NOLLE PROSEQUl 



5757 



NONCONFORMITY 



Nolle prose qui (Lit., to )>< un- 

 \\illiiit,' to proaeouto). In I 

 l.iu. i it-mi used when tln> ut tor- 

 M-i.il. prosecuting uu behalf 

 <if t!i<- crown, discontinues the 

 proceedinga against ono ur all the 

 accused lit- does this by a writing 

 uiiili-r In- i n iMnc. Thia d'-u- 

 n it-nt is handed to the clerk of the 



i. tin- pi...-.-dmv being called 



rut i-ring a nolle prosequi. 



Noma. Severe form of gan- 

 itTevtinu' tin- mucous mem- 

 brane of the mouth. Noma pu- 

 dendi affects the external genital 

 organs. See Gangrene. 



Nomad (Gr. nomadea, pastoral 

 rangers). Term denoting peoples 

 who range from place to place in 

 quest of sustenance. They may 

 hunt afoot, as the Australian abori- 

 gines and the Bushmen, or on 

 horseback, as the pampas Indians, 

 while they may be quasi-industrial 

 van-dwellers, as the gipsies. The 

 term, however, denotes specifically 

 pastoral tent-dwellers, whose eco- 

 nomic life and culture were de- 

 veloped on Eurasian steppes and 

 African grasslands along the mar- 

 gins of cultivable hinds or deserts. 

 See Beduins ; Ethnology ; Kirghiz. 



No Man's Land. Term applied 

 to a piece of unused or unowned 

 land. A plot of waste land outside 

 London Wall where executions 

 took place was so designated in the 

 14th century. In the 18th century 

 the term was used for a space used 

 for storing ropes, blocks, etc., on 

 board ship. In the Great War it 

 was used for the terrain between 

 the front-line trenches of the oppos- 

 ing forces. See Trench Warfare. 



Nome (Gr. nomos, district). 

 Territorial division in ancient 

 Egypt. In the Xllth dynasty 

 there were 20 in Lower Egypt and 

 22 in Upper Egypt and 13 in the 

 Sudan. There were probably 100 

 under the new empire, and 60 in 

 Roman times. Each had its civil 

 capital, the residence of the here- 

 ditary nomarch (heq), and the seat 

 of the patron deity. Nome is also, 

 in modern Greece, the name for a 

 province. See Egypt. 



Nome. City of Alaska, U.S.A., 

 on Si-ward Peninsula. It stands 

 on the N. shore of Norton Sound, 

 and gold was. first worked here in 

 1899. The city grew from a settle- 

 ment called Anvil City. Pop. 2,250. 



Nomenclature (Lat. women, 

 name; calare, to call). System of 

 naming, for instance, the nomen- 

 clature of botany. See Name : 

 Place Name. 



Nominalism (Lat. nomen, 

 name). A term in scholastic philo- 

 sophy, opposed to realism. It was 

 first introduced by Roscellinus at 

 the end of the llth century. Its 

 upholders asserted that genera 



and Bpecies, the univemal notion*, 

 had no real existence, being merely 

 aounda and * .--is of 



abstraction. iii, nothing concrete 

 corresponding to them ; the in. 

 dividual alone ha* a real existence. 

 l.o ML- before, Antisthenes the Cynic 

 i< -dared that he could aee a 

 hone, but not honeneM (the con- 

 cept of hone). Realiam won tin- 

 day, but in the 14th n-ntury Oc- 

 cam again brought nominalism 

 into favour. Abelard'a conceptual- 

 i>m wiw ;i kind of middle term 

 between ii.iimii.il wm and realism. 

 See Philosophy ; Rc.dwm. 



Nominative (Lat. nominare, 

 to name). In inflexional languages, 

 the name given to the caae indi u 

 ing the subject or attribute. In the 

 I ndo- European group the ending of 

 the nominative singular masculine 

 and feminine was -a (equua, via) 

 or the simple stem (pater, ransa); 

 of the neuter -m, or the simple atom 

 (iii/iim. mare); in the plural oa 

 (es), oi (i), ai (ae) for masculine 

 and feminine (patres, oves, vici for 

 vicoi, musae for musai). It is pro- 

 bable that the nominative suffix is 

 in its origin pronominal. The nomi- 

 native is known as cagus rectux, the 

 upright, independent case, which Is 

 in no way subordinate to the 

 other elements of the sentence. See 

 Grammar. 



Non-combatant. Term for 

 those who, in time of war, are not 

 treated as fighting men, either by 

 their own people or by the enemy. 

 It thus includes all save the 



soldiers in arms, but more strictly 

 it is given to those who serve with 

 the forces, but do not bear arm*. 

 e.g. chaplains and tome of those 

 employed in clerical and manual 

 labour. Non-combatant members 

 of armies are recognized by The 

 Hague convention. During the 

 Great War a non-combatant corps 

 was established in Great Britain. 

 It consisted of those who bad a 

 conscientious objection to fighting. 



In the British army in thepast 

 surgeons and commissariat office 

 were regarded as non-combatants 

 and bore honorary rank, but dis- 

 content with this inferiority caused 

 them to desire the rank and status 

 of ( M tuba tan t officers. When the 

 Army Service Corps and Royal 

 Army Medical Corps came into 

 existence ili<-ir officers were en- 

 titled to sit on courts-martial and 

 to wear a sword. In the Indian 

 army the non-combatant* are called 

 followers, as at one time they were 

 i-. I. and in a division there 

 are over 3,000 of them. See Con- 

 scientious Objector; Labour Corps; 

 War. 



Non-commissioned Officer. 

 Soldier of any rank between private 

 and warrant officer (</.r. ). The 

 three principal grades in the 

 British army, each separately de- 

 scribed, are lance-corporal, or 

 bombardier in the artillery, cor- 

 poral, and serjeant, wearing re- 

 spectively one, two, and three in- 

 verted chevrons on the sleeve. Its 

 abbreviation is N.C.O. 



NONCONFORMITY IN GREAT BRITAIN 



Sav. W. B. Selbie. M.A., Principal of Manifleld College. Oxford 

 With this article shotrtd be read the articles on the various Free 

 Churches, e.g. Baptists ; Congregationalism ; Methodism ; Society 

 of Friends. Sec Anglicanism; Presbyterian ism ; also Banyan. 



Milton; England: History; Passive Resistance ; Puritans 



Nonconformity, in the sense in 

 which the word is almost always 

 used, can only exist in countries 

 where there is an established 

 Church. It is a religious movement 

 which exists outside and indepen- 

 dent of such. There are con- 

 sequently Nonconformists in 

 England and Scotland, although 

 not in Ireland, Wales, or the self- 

 governing dominions, but in -jt-n 

 eral speech the word is confined to 

 those of England. 



In the strict sense of the term 

 Nonconformity came into beinn in 

 England with the enforcement of 

 the Act of Uniformity in 1662. 

 But the spirit which then led to 

 the setting up of < 'hun-hes in separ- 

 ation from the Establishment nad 

 IOHL; mode itself felt in the religious 

 life of the country. It was akin to 

 that which stirred up the Kefornm- 

 tion in Kurope. It showed itself l>y 

 anticipation in John Wycliffe and 



the Lollards. It was responsible 

 for the Puritanism of Bishop 

 Hooper and for the Presbyterian- 

 ism of Cartwright, and it led to the 

 separatist revolt against the Eras- 

 tianism of Eli/.;il-th and her ad- 

 visers under Browne and Barrow. 



The publication of the first 

 Prayer Book of Edwaid VI, and 

 the Act of Uniformity whi.-h re- 

 t|uin-d its use in all churches, may 

 be said to have given definite 

 shape to the .-pint of Noncon- 

 formity While intended mainly 

 as a repudiation of Catholic prac- 

 tice, this measure had the unex- 

 pected effect of offending the 

 Puritan party in the ('hurvh, and 

 fort-inn them to a statement of 

 their position whieh was practi- 

 cally identical with that of a free 

 Church in a fnv State. 



Under Elizabeth, whose : 

 though largely responsible for the 

 Anglican ria media, was yet 



