ORLAND 



Orland. Inland fylke or co. of 

 Norway. In the N. the Dovrefjeld 

 and the Jotunfjeld rise in Snehaetta 

 and Goldhoppigen to 7,546 and 

 6,400 ft. respectively ; in the S. 

 the land is low near Lake Mjosen 

 and Randsfjord. Between the 

 heights a depression connects the 

 Romsdal to the N.W. with the 

 long valley of Gudbransdal, which 

 leads to Lake Mjosen in the S.E. 

 Here is the main road to the 

 Atlantic coast, with a rly. for two- 

 thirds of the way from Lille- 

 hammer at the head of Lake 

 Mjosen, the chief town. Area, 

 9,756 sq. m. Pop. 130,000. 



Orlando. Italian form of the 

 name Roland (q.v.). It is that of 

 a character in As You Like It. 

 Orlando, one of the sons of Sir Row- 

 land de Boys, driven from home by 

 his elder brother, meets Rosalind 

 and falls in love with her. 



Orlando, VITTORIO EMMANTJELE 

 (b. 1860). Italian statesman. Born 

 at Palermo, he became profes- 



5876 



sor of consti- 

 tutional 1 a w 

 there in 1883, 

 entered the 

 Italian parlia- 

 ment in 1898, 

 and in 1908 

 was minister 

 of public in- 

 struction, and 

 later minister 

 of justice. In 

 1916 he was minister of the interior, 

 becoming prime minister in 1917. 

 For the next two years Orlando was 

 virtually dictator in Italy. He was a 



V. E. Orlando, 

 Italian statesman 



dominant force at 

 the Paris peace 

 conference, consti- 

 tuting, with Lloyd 

 George, Wilson, and 

 Clemenceau, the 

 " Big Four." His 

 ministry fell in 

 June, 1919, owing 

 to his advocacy of 

 a policy of com- 

 promise in regard 

 to Fiume and 

 other Italian de- 

 mands. He later 

 became president 

 of the chamber, and 

 in Oct., 1920, was 

 appointed ambassa- 

 dor to Brazil. See 

 Italy ; consult also 

 L'ltalie sous 1 e 

 ministere Orlando, 

 L. H a u t e c o e u r, 

 1919. 



ORLEANS 



Orle (late Lat. orlum, small 

 border). In heraldry, a border round 

 a shield, but not touching the 

 edges. It is one of the sub-ordin- 

 aries. Small charges may be borne 

 in orle, i.e. as a border. 



Orleanais. One of the pro vs. 

 into which France was divided 

 before the Revolution. It lay 

 around the city of Orleans, on both 

 banks of the Loire. The Pagus 

 Aurelianensis of the Romans, it 

 was from the earliest times part of 

 the domain of the kings of France. 

 Orleanists. Name of the politi- 

 cal party which supports the claim 

 . of the family of Or- 

 , i leans (q.v.) to the 



throne of France. 

 The supporters of 

 Philippe d'Orleans 

 (1674-1723), of 

 Philippe Egalite, 

 and of Louis Phi- 

 lippe represent its 

 earlier phases.Under 

 the Third Republic 

 it fused with the 

 Legitimist party in 

 1873, the comte de 

 Chambord being 

 recognized as Henri V. But 

 they suffered a setback in popular 

 support by the papal encyclical of 

 1892, which urged the French 

 Catholics to rally to their existing 

 political constitution. Their pre- 

 sent head is Louis Philippe Robert, 

 duke of Orleans (q.v.), but they 

 have little political, influence. 



Orleans. Island of Quebec, 

 Canada. It is in the St. Lawrence 

 river, 30 m. from the city of Quebec. 

 It covers 69 sq. m., and is visited 

 by pleasure seekers. Pop. 5 ; 000. 



Orleans. City 



of France. The 

 capital of the 

 dept. of Loiret, 

 on the right 

 bank of the Loire, 

 75 m. S.S.W. of 

 Paris, it is a 

 very ancient 

 Orleans arms city- i n e arly 



Roman davs it was called Genabum, 



Orleans, France. 1. Hotel de Vffle, built in 1442. 2. West front of the 17th century Gothic cathedral of Ste. Croix. 

 3. House of Agnes Sorel, a favourite of Charles VII. 4. General view from the left bank of the Loire 



