OLIVETANS 



Mount of Olives, from the Kidron valley. In the 



foreground to the right is the Tomb of Absalom ; 



above is the Russian Gethsemane Church 



Its chief associations are with the 

 life of Christ. On the brow of the 

 mountain He wept over Jerusalem ; 

 and from its summit He ascended 

 into heaven See Bethany. 



Olivetans. Reformed branch of 

 the Benedictine Order, known as 

 the Congregation of Our Lady of 

 Mount Olivet. It was founded in 

 1313 at Siena by Giovanni de' 

 Tolomei, professor of philosophy 

 in the university there, who 

 became their first abbot-general 

 in 1319. The Olivetans follow the 

 rule of S. Benedict, but with some- 

 what stricter observances. 



Olivia. Heroine of Shakespeare's 

 comedy Twelfth Night (q.v. ). 



Olivia. Domestic drama. 

 Founded by W. G. Wills on a 

 leading incident in The Vicar of 

 Wakefield, it was produced March 

 28, 1878, at the Court Theatre, 

 London, where it had a run 

 of 138 performances. The play 

 was revived May 27, 1885, at 

 The Lyceum by Henry Irving, 

 who assumed the part of Dr. 

 Primrose. 



Olivier, SYDNEY OLIVIER, BARON 

 (b. 1859). British administrator. 

 Educated at Lausanne, and Ox- 

 ford, he entered the colonial office 

 in 1882. He was acting colonial 

 secretary, British Honduras, 

 1890-91, auditor-general Leeward 

 Islands, 1895-96, colonial secretary 

 of Jamaica, 1899-1904, and acting 

 governor, 1900, 1902, and 1904, 

 becoming governor, 1907-13. He 

 was permanent secretary of the 

 board of agriculture and fisheries, 

 1913-17, and was secretary of state 

 for India, Jan.-Nov. 1924. Among 

 his published works are Poems and 

 Parodies, 1881 ; and White Capi- 

 tal and Coloured Labour, 1906. He 

 was created K.C.M.G. in 1907, and 

 Baron Olivier, of Ramsden, 1924. 



Olivine. In mineralogy, a ler- 

 rous and magnesium orthosilicate. 

 So called from its usual olive-green 

 colour, the mineral is a common 



584O 



constituent of 

 igneous rocks, 

 especially basalts, 

 and is often found 

 in meteoric stones. 

 Cut and polished, 

 it is used as a gem 

 stone under the 

 names of chryso- 

 lite and peridot. 

 Olivine easily 

 *''.' r|j weathers into 

 & &SlJhnl I serpentine or hy- 

 d r a t e d magne- 

 sium silicate. See 

 Chrysolite ; Peri- 

 dot ; Serpentine. 

 Olla Podrida 

 (Span., putrid 

 pot). Name 

 originally given to 

 fragments of meat, vegetables, etc., 

 collected in a pot, and later to the 

 favourite Spanish dish of highly 

 seasoned stew. The name alludes 

 to the contents of the pot being 

 cooked until the solid parts fall to 

 pieces, and the French equivalent 

 is pot-pourri (putrid pot), most 

 familiar in the sense of a vase of 

 dried flower-petals. The term, like 

 hotch-potch, is also applied to any 

 miscellaneous collection, such as a 

 literary or musical medley. 



Oiler ton. Market town of Not- 

 tinghamshire, England. It stands 

 on the river Maun, 9 m. N.E. of 





Olney, Buckinghamshire. Summer-house in the garden 



adjoining Cowper's house, where The Task and John 



Gilpin were written 



Mansfield, and has a station on the 



G.C.R. It is a convenient centre 



for visitors to Sherwood Forest and 



the Dukeries (q.v.). Pop. 700. 

 Ollivier, OLIVIER EMILE (1825- 



1913). French politician. Born at 



Marseilles, July 2, 1825, he joined 

 the Paris bar, 

 and was elected 

 deputy for the 

 Seine, 1857, one 

 of the five op- 

 position mem- 

 bers, but be- 



1863. In Dec., 1869, he was charged 

 with the formation of a ministry by 

 Napoleon III, and with him in 

 office France entered on the war 

 of 1870. Retiring to Italy, 1871-73, 

 he made four unsuccessful attempts 

 to re-enter the chamber, and 

 wrote many articles and books on 

 political subjects. He was elected 

 to the Academic Franaise in 1870. 

 He died at St. Gervais-les-Bains, 

 Savoie, Aug. 20, 1913. 



Olmiitz OR OLOMOUC. Town of 

 Czecho-Slovakia, in Moravia. It 

 stands on the right bank of the 

 March, 41 m. N.E. of Briinn. The 

 site of the fortifications is laid out 

 with promenades, and there are a 

 park and a kursaal. The cathedral 

 of S. Wenceslaus is a 14th century 

 Gothic structure, and S. Mauritius' 

 Church, belonging to the llth and 

 12th centuries, is noted for its 

 organ. Other buildings include the 

 archiepiscopal palace and the old 

 town hall. Olmiitz was unsuccess- 

 fully besieged by the Prussians 

 in 1758. Pop. 50,000. 



Olmiitz, CONVENTION OF. Agree- 

 ment signed at Olmiitz, Nov. 29, 

 1850, by Austria and Prussia. It 

 restored the Austrian, as against 

 the Prussian, influence among the 

 German states, shaken by the 

 events of 1848-49, and left the 

 difficulties in Hesse-Cassel and 

 Schleswig-Holstein to be settled 

 giSKSSJHHESI ky %U the German 

 states. See Ger- 

 many : History. 



Olney. Market 

 town of Buck- 

 inghamshire, Eng- 

 land. It stands 

 on the Ouse, 1 1 m. 

 from Bedford and 

 59 m. from Lon- 

 don, with a station 

 on the Mid. Rly. 

 Its large and 

 beautiful church 

 of S. Peter and S. 

 Paul is a fine 

 example of the 



Olney is known 



came 

 ciled 



recon- 

 to the 

 Empire 

 after his 

 re-elec- 

 tion in 



Decorated style. 



for its associations with William 

 Cowper and John Newton. Cow- 

 per's house in the market place is 

 now a museum devoted to the two 

 men. Olney was once a centre of 

 the lace industry. Brewing and the 

 making of boots and shoes are now 

 carried on. Mar- 

 ket day, Thurs. 

 Pop. 2,700. 



Olney, RICH 

 ARD (1835- 

 1917). Arneri 

 can statesman 

 Born at Oxford 

 Massachusetts. 

 Sept. 15, 1835, 



he was called Richard Olney, 

 to the Boston American statesman 



