O'LEARY 



B837 



OLFACTORY NERVE 



Michael O'Leary. 

 British soldier 



they yield a multitude of small 

 white or blue daisy-like flower*. 

 Olearia hauati in the moat fniinli.ii 

 t>l i In- many species. 



O'Leary', Mi. nu;i. ( l,. 1890). 

 r.iin-li soldier. Horn at Inchigeela, 

 in Iirltind, Sept. 2. 

 iv to, he en- 

 tered the navy. 

 v i n g in 

 H.M.S. Vivi.l. 

 : in-n joined the 

 Irish GuardH 

 in 1909, being 

 transferred to 

 the reserve in 

 July, 1913. He 

 served in 

 Canada with 

 the N.W. Mounted Police, and on 

 the outbreak of the Great War re- 

 joined the colours, and went to 

 France in Nov., 1914. When a 

 lance-corporal in the Irish Guards, 

 he won the V.C. at Cuinchy, Jan. 31, 

 1915, for capturing single-handed 

 two German positions, killing eight 

 Germans and taking two prisoners. 

 In Oct., 1915, he received a com- 

 mission in the Connaught Rangers, 

 later rising to rank of captain and 

 serving with the Salonica expe- 

 ditionary force. In 1920 he 

 rejoined the Canadian Mounted 

 Police. See V.C. Heroes of the 

 War, G. A. Leask, 1916. 



Oleaster (Elaeagnus). Genus of 

 shrubs of the natural order Elaeag- 

 naceae, natives of Europe, Asia, 

 and N. America. The shrubs range 

 in height from 5 to 20 ft., and thrive 



OleiisU-r. 



Spray of foliage and 

 flowers 



in any ordinary soil, especially in 

 S. or W. positions. They are in- 

 creased by seeds sown in boxes of 

 light soil in early spring, or by 

 cuttings taken in the autumn. The 

 flowers are yellow, white, and oc- 

 casionally green in colour. 



defines. Hydrocarbons having 

 the general formula C n H 2 n. The 

 simplest representative of the 

 series is ethylene, C.>H 4> also 

 known as oleriant gas. The lower 

 members are gases at the ordinary 

 temperature, and are followed by 



Olearia. Flower clusters and leaves 

 of 0. baaiti 



others which are liquids and solids. 

 The distinction between the defines 

 and the paraffins is that the ole- 

 fines combine directly with chlorine 

 and bromine, even in the dark, to 

 form dichlorides or dibromides. 

 See Hydrocarbon. 



Oleic Acid. Colourless oily 

 liquid prepared by saponifying fata 

 and oils. It occurs as the glyceride 

 triolein, in non-drying oils, such as 

 those of the almond, olive, and cod- 

 liver, and in solid fats such as lard, 

 tallow, palm oil, and butter. Oleic 

 acid is prepared by saponifying 

 almond oil with potash, decom- 

 posing the soap with hydrochloric 

 acid, and heating with lead oxide for 

 some hours. The lead oleate formed 

 is separated by means of ether, and 

 to the solution thus formed hydro- 

 chloric acid is added. Impure 

 oleic acid is made on a large scale. 



Oleic acid becomes yellow with 

 keeping, and acquires an acid re- 

 action and rancid odour. When 

 fused with caustic potash, a mixture 

 of potassium acetate and palmitate 

 is obtained, which process can be 

 employed for the manufacture of 

 palmitic acid. When dissolved in 

 concentrated sulphuric acid, sul- 

 pholeic acid is formed. Sodium 

 oleate is the principal constituent 

 of hard soap, and lead oleate is the 

 chief part of lead plaster. 



Olein. Commercial term ap- 

 plied to triolein, the glyceride of 

 oleic acid, and to any liquid oil 

 obtained from fats by pressure. It 

 is also applied to impure oleic acid 

 and to the sulpholeates. Triolein 

 occurs naturally in fats and oils, 

 and can also be prepared by heat- 

 Ing glycerin with oleic acid. It is a 

 colourless oily liquid, devoid of 

 smell and taste. The olein m.-i ! by 

 pressing palm oil is distinguished 

 as palm olein, and that from the 

 coconut as coconut olein. Olein 

 is made on a large scale com- 

 mercially for the manufacture of 

 margarine (q.v.). 



Olekma. River of Siberia, in 

 the prov. of Yakutsk. Rising in 

 the Yablonoi Mte., it Sows in a N. 



direction and discharges iuelf into 

 the Lena, after a course of 700 m. 

 The neighbourhood abound* in 

 furred animal*, especially UM 

 (table, and gold is found. 



Ole Lukoie ( Dan.. Olaf the Eye- 

 shutter). The Danish equivalent 

 for the legendary character known 

 t children M the Dustman. It is 

 the title of one of the stories of 

 Hans Christian Andersen. Ole 

 I .iik Die is also the pen-name 

 adopted by Col. E. D. Swinton. 

 See Andersen, II ' '.: Swinton, E. D. 



Olenek. River of Siberia. Ris- 

 ing on the borders of the govt. of 

 Yeniseisk, it flows through Yakutsk. 

 After a course of 850 m. it dis- 

 charges itself into the Arctic Ocean 

 at Ust-Olcnsk. 



Olenellus. Genus of trilobites 

 b<-l< uming to the Lower Cambrian 

 series of rocks. The animal had a 

 flat, tapering body of 14 or more 

 jointed segments, covered with a 

 hard shell like a lobster. The head 

 was comparatively large and broad, 

 and the tail long and slender. The 

 body, head, and tail were usually 

 provided with slender spines. 

 Olenwt is a similar fossil belonging 

 to the Upper Cambrian series of 

 rocks. They are the oldest fauna 

 discovered by geologists. See 

 Trilobites. 



Oleograph (Lat. oleum, oil; 

 Gr. grapkein, to write). Name given 

 to a kind of chromolithograph 

 which imitates the effect of an oil 

 painting. The colours used are 

 generally darker than the corre- 

 sponding ones for ordinary chromo- 

 lithographs, and the resultant 

 print is mounted on canvas and 

 varnished, to imitate still more 

 closely the oil-painting effect. See 

 Lithography. 



Oleron. Island off the W. coast 

 of France. Belonging to the dept. 

 of Charente-lnferieure, it is oppo- 

 site the mouth of the Charente, 

 and its chief town and harbour is 

 Chateau d'OIeron. It has salt and 

 fish -salting industries and vine- 

 yards, and a narrow gauge rly. 

 Pop. 17,000. 



Oleron gave its name to a code 

 of maritime law. This was com- 

 posed of judgements of the mari- 

 time court here, together with a 

 collection of the accepted customs 

 of the sea. It was introduced into 

 England in the 12th century, 

 England and Aquitaine being then 

 under the same sovereign, and 

 had an important influence on 

 later developments of this branch 

 of law. 



Olfactory Nerve. ' Nerve of 

 smell. It arises from the brain by 

 three roots, uniting in the olfactory 

 tract, which expands at its end into 

 the olfactory bulb. From the bulb 

 about 20 fine prolongations are 



