Palette, for oil 

 painting 



PALEY 



preferred by the old painters. 

 Modern artists often use the rect- 

 angular form. 



Palette setting is the arrange- 

 ment by the painter of the colours 

 on his palette, before beginning 

 wo rk . T he 



j^ji^ I authenticated 

 ^H I palettes of 



IM !wk I great masters 

 ^R are a guide to 

 general princi- 

 I pies in palette 

 ^S^v- setting. The 



; most famous 

 i and exemplary 

 in point of sim- 

 plicity is that 

 of Rubens, who set his palette with 

 only 12 colours. See Painting. 



Paley, WILLIAM (1743-1805). 

 British theologian. Born at Peter- 

 borough, the son of a schoolmaster, 

 he was educated 

 at Giggleswick 

 and C h r i s t's 

 College, Cam- 

 bridge. In 1763 

 he was senior 

 wrangler, and 

 for a time he 

 was a tutor and 



lecturer in the 



university. In 1 . fa 

 1776 he took^j/f /'Jfaf 

 a living in^*^ / sf 

 We s tmorland ; & 



in 1782 he was made archdeacon of 

 Carlisle, and later rector of Bishop 

 Wearmouth. He died at Lincoln, 

 where he was sub-dean, May 25, 

 1805, and was buried in Carlisle 

 Cathedral. Paley's writings in- 

 clude Principles of Moral and 

 Political Philosophy, 1785; the 

 popular Evidences of Christianity, 

 1794 ; and Natural Theology, 

 1802. See Works, new ed. 1838: 

 Life, G. W. Meadley, 1809. 



Palghat, Town of Madras 

 Presidency, India, in Malabar 

 dist. It is situated at the W. end 

 of the Palghat Gap on the main 

 Madras-Calicut rly. Pop. 44,300. 



Palghat Gap. Outstanding 

 physical feature of the Deccan, 

 India. The Deccan plateau is 

 edged by the escarpments of the 

 E. and W. Ghats which join in the 

 Mlgiri Hills. The S. face of the 

 Nilgiris comprises a scarp as steep 

 as the seaward face of the W. 

 Ghats. The S. Deccan consists of a 

 continuation of the W. Ghats 

 Between these heights and the 

 Nilgiris is a wide gap, the Palghat, 

 which is the one large break in the 

 W. escarpment, and is the only 

 easy route of communication 

 between the Malabar and Coroman- 

 del coasts. It is 20 m. wide and 

 just over 1,000 ft. high, and 

 carries the main rly. line from 

 Madras to Calicut 



Sir Francis Palgrave, 

 British historian 



After G. Richmond, R.A. 



5940 



Palgrave, SIR FRANCIS (1788- 

 1861). British historian. Son of 

 Meyer Cohen, a Jew, he married 

 Elizabeth 

 Turner, adopt- 

 ed the name 

 o f Palgrave, 

 that of his 

 wife's mother, 

 and embraced 

 Christianity in 

 1823. Called 

 to the bar at 

 Middle Temple 

 in 1827, he 

 was knighted 

 in 1832, was deputy keeper of the 

 public records, 1836-61, did much 

 to promote the study of medieval 

 history, and died at Hampstead, 

 July 6, 1861. He wrote The Rise 

 and Progress of the English Com- 

 monwealth, 1832 ; Truths and Fic- 

 tions of the Middle Ages, 1837 ; 

 and The History of Normandy and 

 England, 4 vols., 1851-64. See 

 Historical Works, collected, R. H. 

 J. Palgrave, 1919-20. 



Palgrave, FRANCIS TURNER 

 (1824-97). British poet and critic. 

 Born in London, Sept. 28, 1824, 

 eldest son of 

 the historian 

 Sir Francis Pal- 

 grave, he was 

 educated at the 

 Charterhouse 

 and Balliol Col- 

 lege, Oxford. 

 He joined the 

 education de- 

 partment, and 

 after his retire- 

 ment was in 

 1886 appointed professor of poetry 

 at Oxford. He died Oct. 25, 1897. 

 He wrote a certain amount of 

 original poetry, but his fame rests 

 chiefly on the work he did as 

 editor of poetical anthologies, above 

 all, The Golden Treasury of English 

 Lyrics, 1861-97 (many editions). 

 See Life, G. F. Palgrave, 1899. 



Palgrave, SIR ROBERT HARRY 

 INGLIS (1827-1919). British econo- 

 mist. Born in London, June 11, 

 1827, he was 

 the third son of 

 Sir Francis Pal- 

 grave and one 

 of four talented 

 brothers. Edu- 

 cated at the 

 Charterhouse, 

 he became a 

 banker and was 



Sir Robert Palgrave, soon a partner 

 British economist 



Elliott & Fry 



beck and Co., of Great Yarmouth, 

 and when it was merged in Bar- 

 clay's Bank became a director of the 

 larger concern. From 1877-83 he 

 was editor of The Economist, and 



F. T. Palgrave, 

 British poet 



Elliott A Fry 



in the bank of 

 Gurney, Birk- 



W. G. Palgrave, 

 British diplomat 



PALIMPSEST 



he was a member of the royal 

 commission on trade depression 

 in 1885. He wrote much on bank- 

 ing and economics, and was the 

 editor of The Dictionary of Political 

 Economy, 1894-1914. In 1909 he 

 was knighted. Palgrave died at 

 Bournemouth, Jan. 25, 1919. 



Palgrave, WILLIAM GIFFORD 

 (1826-88). British diplomat. Born 

 Jan. 24, 1826, the second son of Sir 

 Francis Pal- 

 grave, he was 

 educated at the 

 Charterhouse 

 and Oxford, 

 and joined the 

 East India 

 Company's 

 forces. When 

 in India he be- 

 came a Jesuit 

 priest and later 

 worked as a missionary in Syria. 

 In 1862-63 he made a journey 

 across Central Arabia disguised as 

 a Syrian, and recorded his many 

 adventures in his Narrative of a 

 Year's Journey Through Central 

 and Eastern Arabia, 1865. Upon 

 his return he left the Jesuits and 

 entered the British diplomatic 

 service. In 1865 he was sent on a 

 mission to Abyssinia, was appoint- 

 ed consul at Trebizond, and made 

 explorations in N. Asia Minor. He 

 was appointed minister to Uruguay 

 in 1884 and died at Monte Video, 

 Sept. 30, 1888. 



Pali (canon). One of the oldest 

 popular dialects of India. It is 

 the language of the sacred books 

 of the Buddhists, who themselves 

 call it Magadhi, the language of 

 Magadha, where Buddha preached 

 in it. The Pali characters are 

 akin to those of Sanskrit, from 

 which it is derived. Its extensive 

 literature includes Tipitaka (the 

 three baskets), the Buddhist 

 scriptures ; the commentaries on 

 them ; the Questions of Menander. 

 a religious discussion with a 

 Bactrian king, and two valuable 

 chronicles of Ceylon. 



Palimpsest (Gr. palimpsestos, 

 rubbed again). Ancient manu- 

 script whose writing has been 

 imperfectly effaced and its material 

 re-used. Vellum was washed and 

 rubbed, papyrus was sponged. 

 The Codex Ephraemi in Paris, a 

 5th century Greek Biblical text, 

 was overwritten in the 12th cen- 

 tury with the works of Ephraem 

 Syrus. Examples of double pal- 

 impsests are known. The term 

 is loosely used for monumental 

 brasses and stone slabs, reused on 

 the back without erasure of the 

 front. It is applied also to re- 

 worked flint implements, regarded 

 as archaeological documents. See 

 Manuscript ; Palaeography. 



