0039 



PENDULUM 



Pendlebury. District of Lan- 

 cashire, England. It is 3J m. N.W. 

 of Manchester, on the L. & Y. Rly. 

 It contains part of Swinton and 



Pencil. Processes in making a lead pencil. 1. Milling, or grinding lead and graphite. 2. Pressing the lead which emerges 

 as a thread in plastic state from the machine to be broken into lengths. 3. Grooving the wood. 4. Lengths o! lead 

 in tire-box tor baking in kiln. 5. Moulding or cutting. 6. Automatically stamping maker's name. 7. Tying in bundles 



Bt conrty of Kotrntf Jt Co .. Ltd. 



pencils with a slate core. A modern Glasgow and Manchester. He be- 

 form of pencil consists of a metallic came interested in submarine tele- 

 holder to which refills can be sup- grapby and was a director of the first 

 plied. See Graphite. Atlantic cable company. In 1805 



Penda (c 577-656). King of he helped to form the Anglo- 



1.1. He became king about 

 626. A heathen and a warrior, in 

 633 he helped to defeat and kill 

 Kdwin, king of Northumbria, while 

 in 042 he killed in battle another 

 Northumbrian king, Oswald. In 

 654 or 655 Penda again invaded 

 Northumbria, but was defeated 

 and slain, Nov. 15, 655. See Mercia. 



Pendant. In architecture, a 

 rigid hanging ornament, often very 

 elaborate, suspended from the 

 summit of a Gothic vault, or from 

 the bottom of a roof post or other 

 constructional member below a 

 ceiling. The term is sometimes used 

 for an ornament hung from the 

 neck. See Gothic Architecture. 



Pendennis. Novel by Thackorav 

 published in 1850 with the full 

 title, The History of Pcndennis, 

 His Fortunes and Misfortunes, His 

 Friends and His Greatest Enemy. 

 The author utilised some of the 

 experiences of his own early life in 

 narrating the story of bis hero, and 

 sketched several of the characters 

 from actual people, the most 

 notable instance l>einjr that of the 

 clever, shiftless Captain Shandon, 

 who was based on \V. Maginn (q.v.). 



Pender, SIR -Luis (1S16-96). 

 i'-iitish engineer Horn Sept. 1(1. 

 1816, and educated at Glasgow, 

 he entered the textile industry in 



G 



e 



Pencil. Successive stages in the making oi a lead pencil. 1. Rough wood. 

 2. Wood when grooved. 3. Grooved wood with lead in position. 4. Block of 

 wood made up o! Z and 3 placed together, enclosing lead in grooves. 5. Ends 

 of block levelled. 6 and 7. Stages in moulding the block into pencils. 8. Pencil 

 painted and polished. 9. Finished bundle 



American company, which, amal- 

 gamated with the Telegraph Con- 

 struction and Maintenance Com- 

 pany, laid the 

 Atlantic cable 

 in 1866. He 

 later devel- 

 oped the east- 

 em cables, and 

 waa interested 

 in the electric 

 I i g h t i n c of 

 London. M.P. 

 for T o t n e s, Sir John Pender. 

 1862-66, and Britilh >fuer 

 Wick RurghH,1872-96,andknighted 

 in 1888, he died July 7, 1896. 



Pendleside Series. In geology, 

 the name given to a series of rocks 

 between the upper division of the 

 Carboniferous limestones and the 

 Millstone grits. The series con- 

 sists chiefly of black limestones and 

 shales. It is so called from its 

 development at Pendle Hill, Lanes. 



Pendulum. Rigid body free to 

 >\vni.' on a horizontal axis under 

 tli<- influence of gravity. Theoreti- 

 cally a Miiuilf |H>ndulum L* the name 

 given to a pendulum which < 

 of a particle of matter suspended 

 from a point by a weightier 

 The time taken for such a simple 

 jK-nduIum to make one complete 



