PARKER 



PARK 





Matthew Parker, 

 English prelate 



and in 1537 to Henry VIII. In 1544 

 he was appointed master of his 

 college, and was twice elected vice- 

 chancellor o f 

 Cambridge 

 University. He 

 married the 

 daughter o f 

 Robert Harle- 

 stone, an ar- 

 dent reformer, 

 i n 1546, b y 

 reason of which 

 he was hi dan- 

 ger of his life 

 throughout Mary's reign, and had 

 to remain in concealment for 

 several years. Elizabeth on her 

 accession made him archbishop of 

 Canterbury. Parker took a leading 

 part in translating and publish- 

 ing the Bishop's Bible, 1563-68. 

 He made a collection of literary 

 treasures and presented priceless 

 MSS. to Corpus Christi College 

 library. He died May 17. 1575. 



Parker, SIR PETER (1721-1811). 

 British sailor. Born in Ireland, 

 the son of Rear- Admiral Christopher 

 Parker (d. 

 1765), he went 

 to sea young, 

 and after serv- 

 ing in the W. 

 Indies saw 

 action at 

 Toulon, 1744. 

 In 1759, com- 

 manding the 

 Bristol, he as- 

 sisted in the re- 

 duction of Guadaloupe and, in 1761, 

 of Belle-lie. He was given com- 

 mand of a squadron and sent to 

 N. America, 1775. His disastrous 

 failure to force the entrance to 

 Charleston Harbour cast him under 

 a cloud, but in 1777 he was made 

 commander-in-chief of Jamaica. 

 In 1782 he returned to England, 

 and was made a baronet. He 

 died Dec. 21, 1811. 



Parkersburg. City of West 

 Virginia, U.S.A., the co. seat of 

 Wood co. It stands at the con- 

 fluence of the Little Kanawha and 

 Ohio rivers, 95 m. S.W. of Wheeling, 

 and is served by the Baltimore and 

 Ohio and other railways, and by 

 steamers. Industrial establishments 

 include foundries, oil refineries, 

 lumber and flour mills, etc. Par- 

 kersburg was settled in 1773, in- 

 corporated in 1820, and became a 

 city in 1863. Pop. 20,100. 

 . Parkes. Town of New South 

 Wales, in Ashbumham co. It is 

 300 m. by rly. from Sydney, and is 

 a centre of fruit and wheat grow-' 

 ing and gold-mining. Pop. 3,400. 



Parkes, SIR HARRY SMITH (1828- 

 85). British diplomatist. He was 

 the son of a Walsall ironmaster, 

 and was educated at King Ed- 



Sir Peter Parker, 

 British sailor 



Sir Harry Parkes, 

 British diplomatist 



ward's Grammar School, Birming- 

 ham. As a boy of 13 he went out 

 to China and a year later be- 

 came an official 

 interpreter. He 

 was one of the 

 principal agents 

 in negotiating a 

 treaty with 

 Siam in 1855. 



After the 

 capture of Can- 

 ton by the 

 British in 1857, 

 Parkes was one 

 of the three commissioners placed 

 in charge, and though the Chinese 

 set a price on his head he not only 

 kept order in the city, but also ex- 

 plored a large hostile district. 

 After the Peiho disaster, 1859, he 

 secured Kowloon and Chusan as 

 army bases, and took part in the 

 Peking campaign. His party was 

 treacherously arrested under a flag 

 of truce and tortured. Most of them 

 died, but Parkes was eventually 

 released and was present at the 

 capture of Peking. Appointed 

 minister to Japan in 1865, he suc- 

 ceeded in enforcing the ratifica- 

 tion of the 1858 treaty, and re- 

 mained there 18 years. In 1883 

 he was transferred to China, where 

 he died March 22, 1885. 



Parkes, SIR HENRY (1815-96). 

 Australian statesman. Born at 

 Stoneleigh, Warwickshire, England, 

 May 27, 1815, 

 he emigrated to 

 Australia at the 

 age of 24 and 

 settled in 

 Sydney. Enter- 

 ing political 

 journalism, he 

 started The 

 Empire news- 

 paper, 1849, 

 and agitated 

 strongly against the importation of 

 convicts and in favour of colonial 

 self-government. Member of the 

 legislative council in 1 858, he was 

 colonial secretary 1866-68, and in 

 1872 became prime minister on the 

 free imports platform. Defeated 

 in 1875, he returned to office for 



a few months in r _ 



1877, in which ; 

 year he was 

 knighted. H e 

 was prime minis- 

 ter again 1878- 

 83, 1887-91. A 

 consistent advo- 

 cate of free trade, 

 he was also the 

 principal author 

 of Australian 

 federation. H e 

 died April 27, 

 1896. See his 

 autobiography, 



Sir Henry Parkes, 



Australianstatesman 



Fifty Years in the Making of Aus- 

 tralian History, 1892. ' 



Par khurst Prison. British con- 

 vict establishment. Situated about 

 one mile N. of Newport, Isle of 

 Wight, it consists of two separate 

 prisons. One is used as a conva- 

 lescent prison for old and infirm 

 convicts, and the other as an 

 ordinary convict institution. The 

 prison has accommodation for 

 about 750 convicts, many of whom 

 are serving long sentences. In 

 1921 a brass tablet, subscribed for 

 by convicts, in memory of their 

 fellow-prisoners who were liberated 

 to fight and who fell in action in 

 the Great War, was unveiled. 



Parkin, SIR GEORGE ROBERT 

 (1846-1922). British educationist. 

 Born at Salisbury, New Brunswick, 

 Feb. 8, 1846, and educated at St. 

 John and at the 

 University o f 

 New B r u n s- 

 wick, he be- 

 came a school- 

 master, and 

 then spent 

 some time 

 studying at 

 Oxford and 

 travelling 

 through the 

 Empire. H e 

 next became principal of a school 

 at Fredericton, and from 1895 to 

 1902 was headmaster of Upper 

 Canada College, Toronto. Parkin 

 wrote several books, and acted as 

 correspondent for The Times. In 

 1902 he was selected as the first 

 organizing secretary of the Rhodes 

 Trust. He was created K.C.M.G. 

 in 1920. His books include Imperial 

 Federation, 1892; The Great 

 Dominion, 1895 ; and a Life of 

 Sir J. A. Macdonald, 1906. He 

 died June 25, 1922. 



Park Lane. London thorough- ! 

 fare. Notable for its palatial man- i 

 sions, it runs N.W. from Piccadilly ; 

 to the Marble Arch. From its j 

 junction with Hamilton Place, [ 

 where is a handsome fountain by j 

 Thornycroft, 1875, it has Hyde 

 Park on its W. side. On the E. the 

 houses include Londonderry House, 



Sir George Parkin, 

 British educationist 



Park Lane, London, looking north-west from Thorny- 

 croft's fountain 



