PARK LANE MURDER 



S981 



PARLIAMENT 



built LgfiOj I).... I. .-i, -i House, 



Dudba BOOM i and 



Mr. ink II. .11-.-. uli.-ie Sn Krnwit 



ll.'.l 111 I'l.'l. llele, t.Ml, |H 



the Lady lira**. n, and 



here was GIu->t<T House. resi- 

 dence of tin- iluk.- if < i MI bridge. 

 LI in I I'.eiK .MiMield lived iit N 

 from ls:5! Ti'. Croavenor House, 

 called Gloucester HOUM, ITt'd 

 1805, is in Upper 

 Strcrt. In Hamilton Place is the 

 l'..u lii-lor-' Club. Lidy Blessing- 

 ton lived in Seamore Place; Lord 

 Kldou and the 1st duke of Welling- 

 ton in Hamilton Place; Sheridan 

 and Hulw. r l.ytton in Hertford 

 Stn<-t ; Lords Raglan, Palmerston, 

 I '.i -lull, nn. .ind Sir Robert Peel in 

 Great Stanhope Street ; Lord 

 Melbourne, C. J. Fox, and Florence 

 Ni.nht Minnie in South Street; and 

 Sydney Smith in Green Street. 



Park Lane Murder. British 

 cause ctlebre. Marguerite Dix- 

 blanc, a French cook, in a fit of 

 temper murdered her mistress, 

 Madame Kiel, in a house in Park 

 Lane, April 7, 1872. She looked 

 the body in the pantry, where it 

 was discovered next morning by 

 the murdered woman's daughter. 

 The murderess fled to France, and 

 was arrested in Paris some days 

 later. Dixblanc was sentenced to 

 death but afterwards reprieved. 



Parkman, FRANCIS (1823-93). 

 American historian. Bom at 

 Boston, Sept. 16, 1823, Parkman 

 passed most of 

 his youth in 

 roaming about 

 the woods, and 

 had visited 

 Italy before he 

 took his de- 

 gree at Har- 

 vard in 1844. 

 The idea of 



writing the story of America's past 

 gripped him early, and with the 

 object of studying primitive life at 

 first-hand, he spent some time in 

 the wild west, learning much about 

 the Indians. His first book was 

 The Conspiracy of Pontiac, 1851, 

 and then he began his England and 

 France in the New World. This 

 was published in sections, each 

 with a separate title, between 1865 

 and 1892. Parkman visited Europe 

 several times to examine historical 

 MSS. and sources. He died Nov. 8, 

 1893. See. Lives, C. H. Famham, 

 1901 ; H. D. Sedgwick, 1904. 



Park Royal. Disk of the parish 

 of Twyford Abbey, Middlesex, 

 England. It lies between Willesden, 

 N.W., and Baling, S.W., and has 

 stations on the L. A N.W., G.W., 

 and District HI vs. It was laid out 



M a permanent slum ground of tin- 

 Royal A-rii uliui d >.Micty of 

 England, uud the society'! 64th 

 annual iihow wan hold hen; June, 

 23-27, I!MI:{; but after 1906 it was 

 .!.. ided to dispose of the estate, 

 ln< h was later split up int.. I. mid 

 ing sites. Inn:.. tbe Groat War 

 there was a munitions factory, and 

 an A.S.C. camp I 



Parks tone. DM net of Dorset, 

 d. (..lining a suburb of 

 Poole. Lying between that town 

 and Bournemouth, it has a station 

 on the L. & S.W. Rly. Owing to 

 the fine woods around it and 

 other attractions, it is largely 

 visited during the summer. 



Parlakimedi. Town of Madras 

 Presidency, India, in Ganjam dist. 

 Situated in the S. of the dist. and 

 an important road junction, it is 

 connected by a short rly. with the 

 Madras Calcutta main line at 

 Naupada. Pop. 18,400. 



Parlement. Former French 

 court of justice. The name is 

 identical with that of parliament, 

 although now used in a different 

 sense. It was first given, as in Eng- 

 land, to a meeting for discussion, 

 but soon the Parlement of France 

 developed into a court of justice, 

 not a legislative assembly. 



The early French kings heard 

 disputes in person ; in this work 

 they were assisted by their vassals, 

 and about the time of S. Louis this 

 curia regu became definitely a 

 court of law, not unlike the English 

 court of exchequer. It sat per- 

 manently in Paris, and was there- 

 fore called the Parlement of Paris ; 



ivc members became a claM 

 . lar professions I judges, both 



I. r|J .Hid Uymen ; tli.- l.in.'(e,-i^-d 



to preside over iU sessions, giving 

 way to a president. It was the 

 court to which came esses about 

 the royal estates, and appeals from 

 the decisions of the king's baillis 

 and seneschals. This process was 

 completed before 1500, but soon 

 the business of the pariement had 

 increased so much that it was 

 divided into several sections. It 

 was also a court of peers, and, 

 theoretically at least, all the peers 

 of France were members thereof. 



On the model of the Parlement of 

 Paris parlements were established 

 in many of the provinces, and 

 at the Revolution they existed 

 at Rouen, Rennes, Grenoble, 

 Dijon, Bordeaux, Nancy, Besancon, 

 Toulouse, and elsewhere. These 

 were courts of appeal for the 

 various provinces, having each a 

 retinue of lawyers, including a pre- 

 sident, councillors, and permanent 

 officials of lower rank. The offices 

 passed from father to son, or were 

 sold openly to the highest bidder. 

 A pariement could make regu- 

 lations for the government of the 

 province, and before coming into 

 force all laws were registered by 

 them. The parlements were most 

 powerful in the 18th century, when 

 they were the only remaining check 

 on the royal authority. They were 

 abolished at the Revolution. 



Parley, PETER. Pseudonym 

 under which the American writer 

 Samuel Griswold Goodrich (q.v.) 

 published many books for children. 



PARLIAMENT: HISTORY & PROCEDURE 



A. F. Pollard. M.A.. Prof, of History, London University 



In addition to this historical sketch, which concludes with a section 

 on parliamentary procedure, there are articles on Commons, House 

 of; Lords, House of. See Address; Division; King's Speech, etc.; 

 also Government ; Politics ; Representation ; Vote 



Parliament originally meant a 

 parley, and nothing more. The 

 word is found in French early in the 

 12th century, and its use became 

 common in England during the 

 13th, to denote any kind of con- 

 ference. Its official use was re- 

 stricted to specially full meetings 

 of the king's council summoned 

 four times a year, i.e. in every legal 

 term, to consider public affairs and 

 particularly legal cases which were 

 especially difficult or required a 

 novel remedy. To official gather- 

 ings of this kind the word was long 

 restricted in both France and Scot- 

 land, and even in England a " par- 

 liament of the council " was de- 

 scribed as a full parliament in the 

 14th century, even though no 

 specially summoned peers \<. <<. 

 present, and no generally sum- 

 moned representatives of the 



commons. The really original work 

 of Edward I, which was ultimately 

 to distinguish the constitutional 

 system of England from those of 

 France and Scotland, was that, in- 

 stead of keeping these parliaments 

 of the council separate from the 

 representative estates, he joined 

 the latter to the former, and thus 

 formed the Parliament which is at 

 once a " high court " indeed, the 

 highest law court in the land and 

 also a popularly elected legislative 

 and taxing body. 



In both its aspects Parliament 

 developed out of feudal ideas and 

 conditions. Representation, un- 

 known to the classical world, had 

 been familiar in Anglo-Saxon times 

 since the days when the reeve and 

 four " best men of the township 

 began to attend the shire-moot. 

 But the " best " men were the 



