NORTH 



3767 



NORTH AMERICA 



North, HAHON. Knj-lwh till.- 

 I ."." I I iy flu- family "f 

 Nnith. Sit I . .rth, a pro- 



minent in the 



time i.' III, WM made a 



t..u..n in I ".."-I Hi- no K> '.!. tli<- 

 2nd I .iir- .11. wan ambaMador to 

 France. His descendant. Charles, 

 the 5th baron, was made Baron 

 I. ut tlm til li- expired with 

 his son. tin- Hili l>;iron, in IT.'il. 

 The 7th I. in >n was a con-in. 

 who was already Baron Guilford, 

 unl in 17f>2 was made earl of 

 (iiiilfonl. The two titles were 

 held together until Isni.', when the 

 : I died. The barony then 

 fell into abeyance, remaining so 

 until 1841. It was then granted to 

 Susan, daughter of the earl of 

 (iiiilfuni. She and her husband, 

 J. S. Doyle, took the name of 

 North, and in 1884 their son Wil- 

 liam became the llth baron. The 

 family seat is Wroxton Park, Ban- 

 bury. See Guilford, Earl of. 



North, FitKDKiucK NORTH. LORD 

 (1732-92). English statesman. 

 Born April 13 1732, son of Fran- 

 cis, 1st earl of 

 G u i 1 f o rd, 

 whom he suc- 

 ceeded in 1790, 

 he was edu- 

 cated at Eton 

 and Trinity 

 College, Ox- 

 ford. Entering 

 Parliament, 

 1754, he was 

 chancellor of 

 the exchequer, 

 1767, and first 

 lord of the treasury in 1770, and 

 was fiercely attacked for his sup- 

 port of George III. Resigning in 

 1782, he formed a coalition with 

 C. J. Fox, and held office again 

 April-Dec., 1783. He died in Lon- 

 don, August 5, 1792. See Life, 

 2 vols., R. J. Lucas, 1913. 



North, CmusToi'iiER. Pseu- 

 donym adopted by John Wilson 

 (7.1;.), professor of moral philo- 

 sophy at Edinburgh and a promi- 

 nent contributor to Blackwood's 

 Magazine. 



North, SIR THOMAS (c. 1535-c. 

 1601 ). English translator. Younger 

 son of Edward, Baron North his 

 fame resta almost entirely upon 

 his translation of Plutarch's Lives, 

 made from the French version of 

 Amyot. The book was Shake- 

 speare's chief source for Julius 

 Caesar, Antony and Cleopatra, and 

 other classical plays. North wrote 

 in a vivid and powerful style, and 

 was one of the makers of English 



u, and u the capital of the 



Frederick, Lord North. 

 English statesman 



After Dauct 



Northallerton. Market town 

 and urban dist of Yorkshire (N.R. ), 

 England. It is 30 m. from York 

 on the N.E. Rly., on which it is a 



church of All 



Nn.th 



is the cruciform 

 Saint*, mainly 

 of the 12th cen- 

 tury, with i 

 Perpendicular 

 tower. There 

 are a hospital 

 founded in the 

 15th century 

 and a grammar 

 school, while 

 near are the re- 

 mains of a Carthusian priory, 

 Mount Grace (q.v. ). The industries 

 include tanning, brewing, malting, 

 ami eii::iiieeritiu works; also the 

 making of saddlery and other 

 leather goods. Standard Hill .'i m. 



North .illrrtun arini 



manorial rihU until IMS. They 

 had a palace here, and there were 

 at least two religious bouses in the 

 town. It WM represented In Par- 

 liament by two member* until 

 tnd by one until 1885. It 

 WM governed by a local board 

 from 1851 until 1894. when it 

 became an urban district Market 



-d. Pop. 4.800. 



Northam. Urban dist and mar- 



*n of Devonshire, England. 



It stands near the left bank of the 



_, 1} m. from Bideford, 



with a station on the Bideford. 



Westward Ho and Appiedore Rly. 



Market days. Wed. and Sat Pop. 



5.500. Another Northam is in 



Hampshire, part of the county 



borough of Southampton. 



Northallerton, Yorkshire. High Street, looking towards the church o! All 



to the N., was the scene of the 

 battle of the Standard (q.v.), 1138. 

 Northallerton was the property, 

 in the Middle Ages, of the bishops 

 of Durham, and they held the 



Northam. Town of Western 

 Australia. It is 57 m. E. from Perth 

 by rly., a junction for the S. line to 

 Albany, and the centre of a rich 

 agricultural district Pop. 4,200. 



NORTH AMERICA: A GENERAL SKETCH 



F. A. McKenzie, Anglo-Canadian Journalist and Traveller 



The reader will find furlker information in the articles America; 



Canada ; Mexico ; United States ; and in those on the cities and 



towns, rivers, lakes, and mountain ranees of the continent. See also 



Altec ; Emigration ; Maya ; Negro 



North America, covering an area, 

 of approximately 8,200,000 sq. m., 

 is bounded W. by the Pacific Ocean, 

 E. by the Atlantic, terminates S. 

 in a narrow isthmus connecting 

 it with S. America, and extends N. 

 to the Arctic. It has a population 

 of about 134,000,000. 



Politically N. America is divided 

 from E. to W. N. of 46 and the 

 Great I-akes, except Alaska and 

 Newfoundland, is the dominion of 

 Canada. Alaska is a dependency 

 of the U.S.A., which, streU-liini; 

 from the 46th parallel to the bor- 

 ders of Mexico, is the main centra 

 of wealth and population, contain- 

 ing approximately four-fifths of 

 the population of the continent. 

 The republic of Mexico, which ex- 

 tends from the S. land borders of 

 the U.S.A. to Guatemala, is a great 

 plateau of amazing natural wealth. 

 Southward of it is Central America. 

 To the S.E. of the U.S.A. are a 

 large number of islands, including 

 the Bahamas, the negro republic 



of Haiti, Santo Domingo, and the 

 island of Cuba. 



Geographically the lines of divi- 

 sion in N. America ran from N. to 

 S. The W. comprises the highest 

 land in N. America, the Cordilleras, 

 extending inland from the Pacific 

 from 300 to 1.000 m. The E. in 

 chides the Appalachian highlands, 

 and an Atlantic coastal plain. 

 Between them the Central Plain 

 reaches from N. to S.. with an ill- 

 defined watershed in the Height of 

 Land near the U.S.A. northern 

 boundary. The name Rocky Mts 

 is frequently used for the W 

 Cordillera ; the term is strictly 

 applicable only to the E. ranges 

 \\lni-li rise sharply to the W. of 

 the Central Plain. Here are the 

 sources of numerous rivers, such 

 M the Missouri, which flow over 

 the Central Plain. W. of the 

 Rookie* lies the Great Plateau. 

 In the N. the Yukon plateau has 

 deeply incised river valleys ; the 

 plateau of British Columbia giTes 



