Sir William Otter, 



Canadian soldier 



tion 



OTTERBURN 



served many years in the Canadian 

 militia, took part in the operations 

 against the Fenian Raid in 1866, and 

 against Louis 

 Riel's rebellion 

 in 1885. He 

 commanded 

 the first Cana- 

 d i a n contin- 

 gent in S. Afri- 

 ca, 1900-2 ; was 

 chief of the 

 Canadian gen- 

 eral staff, 1908- 

 10, and inspec- 

 tor-general, 

 1910-12, and was knighted in 1913. 

 Otterburn. Village of North- 

 umberland, England. It is 31 m 

 from Newcastle, on the Rede, in 

 Redesdale. There is a modern 

 church, S. John the Baptist ; 

 Otterburn Tower occupies the 

 site of an ancient one. The village 

 is famous for the battle fought 

 between the Scots and English, 

 Aug. 19, 1388. The invading Scots, 

 under James, earl of Douglas, were 

 retreating northwards from Dur- 

 ham and encamped on a hill near 

 Otterburn. They were attacked in 

 moonlight by Sir Henry Percy 

 (Hotspur) and his brother Ralph, 

 both of whom were taken prisoner. 

 Douglas was slain, but the Scots 

 proved victorious. The ballad of 

 Chevy Chase (q.v.) describes an 

 otherwise unknown fight, often 

 confused with this. 



Otter Hound. Breed of dog 

 descended from the old Southern 

 hound of Great Britain. The true 

 otter hound much resembles the 

 harrier in genera! appearance, but 

 has large broad feet and a rough 

 thick coat of rather greasy hair. 



OTTO IV 



Otter Hound. Champion type of the 

 breed of dog used in otter hunting 



Many so-called otter hounds are 

 modified foxhounds. The otter 

 hound possesses good scent and 

 keen sight. It is a powerful swim- 

 mer and has great endurance, faces 

 its quarry gamely, and is of a 

 savage disposition. Its colour varies 

 greatly, and its height should be 

 22 or 23 ins. See Dog, colour plate. 



Ottery St. 



Mary. Urban 

 dist. and market 

 town of Devon- 

 shire, England. 

 It stands on the 

 Otter, 12m. from 

 Exeter, with a 

 station on the L. 

 & S.W. Rly. It 

 is noted for its 

 beautiful church, 

 S. Mary's, with 

 two transeptal 

 towers and other 

 features of in- 

 terest ; one of 

 the most mag- 

 nificent churches 

 in the country, 



it dates from the 13th and 14th 

 centuries. Ottery was the birth- 

 place of the poet Coleridge. The 

 grammar school at which he was 

 educated was pulled down in 1884. 

 Honiton lace is manufactured. 

 Ottery figures in Pendennis as 

 Clavering St. Mary. Market day, 

 alternate Tues. Pop. 3,700. 



Otto I, THE GREAT (912-973). 

 German king and Roman em- 

 peror. He was born Nov. 23, 912, 

 son of Henry the Fowler, whom 

 he succeeded in 936. At first vir- 

 tually little more than duke of 

 Saxony, he ended by restoring the 

 empire of Charlemagne. 



Even in Saxony Otto was con- 

 fronted by opposition, developed 

 by his brother 

 Henry and his 

 half-b r o t h e r 

 Thankmarinto 

 a formidable 

 conspiracy, in 

 which the 

 dukes of Lor- 

 raine and Fran - 

 conia were 

 also concern- 

 ed. Having 

 crushed this, Otto proceeded to get 

 the great duchies, as far as possible, 

 into the hands of his relatives, with 

 even worse results. His son Ludolf 

 in Bavaria and his son-in-law Con- 

 rad in Lorraine organized another 

 great conspiracy, in the course of 

 which Otto's throne was shaken, 

 and be himself was taken prisoner, 

 but once more he prevailed. 

 Otto conducted a short and suc- 

 cessful war against the king of 

 France about the possession of 

 Lorraine, secured his people from 

 external foes, and made a landmark 

 in medieval history by his great 

 victory over the Magyars on the 

 Lechfeld in 955. Before his death 

 the rulers of Bohemia, Poland, and 

 Denmark all did homage to him. 



In 951 Otto went to Italy, and 

 Berengar, sometimes called king of 

 Italy, did homage to him ; but 



Ottery St. Mary, Devonshire. Parish church of S. Mary, 

 with the tower of the south transept on the left 



his position there was dubious until 

 a second visit in 961. He was 

 then crowned emperor by the 

 pope, Feb., 962. Otto, who did 

 much for the organization of the 

 Church, died May 7, 973. He was 

 twice married, his first wife being 

 Edith, daughter of the English 

 king, Edward the Elder. 



Otto H (955-983). German 

 king and Roman emperor. Son of 

 Otto the Great by his second wife 

 Adelaide, he was crowned king 

 when only six years old. His 

 father thus marked him out as his 

 successor, and with the same 

 motive had him crowned joint 

 emperor in Rome in 967. In 973, 

 on his father's death, Otto became 

 ruler of Germany and Italy, and 

 his ten years' reign was spent in 

 warfare. Otto, who died in Rome, 

 Dec. 1, 983, married Theophano, 

 daughter of the East Roman 

 emperor Romanus II. 



Otto in (980-1002). German 

 king and Roman emperor. He 

 succeeded his father Otto II at the 

 age of three, and was trained by 

 his Greek mother Theophano to 

 despise the Germans. Crowned by 

 Pope Gregory V in Rome, May 21, 

 996, Otto endeavoured to revive 

 the ancient conception of the 

 Roman empire. He checked Ger- 

 man ascendancy by strengthening 

 the Poles and Hungarians, sup- 

 pressed the revolt of the Roman 

 Crescentius, whom he put to death 

 998, and made his tutor Gerbert 

 pope as Sylvester II, 999. He 

 was driven from Rome by the 

 Italians, and died Jan. 23, 1002. 



Otto IV (1174-1218). German 

 king and Roman emperor. The 

 second son of Henry the Lion, duke 

 of Bavaria and Saxony, and of 

 Matilda of England, after the death 

 of the emperor Henry VI he was 

 elected German king at Cologne, 

 June 9, 1198, by the Guelph 

 party, in opposition to Philip 

 of Swabia. >0n Philip's murder 

 hi 1208 Otto was elected emperor, 



