburg. It sent Stanley to find 

 Livingstone in 1869, and, in con- 

 junction with the London Daily 

 Telegraph, commissioned Stanley's 

 journey to Central Africa in 1875. It 

 equipped the Jeannette expedition 

 to the Arctic in 1879. Its weekly 

 edition was begun in Dec., 1836 ; 

 its European (Paris) edition, Oct. 

 3, 1887. A London edition started 

 in 1889 lasted less than 18 months. 

 When the French government left 

 for Bordeaux, Sept., 1914, the 

 Herald staff remained in Paris. 



The paper was purchased by 

 Frank A. Munsey in Jan., 1920, and 

 merged in The New York Sun, the 

 morning edition being called The 

 New York Herald, and the evening 

 edition The Evening Sun. See the 

 historical supplement, issued May 

 7, 1916 ; Memoirs of Bennett and 

 His Times, I. A. Pray, 1855. 



New York State Barge Canal. 

 Waterway from Buffalo on Lake 

 Erie to Troy on the Hudson river. 

 It is 352 m. long, to which its 

 Oswego and Cayuga-Seneca tribu- 

 taries add another 100 m. Its 

 minimum depth is 12 ft., its bot- 

 tom width varies from 75 ft. to 

 200 ft., and it is served by 57 locks. 

 Designed to accommodate 1,000- ton 

 barges, it makes it possible to bring 

 cargoes from the head of Lake 

 Superior to special barge terminals 

 in New York Harbour with only 

 one transhipment at Buffalo. It 

 was opened May 15, 1918, and cost 

 30,000,000. It follows the line of 

 the old Erie Canal, and use has 

 been made of lakes Oneida, 

 Cayuga, and Seneca, and of the 

 Mohawk, Oneida, Oswego, and 

 Huron rivers, the levels of which 

 have in places been altered by 

 dams to suit the needs of the canal. 



New York Sun, THE. Inde- 

 pendent morning newspaper, with 

 a weekly edition, established in 

 New York City, Sept. 3, 1833, by 

 Benjamin H. Day. It maintained 

 its own home and foreign corre- 

 spondents, independently of the 

 Associated Press, a rival to which 

 it founded in. Laffan's News 

 Agency. From an early date it 

 adopted an abolitionist policy on 



the slavery question. In 1868 it 

 passed into the hands of Charles 

 A. Dana, who edited it until his 

 death in 1897. Acquired by Frank 

 A. Munsey, 1916, it was later issued 

 as The Evening Sun. See The Story 

 of the Sun, F. M. O'Brien, 1917. 



New York Times, THE. Inde- 

 pendent Democratic morning news- 

 paper, established in New York 

 City by H. J. Raymond, Sept. 18, 

 1851. It issues a weekly edition, 

 notable for its literary section, 

 The New York Times Saturday 

 Review. In 1896 it came under the 

 control of Adolph S. Ochs and 

 C. R. Miller. 



New York Tribune, THE. Re- 

 publican daily and weekly news- 

 paper, established in New York 

 City, April 3, 1841, by Horace 

 Greeley. He remained its governing 

 editor until his death in 1872, 

 being succeeded as chief proprietor 

 and principal editor by Whitelaw 

 Reid, who acted as The Tribune's 

 correspondent in the Civil War, 

 and had been a leader writer since 

 1865. The Tribune, which set the 

 example during the Franco-Prus- 

 sian War of using the cable for 

 war correspondence, consistently 

 supported the Allied cause in the 

 Great War, its war leaders, by 

 Frank H. Simonds, attracting wide 

 attention. 



New York World, THE. Demo- 

 cratic daily and weekly newspaper, 

 founded in New York City in 1861. 

 From 1876-83 the property of Jay 

 Gould, it was bought by Joseph 

 Pulitzer, under whose control it 

 became one of the most widely 

 circulated newspapers in the U.S.A. 



NEW ZEALAND: A BRITISH DOMINION 



B. C. Wallis, Author of A Geography of the World 



This Encyclopedia contains articles on Dunedin, Wellington, and 



other important places in the Dominion. See the biographies of 



Seddon, and other New Zealanders of note ; also Geyser 



New Zealand is a British Dom- they form part of the great festoon 



inion in the South Seas. Politically of islands which begins at New 



it embraces the two main islands, Guinea, ends at Antipodes Island, 



North and South, and includes New Caledonia. They 



the small Stewart are separated by the 1,000 m. of 



Island separated the deep Tasman Sea from the E. 

 from the S. end 

 of S. Island by 

 Foveaux Strait, 



coast of Australia. 



N. and S. islands are in striking 

 contrast. South Island consists of 

 and many islands a great mt. range, the Southern 

 in the neighbour- Alps, alpine in magnitude, the 

 ing seas. Of the culminating peak, Mt. Cook, being 

 latter the Auck- 12,349 ft. in elevation, with alps 

 land and Ker- or summer pastures, alpine lakes, 

 madec groups, and the smaller glaciers, and snowfields. The W. 

 Campbell, Three Kings', Antipodes, slopes almost reach the shore, and 



New Zealand 

 aims 



and Bounty islands are unin- 

 habited; the Chatham and Cook 



are clothed with mighty fern 

 forests ; in the S. Milford Sound is 



groups contain over 13,000 people ; the best known fiord ; the E. slopes 

 in addition the Dominion is the reach the Canterbury Plains, 

 mandatory for the former German N. Island consists of a highland 



colony of Western Samoa. 



reaching from Mt. Egmont in the 



The two large islands cover an S.W. to East Cape in the N.E., 

 area of 102,250 sq. m. Physically, and two peninsulas ; the first of 



