NORTH AMERICAN 



8769 



NORTHAMPTON 



Tli<- :n t 

 enli.iiy Wfi- in. i. It- ,i* .1 --(town. 

 : (<> Him. in. I w 11 only 

 saved by tin- nutnm,- .,,, i 

 of .l.,|in Smith. > \\ ,||, , | 

 ;itn>ducod the HHIO|> ; 

 tobacco when in En-,'l;ind. and th.- 

 .:<! ! -I..UU in 

 Virginia. Number* ..( i 

 i. u m. -rs flocked over and <ulti 

 vated Virginian l.md to t|,.-n- ,,\MI 

 great profit Later on. aft-r tlu< 

 fall of Charles I, many of hi* cava- 

 ^ttled in Virginia, Th 

 Piluritn Fat hers (7. r. ) led the famous 

 exodus of British Nonconformist* 

 to New England. Virginia and New 

 England still show the contrasting 

 roii|M from which they sprang; 

 the Virginians, charming, hos- 

 pitaNe, and gallant; the New 

 Englanders, shrewd, stern, doers of 

 m. it things. The British stock 

 gradually dominated. Only .M-\i. -o 

 and Central America have retained 

 their dominating Spanish character- 

 istics, and Quebec the French 

 speech and ways. 



Tbe Negro Problem 



During the greater part of the 

 19th century the white men stead- 

 ily conquered the west. There were 

 tragic and bitter wars between 

 pioneer settlers and the Indian 

 tribes, who were gradually dis- 

 armed and given reservations, 

 where they could live their own 

 life. Sir John Hawkins, who with 

 Drake fought the Spanish Armada, 

 started a traffic which was to 

 create America's greatest racial 

 problem. He began kidnapping 

 negroes on the coast of Guinea, and 

 bringing them to the West Indies 

 as slaves. The traffic grew, the 

 negroes being sold to the tobacco 

 planters of Virginia and to the 

 cotton growers of the south. The 

 result of this traffic is the negro 

 population in the U.S.A., number- 

 ing approximately ten millions. 



The discovery of gold in Cali- 

 fornia in 1848 caused an immense 

 migration to the Pacific coast. 

 The British Government sent 

 troops across Canada, and laid at 

 New Westminster the foundations 

 of British Columbia. The building 

 of rlys. from the Atlantic to the 

 Pacific marked the main stage 

 in the settlement of the continent. 

 Large numbers of Scottish peasants 

 settled in Canada early in the 19th 

 century, and still form some of 

 the most successful farming com- 

 munities there. The great famine 

 in Ireland was followed by a whole- 

 sale exodus to the U.S.A. 



The rly. era and the inune'\.-. in- 

 dustrial activity brought about 

 by the opening up of mines and the 

 growth of manufactures in the last 

 half of the 19th century, led to u 

 great inflow of settlers from Europe, 



wh.> have materially affected the 

 life Of kith Canada ai..: 



Western (Yutada h*< been mainly 

 peopled by farmers from thr i 

 inl labourer* from E. I 

 Italian* and EMtera Euroiieans 

 are the uiukilled and semi killed 

 immigrant labourer* of America. 



Many Chinese were brought over 

 to help in the building of the 

 Iran*- Pacific rly* They were fol- 

 lowed by Japanese. Thto Oriental 

 n caused considerable 

 alarm, and severe restrictive me*. 

 urea have been nsssed agm 

 in i...th the U.S.A. and Canada. 



HMvyrnpl. 

 AiiK-ririt. .) . 

 ell, 1904; Stan- 

 forii'rt Compendium 

 of Geography and 

 Travel, N. 

 ioa, vol. 1, < 

 and Newfoundland. 

 newed.,ediu-<l II M. 

 Ami, 1915 ; vol. 2, 

 United State*, ed. 



H. Ciumett. 1898; 

 North America 

 during the Eight- 

 eenth Century. B. 

 C. Walli* and T. 

 Croclcrtt, 1915. 



N'orth.tiiijitn 



1 v : 



*Uo the co. town. 1 1 



Irll l,,,,k ..! UK- 



V .. ' -, ' . 



: .. \ . I. 



* N.V7. and 

 Mid. Rly*. The 

 obief building. 

 are the 



pariah cburcbM . 

 ortb..,too arsu 



..-. mainly Norman ; H. Giles, 

 varied in style and of somewhat 

 later data ; All SamU. rebuilt after 



Northampton. EnRland. Town Hill. 



built in 1864. Top. right, exterior ol 



the round cbnroh ol S. Sepulchre 



North American Review, THE. 

 New York monthly. It was 

 found. -d in Boeton, May. 1815, an 

 outcome of the Monthly Anthology 

 or Magazine of Light Literature of 

 the Anthology Club (1804-11). 

 Originally a quarterly, it was 

 changed into a monthly after its 

 purchase by Allen Thorndike Rice 

 in 1877 "\V. C. Bryant, whose 

 Thanatopsw appeared in its pages 

 in Sept. 1817, Longfellow, W. 11 

 Preacott, and J. L. Motley contri- 

 buted to it ; and among it* 

 were R. H. Dans, Kd:ml Kvrrvtt. 

 .1. K. l-oell. Q E N tton, and 

 George Hat multaneous 



puolii -at ion of .irt i.-le- in thin review 

 :<nd the Fn-n.-li K-vue dcs Deux 

 Mondra wa* inaugurated in 1801. 



1675 ; and tbe round church of S. 

 Sepulchre. There is a modern 

 Roman Catholic cathedra! 

 John's and S. Thomas's honpital* 

 are old foundation*, the former 

 being an interesting medieval 

 building. The county hall date* 

 from the 17tb century, and thr 

 grammar school from the . 10th. 

 The toxvn hall, museum, free 

 library, and com exchange are 

 modern. The town h* a Urge 

 market place, and its public park* 

 n,. hide the racecourse and Abinc- 

 ton Park. 1 1 has a service of electric 

 tramways, an opera house, two 

 theatre*, and picture palace*. The 

 chief industry is the manufacture of 

 boots and shoe*. Other industries 

 include tanning, brewing, iron- 

 founding, and brickmaking. 



N .rthampton began as an English 

 settlement. After the Norman Con- 

 quest a castle was built here, and 

 later the king* held parliament* 

 1 1 was made a corporate 

 town in the 12th century, and sent 

 two members to Parliament until 

 1918. when the representation was 

 reduced to one. It was made a 

 . ..unty borough in 188* 

 making of boot* began here in th<- 

 13th century. In 1075 much of thr 

 town was destroyed by fire. At 

 Hardingxtonr. I m. to the 8., i* one 

 of the existing Eleanor cross**, and 

 nt-.ii kkfl kova vw - \. nliel 

 houses. Market day*. Wed. and 

 Sat Pop. (1921) 90.923, 



