PALACE OF PEACE 



5928 



PAUAEO BOTANY 



Palace of Peace. Building be- 

 tween The Hague and Schevenin- 

 gen, designed to house the per- 

 manent court of arbitration created 

 by the peace conference of 1899. 

 In 1903 an endowment of 300,000 

 for its erection was made by 

 Andrew Carnegie (q.v.), and the 

 building, designed by the French 

 architect, L. M. Cordonnier, was 

 begun in 1907 and inaugurated on 

 Aug. 28, 1913, by the queen of the 

 Netherlands in the presence of the 

 representatives of 42 states. Its 



f rounds cover 16 acres, and the 

 uilding, in brick and stone in the 

 Flemish -Dutch style, is about 260 

 ft. square. See Hague, The. 



Palace Theatre. London place 

 of entertainment. Situated in 

 Cambridge Circus, it was designed 



Palace Theatre, London. Main part 

 in Cambridge Circus 



by T. E. Collcutt and opened in 

 Jan., 1891, as the Royal English 

 Opera House with the first pro- 

 duction of Sullivan's Ivanhoe. In 

 the same year Sarah Bernhardt 

 gave a season here. The interior of 

 the building was then altered, and 

 it was reopened in 1892 as the 

 Palace Theatre of Varieties. 



Palace Yard, NEW. Railed-in 

 space at Westminster, N. of West- 

 minster Hall, now the members' 

 entrance to the British House of 

 Commons. It was one of the two 

 courtyards of the old palace after 

 which it was named. Facing the 

 hall once stood a clock tower, the 

 bell of which, Great Tom, was 

 bought for S. Paul's Cathedral, but 

 was recast in consequence of being 

 cracked while passing through 

 Temple Bar ; and a fountain that 

 on great occasions is said to have 

 run with wine. 



Palace Yard, OLD. Open space 

 between the British Houses of 

 Parliament and Henry VII's chapel. 

 Here Guy Fawkes and Raleigh were 

 executed and Prynne was pSloried. 

 Chaucer and Ben Jonson are be- 

 lieved to have lived in houses that 

 once stood near. The statue of 

 Richard Coeur de Lion by Maro- 



chetti was erected in 1860. The 

 peers' and visitors' entrances to 

 the Houses of Parliament are in 

 Old Palace Yard. See Westminster. 

 Palacio Valdes, ARMANDO (b. 

 1853). Spanish novelist. He was 

 born at Entralgo, in Asturias, Oct. 

 4, 1853, and 

 became editor 

 of the Revista 

 Europe a, in 

 which his first 



A. Palacio Valdes, 

 Spanish novelist 



essays a p- 

 peared. H i s 

 first novel, El 

 Senorito Octa- 

 vio, 1881, was 

 followed by 

 Marta y Maria, 

 1883, and by others, of which the 

 most notable were Riverita, 1886 ; 

 El Cuarto Poder (The Fourth Power, 

 a novel of journalistic life), 1888 ; 

 La Hermana San Sulpicio, 1889 ; 

 and La Espuma (Froth), 1892. He 

 is a lover of nature, delighting in 

 his Asturian mts. and sympathetic 

 with the working people, but can 

 portray, as in Froth, the frivolity 

 and luxury of Madrid society with 

 great fidelity and keen satire. 



Palacky, FRANZ (1798-1876). 

 Bohemian historian. Born in 

 Moravia, June 14, 1798, he was the 

 son of a schoolmaster and a Pro- 

 testant. Educated at Pressburg, 

 he himself became a schoolmaster, 

 but his interest in the history and 

 literature of the Czechs led him to 

 devote himself to a literary career. 

 He edited a Jour- 

 nal, became his- 

 toriographer of 

 Bohemia, and had 

 a good deal to do 

 with arousing in- 

 terest in the past 

 of his own people. 

 His fame rests on 

 his History of the 

 Bohemian People, 

 in 5 vols., which he 

 began to issue 



in 1836, afterwards producing a 

 revised edition. Palacky took part 

 in the political events of 1848, and 

 was afterwards the leader of the 

 party in the Bohemian legislature 

 that favoured a union of the Czechs 

 into a kingdom. He sat for a 

 time in the senate of Austria. He 

 died May 26, 1876. Pron. Palatsky. 



Paladin (Lat. palatinus, belong- 

 ing to a palace). Word, a variant 

 of palatine, meaning a courtier or 

 member of the royal household. It 

 is known, however, especially be- 

 cause it was used for the 12 le- 

 gendary figures peers, as they are 

 called who are supposed to have 

 gone with Charlemagne to Spain. 

 Owing to the glamour that sur- 

 rounded them the word was after- 

 wards used for a knight of ex- 

 ceptional gallantry. See Palatine ; 

 Roland. 



Palaeobotany (Gr. palaios, 

 ancient ; botane, plant). Study of 

 the plants of former ages. After 

 the publication of The Origin of 

 Species in 1859, the investigation 

 of the remains of extinct animals 

 and plants assumed a new signifi- 

 cance. The plants of to-day are 

 presumably the descendants of an- 

 cestors which lived in an earlier 

 period of the earth's history, and 

 were themselves descended from 

 still older types. 



The vegetation of which we 

 know most is that of the coal 

 period. Palaeobotanical research 

 has revealed the existence in the 



Palace Yard, Westminster. The Old Yard, looking 

 towards St. Stephen's Hall, with peers' entrance on 

 right. Top, right, New Palace Yard, and members' 

 . entrance to the House of Commons 



forests of the coal- 

 period of genera 

 exhibiting a com- 

 bination of char- 

 acters, which are 

 now distributed 

 among different 

 families or groups. 

 These extinct 

 generalised types 

 demonstrate a 

 close affinity be- 

 tween certain 

 groups, which in 

 their modern re- 

 presentatives af- 

 ford little indica- 

 tion of relationship. 



