OXALIC ACID 



B0O7 



OX-EYE DAISY 



Oxalic Acid 

 ill <',0 4 .2HO). A 

 Bolicl organic 

 first prepared from 

 wood sorrel (Ordli* 

 acttosdla), in wliicli 

 plant itoocu:as the 

 acid potassium oxal 

 ate. The acid is made 

 on the commercial 

 scale by Dale's pro 

 oeas, which oonsistc 

 in fusing sawdust 

 from soft woods, 

 with a mixture oi 

 caustic potash and 

 soda. The acid is 

 largely used in calico 

 printing and dyeing, 

 and in the prepara- 

 tion of formic acid 

 and synthetic dyes. 

 Oxalic acid is also 

 used in bleaching 



rongreM of Niimegen ; and Gabriel 

 Thuresson (I Ml IT7), ambam*. 



|.,r at the roii-M . ,f KviWick, 



but who loat influence owing to his 

 i -ion to Catholicism. John 

 Gabriel (1750-1818) wai a poet 

 and scholar. 



Oxenstierna OR OraiflTJZRHA, 

 (icsTAFMOir, COUNT (1583- 

 H',;, 4). Swedish statesman. Born 

 Ht FanO, June 16, 1583, he studied 

 _'V in Germany, served 

 Charles IX in diplomatic missions, 

 and became chancellor under 

 Gustavus Adolnhus, 1611. He ac- 

 companied the king on the Russian 

 campaigns, negotiated the treaty 

 of Stolbova, 1617, and was gover- 

 nor-general of Prussia during the 

 Swedish occupation. He opposed 

 Swedish participation in the Thirty 

 Years' War, but ably supported his 

 king in Germany, acted as regent 

 after his death. 1632, and became 



BB 



Owl. 



Species of the nocturnal bird of prey. 1. Group o! long-eared owls. 



W. S. Jierridi/e. f.ZS. 



2. Short-eared. 3. Barn Owl. 4. Tawny Ow! 



straw and flax, and cleansing brass 

 and other metals. 



Ox-Bow. Name of a certain 

 kind of lake. In their plain 

 courses, rivers meander to such an 



Ox-Bow. Diagram illustrating bow 

 a meandering river (1) may increase 

 its meander (2) ; cut through the 

 loop as in 3, and eventually flow 

 straight, forming an ox-bow lake (4) 



extent that great loops are formed. 

 Eventually the river cuts through 

 the neck of the loop and straightens 

 itself, leaving a horseshoe-shaped 

 backwater, which becomes a cut- 

 off or ox-bow lake when the de- 

 position of silt blocks up the ends. 

 There are large numbers of ox-bow 

 lakes, some reaching 5 m. in dia- 

 meter, in the lower valleys of such 

 rivers as the Mississippi. See Lake. 



Oxenham, JOHN. Name 

 adopted for literary purposes by 

 W. A. Dunkerley, British novelist. 

 Educated at Old Trafford School 

 and Victoria University, Man- 

 chester, he engaged in business 

 in France and the U.S.A. In Eng- 

 land he turned his attention to 

 journalism and was associated with 

 The Idler and To-day, under the 

 editorship of Jerome K. Jerome, 

 before becoming known as a pro- 

 lific writer of bright, popular 

 novels and verse. Among the 

 former may be mentioned God's 

 Prisoner, 1898 ; John of Gerisau, 

 1902 ; Barbe of Grand Bayou, 1903 ; 

 Great- Heart Gillian, 1909; and 

 Broken Shackles, 1914. His books 

 of verse include Bees hi Amber, 

 1913 ; All Clear !, 1919 ; and Gentle 

 men The King !, 1920. 



Oxenstierna OR OXENSTJERNA 

 Name of Swedish family, frequently 

 referred to as Oxenstiern. The 

 most distinguished member was 

 Axel, but others were Bengt Gab 

 rielsson (1623-1702), who de- 

 fended Thorn against the Poles, 

 was chancellor under Charles XI, 

 and represented Sweden at the 



a pivot of the Protestant alliance 

 throughout the struggle. He nego- 

 tiated the Danish treaty in 1645, 

 and opposed the abdication of 

 Christina of Sweden. He died on 

 Aug. 28, 1654. See Sweden: His- 

 tory ; Thirty Years' War. 



Ox-eye Daisy (Chrysanthemum 

 leucantkemum). Dog-daisy, peren- 

 nial herb of the natural order Com- 

 positae. A native of Europe and N. 

 and W. Asia, it has spoon-shaped, 

 deeply cut leaves, and daisy-like 

 flower-heads. 2 ins. across. The 

 rays are pure white, the disk-florets 

 yellow. It is a common weed of 

 meadows and pastures in Britain. 



Oz-eye Daisy or Dog Daisy. Flowers 

 of the common Bdtlsh weed 



