OUDE RUN 



BOO i 



OUNCE 



behind tho Norken, a tributary 

 i,f tin- Selieldc. Mftribacoogfa de- 

 rided to fight at once. He sent 

 .in advanced body across the 

 Seliddc. .tii.l tl' opening encoun- 

 ters took place just across that 

 nvcr while tli<- rest of the allied 

 \vas crossing it. 



Tli.- allied crossing had not been 

 completed when the duke of Bur- 

 gundy, \\lio shared the command 

 with Vendome, ordered his army 

 i, and in the angle formed 

 l>y tin- Srhrlde and the Norken the 

 main eima'.'ement was fought out, 

 ch idly by the infantry. A French 

 attempt to disorganize the allies 

 l>cfore. they were in order of battle 

 failed, mid" the French found them- 

 selves half encircled. A turning 

 movement made by some Dutch 

 troops against the French right 

 completed their discomfiture. The 

 left wing withdrew in good order 

 and covered the withdrawal of the 

 rest, and a rout was averted by 

 the oncoming of night. The allied 

 army British, Hanoverian, Prus- 

 sian, and Dutch was, perhaps, 

 30,000 strong, and lost about 3,000 

 killed and wounded. The French, 

 who numbered perhaps 40,000, 

 lost 15,000, including prisoners. See 

 Spanish Succession, War of the. 



Oude Rijn . River of the Nether- 

 lands, one of the branches of the 

 lower Rhine. At Utrecht the 

 Kromme Rijn divides into the 

 Vecht and the Oude Rijn (Old 

 Rhine), the latter flowing W. 

 through the provs. of Utrecht and 

 S. Holland to reach the North Sea 

 at Noordwyk. See Leiden ; Rhine. 



Oudh. Eastern portion of the 

 United Provinces of Agra and Oudh, 

 India. It lies between Nepal and 

 Central India and between Agra 

 and Bihar. Lucknow is the capital. 

 In ancient days a flourishing king- 

 dom, later successively under the 

 sway of the Afghan and Mogul 

 emperors, it became independent 

 about 1732. In 1856 Lord Dal- 

 housie deposed the king of Oudh 

 for continued misgovernment, and 

 his territory was incorporated in 

 what were then called the North 

 Western provinces. Its area is 

 24,158 sq. m. Pop. 12,558,000. 

 See Ajodhya ; United Provinces. 



Oudinot, CHARLES NICOLAS 

 (1767-1847). French soldier. Bora 

 at Bar-le-Duc, April 25, 1767, he 

 entered the army in 1784, but soon 

 retired. On the outbreak of the 

 Revolution he rejoined and, having 

 seen a good deal of service, became 

 a general in 1794. As general and 

 chief of the staff to Mass6na, he 

 added greatly to his reputation, 

 was made inspector-general of in- 

 fantry, and sat in the chamber of 

 deputies. In 1805, in command of 

 his division, the grenadiers, Oudinot 



Marshal Oudinot, 

 French oldier 



had a large share in the victory of 

 Austerlitz; he wan alsoat Friodland, 



while for his conduct at Wagram 

 Napoleon made 

 him a marshal. 

 Having been 

 governor of 

 Holland, 1810- 

 12, he was in 

 the Russian 

 campaign and 

 at Leipzig, but 

 in 1814 ho went 

 o T e r to the 

 Bourbons, t o 

 whom he remained faithful during 

 the Hundred Days. In 1823 Oudinot 

 led an expedition into Spain. He 

 died Sept. 13, 1847. Napoleonmade 

 him duke of Rcggio, and other 

 honours were given to him by 

 Louis XVIII. His son Charles, 

 duke of Reggio (1791-1863), served 

 under Napoleon, and in 1849 was 

 in charge of the French army that 

 took Rome and restored the tem- 

 poral power of the pope. 



Qudtshoorn. Town of the Cape 

 Province, S. Africa. It stands on 

 the Grobelaars river, a tributary 

 of the Olifants, 277 m. by rly. from 

 Port Elizabeth. The chief build- 

 ings are several churches, public 

 library, drill hall, hospital, and 

 theatre. Oudtohoorn is the centre 

 of a prosperous agricultural district 

 in which fruit and tobacco are 

 grown and ostriches are reared. To 

 the N., 18 m. away, are the Cango 

 Caves, perhaps the finest stalactite 

 caverns in the world. Pop. (whites) 

 5,000. 



Oughter. Lough or lake of 

 Ireland. In the N. of co. Cavan, it 

 contains a number of small islands. 

 It is fed and drained by the river 

 Erne, and measures 4 m. in length 

 and 3 m. in breadth. 



Ougree. Town of Belgium, in 

 the prov. of Lie"ge. It lies on the 

 right bank of the Meuse, 2J m. 

 S.W. of Lie"ge. It has busy metal 

 and coal industries, and is a cen- 

 tre of the Liege-Seraing industrial 

 area. Pop. 13,000. 



Ouida. Pen name of Marie 

 Louise de la Ramee (1839-1908), 

 British novelist. Born Jan. 1, 

 1839, at Bury 

 St. Edmunds, 

 she was the 

 daughter o f 

 Louis 1 1 a m r. a 

 teacher of 

 French. She 

 began to write 

 at about th 

 age of 20 under 

 the influence 

 of Har r i s o n 

 Ainsworth, 

 and wrote some 40 novels, includ- 

 ing Strathmore, 1865; Under Two 

 Flags, 1867; Moths, 1880; and 



Elliott Jb fry 



The MaMarenes, 1897 ; and a 

 number of abort atoriea and eMaya 

 of merit. At one time she enjoyed 

 great popularity, but her vogue 



dimmiitied, and nhc died in poverty 

 at Viarcggio in Italy, Jan. 25, 1908. 

 Hindu had i/re.-it intellectual gifts 

 and in iitiii-iial d- _! the faculty 

 <.f telling an inter, -tmn story. She 

 was passionately devoted to dumb 

 animals. 



Ouija (Fr. out, yea; G-r. /</, 

 yes). Apparatus used in occult ex- 

 periment*. It is aboard on which 

 the alphabet and various conven- 

 tional signs are written, and is 

 used for receiving automatic mes- 

 sages. See Planchette ; Spiritual- 

 ism. Pron. Wee-ya. 



Ouless, WAI.TKK WILLIAM (b. 

 1848). British artist. Born at St. 

 Helier, Jersey, Sept. 21, 1848, he 

 was educated 

 at Victoria 

 College there. 

 Having d e- 

 cided on an art 

 career, he be- 

 gan in 1865 to 

 study at the 

 R. A. schools. 

 He first ex- 

 hibited at the 

 R.A. in 1869, 

 was elected 

 A.R.A. in 1877, and R.A. in 1881. 

 His works are mainly portraits. 



Oulton. Village and lake of 

 Suffolk, England. The village is 

 2 m. from Lowestoft, on the 

 G.E.R. Rly. S. Michael's Church 

 has some Norman work remaining. 

 Borrow lived for many years in 

 the village. Oulton Broad is 

 visited for yachting and angling, 

 as is Lake Lothing between it and 

 the sea. Pop. 4,100. 



There are several other Oultons 

 in England. One is near Leeds, 

 others are in Staffordshire and Nor- 

 folk, while Oulton Park, Tarporley, 

 Cheshire, is the seat of Sir P. de 

 Grey Egerton. 



Ounce. Measure of weight. In 

 Great Britain it is the 12th part 

 of a pound troy, and the 16th part 

 of a pound avoirdupois. A fluid 

 ounce is a measure of capacity, and 

 equals one avoirdupois ounce of 

 distilled water at 62*^. The ounce 

 troy contains 480 grains, and the 

 ounce avoirdupois 437} grains. See 

 Weights and Measures. 



Ounce OR SNOW LEOPARD (Felis 

 unrin). Species of leopard. Found 

 in the mountainous districts of 

 Central Asia, it reaches a length of 

 seven ft. and differs from the true 

 leopard in its long woolly fur, 

 whitish-grey colour, large spots, 

 and arched skull. It never descends 

 to the plains, and preys mainly 

 upon wild sheep and goats See 

 Leopard. 



