NORTH-WEST 



8779 



NORTON 



across it to the W. near the 

 Kurram river and whore the pro- 



.:. mis across it t<> t i 

 Ilazat-.-i. Baluchistan and .-V 

 istan lie on the W. and K 



on II:, 



The tnritory described above 

 comprises five British districts and 

 five political agencies. The dis- 

 tricts- ul Kh.ui. Ban- 

 mi. Kuli.-it, iv-hawar. and Hazara 

 contain 13,000 sq. m. and 

 2,200.000 people, moat of whom 

 are Mahomedana and more than a 

 thin! I '.it hang. The agencies 

 N. Wa/inM in. S. \N a/iti-tan. the 

 Kurram. tin- Khyber, and Chit nil, 

 Swat, and Dir cover 26,000 sq. m. 

 and are occupied by independent 

 tribes controlled by the chief 

 c -ommissioner of the province. 



The province is mountainous 

 and much cut up into valleys with 

 cross connexion each with the 

 others ; the tribes are warlike and 

 turbulent, and military expedi- 

 tions are continually necessary 

 to maintain a semblance of peace. 

 The administrative control of this 

 difficult area is essential strategi- 

 cally in relation to Afghanistan ; 

 hence the seat of administration at 

 Peshawar dominates the Indian 

 end of the Khyber Pass. The 

 Kabul, Kurram, and Gomal rivers 

 cross the prov. from Afghanistan 

 to join the Indus. The mts. are 

 the Hindu Kush, Safed Koh, and 

 Suleiman ranges. The prov. was 

 formed in 1901. See The Punjab, 

 North- West Frontier Province, and 

 Kashmir, J. Douie, 1916. 



North- West Mounted Police, 

 ROYAL. Name formerly held by the 

 special force of police maintained 

 for the purpose of keeping order 

 in the sparsely populated parts of 

 Canada. In 1919 it was merged in 

 the new Canadian Mounted Police 

 (q.v. ). Applicants for admission 

 must be between 22 and 40 years of 

 age, good riders, and of exceptional 

 pnysique. No married men are 

 admitted. See The Riders of the 

 Plains, A. L. Haydon, 1910. 



North -West Passage. Name 

 given to an assumed passage to 

 China (Cathay) round the N. of 

 America. Attempts to find it are 

 associated with the 16th and early 

 17th century work of such sailors 

 as John and Sebastian Cabot, 

 Frobisher, Gilbert. Davis, Hudson, 

 and Baffin. Two centuries later 

 the quest was followed up by Ross, 

 Parry. Franklin, and others ; but 

 it was not until the years 1903-5 

 that Amundsen, the discoverer of 

 the South Pole, made the complete 

 voyage. See Arctic Exploration. 



North- West Territories. Dist. 

 of the Dominion of Canada. It- 

 total area is 1,242,224 sq. m. and 

 it includes, save for Yukon and a 



i of Quebec, all that part of 

 Canada lying above 60 N. wlm-h 

 WM foini'iiy ilui'lcd between 

 Kfowatin, Rupert's Ijind. and the 

 North-Wetrn Territory. The 

 diicf riven are the Mackenzie, 

 Slave, Great Finh, and Coppermine, 

 ami there arc a number of lakes, 

 'at Bear and Great Slave 

 being the largest. Fur-bearing 

 iinmiuN al'oumi, arid in parts the 

 musk ox and the caribou are 

 found. The Territories are governed 

 by a commissioner and a council of 

 four members, and are watched 

 over by the Royal Canadian 

 Mounted Police. There is no capital, 

 affairs being directed from Ottawa. 

 In some parts minerals are worked, 

 and some of the better land is under 

 wheat, oats, and barley. Elsewhere 

 only small trees, mosses, lichens, 

 etc., are found. The Territories are 

 the remains of the vast area pur- 

 chased from the Hudson Bay Co. 

 by the Dominion in 1869. Various 

 parts were subsequently taken 

 away to form the new provinces of 

 Alberta and Saskatchewan and to 

 increase the area of the older ones, 

 especially Quebec. See Canada. 



North wich. Urban dist. and 

 market town of Cheshire. England. 

 It stands at the junction of the Dane 

 _____^_^_ and the Weaver, 

 18 m. from Ches- 

 ter, on t b e 

 Cheshire Lines 

 and L. & N.W. 

 Rlys. It is a cen- 

 tre of the salt in- 

 dustry, the salt 

 being obtained 

 Korthwioh arms frora rock 8a | t 



mines underlying the town, and 

 also from the brine. Other in- 



Northwich, Cheshire. Old half-timber 

 shops in the triangular space known as 



dustries are alkali works, breworic-. 

 and boat-building. The Weaver 

 is navigable from here. Many of 

 the houses have been damaged by 

 the operations beneath. Market 

 day, Fri. Pop. < 1 92 1 ) 1 8,385. 



Northwood. P.c-idential dist. 

 of Middlesex. England. It is 14 m. 

 N.W. of London, on the Met. and 

 G.C. Rlys., pleasantly ituated in 

 well-wooded country, between Pin- 



ner and Ri"kmanw 

 Kafttoote, it forms part of the urban 

 dial, of Ituixlip -North wood, The 

 parish church of Holy Trinity. 

 erected 1854, is of flint, with a red- 

 tiled roof : in the churchyard are 

 the graves of Sir R. Morur a - 

 1st Lord Ebury. On White Hill i^ 

 the Mount Vernon Hospital for 

 consumptive*. The local golf course 

 is over 3 m. in extent . u it h 18 hole*, 

 the nearest railway 'tati'-n being 



Sandy Lodge Halt! Pop. 4.800. 



Norton. Village of Durham, 

 England. The parish lien partly 

 within the parliamentary limits of 

 Stockton, from which the village 

 is 2 m. N. Norton-on-Tees station 

 is on the N.lv Kly. Pop. 6,100. 



Norton, CHARLES BOWYER AD- 



DERLEY. Is l:\KON (1814-1905). 



Born Aug. 2, 1814, and educated 

 at Christ V^IMKICKSIIHH 

 Church, Ox- 

 ford. he in- 

 herited large 

 estates in War- 

 \\iekshire and 

 Staff ords hire l& 



from a great- _J&?t* 



uncle in ISJ'i. 

 He was M.P. = 

 for Stafford- Charles Adderley, 

 shire from 1 Baron Horton 

 1841-78, when Aft " *<*-"* 

 he was created Baron Norton. 

 From 1866-68 he was under- 

 secretary for the colonies, and 

 president of the board of trade, 

 1874-78. He died March 28, 1905. 

 He took a keen interest in social, 

 educational, and colonial questions, 

 and was a pioneer of town-planning. 

 Norton, CAROLINE ELIZABETH 

 SARAH (1808-77). British poet 

 and novelist. Bom in London, a 

 daughterof Thomas 

 and grand-daught- 

 er of Richard 

 Brinsley Sheridan, 

 she was one of 

 three beautiful 

 sisters. Her hus- 

 band, the Hon. 

 George Chappie 

 Norton, whom she 

 married in 1827, 

 brought divorce 

 proceedings against 

 her in 1836, on the 

 grounds of adul- 

 tery with Lord 

 Melbourne, but 

 her character was completely vin- 

 dicated at the trial. Further legal 

 proceedings arising out of disputes 

 on pecuniary matters instituted 

 by her husband in 1853 moved 

 Ntrs. Norton to write a pamphlet, 

 English l^iws for Women, which, 

 with other writ inns of hers, forms 

 a landmark in the movement for 

 women's emancipation Her hus- 

 band died in 1875, and in 1877 she 



