OWARI 



OX 



Owari OR BISHIU. Prov. of 

 Japan, in Honshu. It is bounded S. 

 by Ise Bay on the E. coast. It 

 consists almost entirely of a fertile 

 plain, the chief area in Japan for 

 the production of rice, wheat, and 

 barley. Horseradish is dried and 

 exported in large quantities. 

 Poultry rearing is an important 

 occupation. The local clay gave 

 rise to the ceramic industry, which 

 began at Seto village in 1297. 

 Nagoya is the chief town. 



Owen, JOHN (1616-83). Eng- 

 lish Puritan. He was born at Stad- 

 hampton, Oxfordshire, was edu- 

 cated at Ox- 

 ford, and be- 

 came minister 

 o f Fordham 

 and Cogges- 

 hall. He be- 

 came an In- 

 dependent, 

 and went as 

 chaplain with 

 John Owen, Cromwell t o 



English Puritan Ireland in 



After Riley 1649. Two 



years later he was appointed dean 

 of Christ Church, Oxford, and in 

 1652 vice-chancellor of the univer- 

 sity. At the Restoration he was 

 expelled from office ; but Charles 

 II allowed him to minister to 

 an Independent congregation in 

 Leadenhall Street, London. He 

 died Aug. 24, 1683. 



Owen, SIB RICHARD (1804-92). 

 British scientist. Born at Lan- 

 caster, July 20, 1804, and educated 

 at Edinburgh, 

 he entered the 

 museum of the 

 Royal College 

 o f Surgeons, 

 London, 1826. 

 Ultimately h e 

 became its 

 curator, a post 

 he held until 

 1856, when he 

 was appointed 

 superintendent of the natural his- 

 tory department of the British 

 Museum. In 1836 he had been 

 selected for the first Hunterian pro 

 fessorship of comparative anatomy. 

 He is regarded as the greatest 

 anatomist in the history of the 

 science. He was made a K.C.B. 

 1884, and died Dec. 18, 1892. So 

 Life, R. Owen, 1894. 



Owen, ROBERT (1771-1858). 

 British social reformer. Born at 

 Newtown, Montgomeryshire, May 

 14, 1771, at 19 he was managing a 

 cotton mill with 500 hands. In 

 1800 he became manager of and 

 partner in the New Lanark Mills, 

 and put into practice on a large 

 scale the ideas which he had 

 already imported into the manage- 

 ment of workpeople. His main 



Sir Richard Owen, 

 British scientist 



principle was that the best work can 

 only be expected from happy, pros- 

 perous, and educated employees. 

 With the aid of 

 Jeremy Ben- 

 tham, he con- 

 verted his 

 business into a 

 philanthropic 

 trust for his 

 work people, 

 the capital 

 being allowed 

 Robert Owen, a fixed remu- 

 Social reformer nera tion of five 

 p.c. The colonies established by 

 Owen at Orbiston. in Lanarkshire, 

 and at New Harmony, Indiana, 

 U.S.A. were unsuccessful and in- 

 volved him in heavy financial 

 losses. By 1828 he had completely 

 severed his connexion with New 

 Lanark, and devoted the rest of 

 his life to the exposition of his 

 socialistic theories. He died Nav. 

 17, 1858. His works include A New 

 View of Society, A New Moral 

 World, and an Autobiography. See 

 Co-Partnership ; Socialism ; con- 

 sult also Lives, L. Jones, 1890; 

 F. Pod more, 1906. 



Owens, JOHN (1790-1846). 

 British merchant. He was born in 

 Manchester, where he amassed a 

 large fortune, 

 the residue 

 of which, 

 amounting to 

 96,000, h e 

 left in trust 

 for the founda- 

 fc i o n of a 

 college, with 



the proviso JBH HUH 

 that no theo- John Owens, 

 logical tests British merchant 

 should be re- f',5, m< ', da ' ''"* 



1 ,-. </. 1 , \\ oolner, ti, A. 



quired. Owens 



College was accordingly founded 

 and opened in 1851. See Man- 

 Chester University. 

 ' Owensboro. City of Kentucky, 

 U S.A., the co. seat of Daviess co. 

 It stands on the Ohio river, 115 m. 

 by rly. S.W. of Louisville, and is 

 served by the Louisville and Nash- 

 ville and other rlys. A considerable 

 river trade is carried on, chiefly in 

 tobacco. Other industries are the 

 manufacture of carriages and 

 wagons, flour, lumber products, 

 etc. Oil is obtained in the neigh- 

 bourhood, and cattle -rearing is an 

 important local industry. Owens- 

 boro was settled in 1797 and chart- 

 ered as a city in 1866. Pop. 17,400. 

 Owen Sound. Town and port 

 of Ontario, Canada. On Owen 

 Sound where the Sydenham river 

 falls into Georgian Bay, and 120 m. 

 from Toronto, it is served by the 

 G.T.R. andC.P.R., and is a port for 

 steamers to the Great Lakes and 

 St. Lawrence. Pop. 12,600, 



Owl. Order of nocturnal birds 

 of prey (Strigiformes). They are 

 externally distinguished by their 

 large heads and the radiated ruffs 

 of feathers around the large eyes. 

 Owing to their loose, outstanding 

 plumage, most owls look much 

 larger than they really are. They 

 are noted for their silent flight and 

 their keenness of vision at night. 

 They feed mainly on small rodents. 

 Six British species are known. 



The barn owl (Strix flammea) is 

 the best known in Britain and is 

 common nearly everywhere except 

 in the towns. Its plumage is 

 tawny yellow above, with white 

 face and under parts. In its noc- 

 turnal hunting it never wanders far 

 from its abode, often a church 

 tower or hollow tree. It utters a 

 strident and discordant scream, 

 from which it is sometimes known 

 as the screech-owl. The long-eared 

 owl (Asio otus) is about the same 

 size, but darker, with erect tufts of 

 feathers above the eyes. It is gre- 

 garious, lives in dense pine woods, 

 varies its diet of small birds with 

 insects, and generally breeds in the 

 deserted nest of a crow or magpie. 



The short-eared owl (Asio accipi- 

 trinus) is yellowish brown, with a 

 buff face and short tufts of dark 

 feathers on the head. It has a 

 smaller head and is less owl-like 

 in appearance than the other 

 species. A migratory bird, it visits 

 Great Britain chiefly in winter, 

 breeding in the N. of England 

 and in Scotland, where it nests on 

 the ground on moors. It is not 

 strictly nocturnal, and feeds upon 

 rodents and small birds. 



The tawny owl (Strix stridula), 

 often called the brown or wood 

 owl, is larger in size, with reddish 

 brown plumage above, and reddish 

 white barred with brown below, 

 and is not uncommon in most 

 wooded districts of England and 

 Scotland, but is not native in 

 Ireland. This is the species that 

 utters the well-known hooting cry. 

 It makes its home in hollow trees. 

 The snowy owl, the European hawk- 

 owl, the American hawk-owl, etc., 

 are only occasional visitants to 

 Great Britain. See Eggs, colour 

 plate ; Feather. 



Owyhee. River of Oregon* 

 U.S.A. Its headstreams rise in 

 Nevada and Idaho, and after their 

 junction the river flows generally 

 N. to the river Snake. Its length is 

 370 m. 



Ox. Word of Anglo-Saxon 

 origin, used for the male of the 

 different species of the Bovidae. 

 Oxen is one of the few existing 

 forms of the old plural en. From 

 the Middle Ages the ox has been 

 extensively used for ploughing and 

 hauling. See Bovidae ; Cattle. 



