Vaslay Nijinsky. 

 Russian dancer 



NIJINSKY 



Ntfinsky, VASLAV (b. 1892). 

 Russian dancer. Born at Warsaw, 

 and trained in the imperial ballet, 

 St. Petersburg, 

 he made his 

 first public ap- 

 pearance there 

 in 1907. He 

 toured in 

 Europe and 

 created a new 

 and realistic 

 style of ballet 

 dancing. His 

 first appear- 

 ance in Eng- 

 land was at 

 Covent Gar- 

 den, London, 

 in 1911. His 

 famous parts were in Petrushka, 

 Carnival, The Spectre of the Rose, 

 and The Faun's Afternoon. 



Nijmegen, NIMEGUEN, OR NYM- 

 WEGEN. Town of the Netherlands, 

 in the prov. of Gelderland. It lies 

 on the left bank of the Waal, 10J 

 m. by rly. S. of Arnhem, and is a 

 rly. junction. The suburb of Lent 

 is on the right bank. The industries 

 include brewing, the manufacture 

 of leather, tobacco, etc. The great 

 church, dedicated to S. Stephen, is 

 a Gothic building begun c. 1270, 

 with work of the 14th and 15th 

 centuries ; its fine tower was 

 rebuilt in 1593. The town hall, in 

 the Renaissance style of the 16th 

 century, restored in 1882, contains 

 a museum of antiquities. 



Nijmegen was known to the 

 Romans as Noviomagus, and was 

 a seat of the Carolingian, Franco- 

 nian, and Hohenstaufen emperors. 

 A free town of the empire, it 

 joined the Hanseatic League, and 

 in 1579 the union of Utrecht. It 

 was held by the Spaniards, 1585- 

 91, and was taken by Turenne in 

 1672. Pop. 66,000. 



Nijmegen, TREATY OF. Peace 

 that ended the war between 

 France and a coalition formed by 

 the Empire, Spain, and the Dutch 

 Republic. France and Holland 

 signed on August 11, 1678, and 

 the others later, the final arrange- 

 ment being made about a year 

 afterwards. By it France received 

 Franche Comte and the control 

 of Lorraine, and some of the fort- 

 resses of the Netherlands, while 

 to her ally, Sweden, were returned 

 territories in Germany taken from 

 her during the war. This treaty is 



generally regarded as marking the 

 eight of Louis XIV's power. 

 Nijni-Novgorod. Government 

 of central Russia. Its chief river 

 is the Volga, and its capital Nijni- 

 Novgorod. The country generally 

 is low-lying, swampy, and wooded, 

 one-third of its area consisting 

 of forest land. Agriculture and 



5744 



cattle-breeding are little developed. 

 Its area is 19,789 sq. m. Pop. 

 2,080,000. Pron. Nizhny. 



Nijni-Novgorod. Capital of the 

 govt. of the same name in Russia. 

 Situated at the confluence of the 



Volga and the 



Oka, and on the 

 Moscow-Nijni- 

 Novgorod Rly., 

 250 m. N.E. of 

 Moscow, it is 

 divided into three 

 parts : the upper 

 town on three 

 Nijni-Novgorod hills, surmounted 

 arms by a citadel, 



with the chief administrative and 

 military buildings; the lower town, 

 on the right bank of the Volga ; 

 and the Kunavino suburb, between 

 the Oka and Volga, where the great 

 fair is held. 



Among its numerous ecclesias- 

 tical buildings the cathedral of 

 the Transfiguration, the church 

 of the Annunciation, and the 

 Pecherski convent deserve notice. 

 There is a brisk trade in cereals, 

 metals, and fish. The great fair, 

 which lasts from July 25 to Sept. 

 10, has a world-wide reputation. 

 From 1550 it was held at Makariev, 

 but was transferred to Nijni-Nov- 



daughter of the giant Pallas, and 

 was elevated to Olympus by Zeus 

 because, with her sisters, she was 

 the first to assist him in his battle 

 with the Titans. In art, Nike is 

 represented as a winged figure with 

 a palm or a wreath, and in Roman 

 times with a shield. She is often 

 represented, also, as guiding the 

 horses of conquering heroes. 



Nikisch, ARTHUR (1855-1922). 

 Hungarian musician. Born at 

 Szent-Miklos, Hungary, Oct. 12, 

 1855, he studied music as a child 

 in Vienna, where he became a vio- 

 linist in the imperial orchestra 

 untilappointed 

 conductor at 

 the Leipzig 

 theatre. H/e 

 conducted the 

 Symphony Or- 

 c h e s t r a nt 

 Boston, 1880- 

 93, orchestras 

 at Budapest, 

 Hamburg, ftnd 

 Berlin, and the 

 Gewandhaus concerts at Leipzig. 

 He died Jan. 23, 1922. 



Nikko. Religious centre of 

 Japan, in Honshu. It is almost due 

 N., and 91 m. by rly. from Tokyo, 

 the terminus of a branch linfc near 



Arthur Nikisch, 

 Hungarian musician 



Nijru-Novgorod, Russia. City and harbour on the Volga, from the fair-ground. 

 On the hill across the river is the Kremlin or fortress 



gorod when Makariev was burnt 

 down in 1817. The town was 

 founded in 1221 by Yuri, prince 

 of Suzdal-Vladimir, and after the 

 downfall of the Kazan Tartars, in 

 1552, became the chief centre of 

 exchange for Russian and Asiatic 

 goods. Pop. 

 112,300. 



Nijni Tagilsk. j 

 Village and min- [ 

 ing centre of E. ^^i^^.^ 

 Russia. It is in 

 the govt., and 

 140 m. N.E., of 

 Perm, on the river 

 Tagil and the 

 Ural Rly. Pop. 

 45,000. 



Nike. In Greek 

 mythology, the 

 goddess of victory, 

 called Victoria 

 by the Romans. 

 She was the 



the Daiyagawa, an affluent of the 

 Kinugawa. N.E. to S.W. lies the 

 Nikko range with peaks between 

 5,000 and 8,000 ft. alt. The dis- 

 trict is celebrated for its scenery, 

 the tombs of Shogun emperors, 

 and the numerous temples. 



Nikko, Japan. 



Courtyard and temples in the mausoleum 

 of the Shogun lyeyasu 



