PINGUICULA 



PINKING 



player served 5 times in turn, and 

 the game was 25 up. The server had 

 to make the ball hit the table on 

 his own side of the net, whence it 

 had to bounce into the opponent's 

 court. Volleying was not allowed 

 either in the return of service or 

 rally otherwise the rally was 

 played just as lawn tennis. A single 

 or double could be contested, or one 

 player against two, but a single was 

 the most usual and the best game. 

 The most effective stroke was a 

 form of back-hand half-volley, and 

 good players used this almost to 

 the exclusion of all other strokes. 



Pinguicula (Lat. pinguis, fat). 

 Genus of perennial insectivorous 

 herbs of the natural order Lenti- 

 bulariaceae. They are natives of 

 the N. temperate regions, the Andes, 

 and the Antarctic zone. Four 

 species are natives of Britain, 

 where they are known as Butter- 

 worts (q.v.). 



Ping-yang.* Town and open 

 port of Korea. The capital of 

 South Heian prov., it stands on the 



Ping-yang. Characteristic street scene in the Korean 

 port 



Ta-tong or Tai-dong, about 35 m. 

 from its embouchure into Korea 

 Bay, and is connected by rly. with 

 Chinnampo, its outport. It carries 

 on an active foreign trade, is the 

 centre of an important silk in- 

 dustry, and provides labour for the 

 working of neighbouring coal 

 mines. The river is navigable to 

 Ping-yang by small craft only ; 

 medium draught vessels ascend 

 only to about 12 m. lower down. 

 The town was the scene of a 

 Chinese victory over the Japanese 

 in 1592, and the defeat of the 

 Chinese by the Japanese in 1894. 

 Pop. 175,500. 



Pinion. 



Commonly, a 



small spur- or 



cog-wheel 



which gears 



, wheel, or a 



views'^ toothed rack. 



pinion. A. Eye, a, When, to give 



Keyway. B. Shroud- additional 



ing to pitch line. C. R t rfiT1t? th , 



Full shrouding, j> p'. I ' n * 



Pitch lines thickness of 



metal or material is provided be- 

 tween the ends of the teeth, so 

 that in side elevation the wheel 

 appears circular, a pinion is said 

 to be shrouded. The word is 

 also used for any small wheel 

 having teeth which gear with 

 others on a larger wheel or piece of 

 mechanism. 



Pink (Dianthus plumarius). 

 Tufted perennial herb of the 

 natural order Caryophyllaceae. It 

 is a native of Mid. and E. Europe, 

 whence it was introduced to Britain 

 in 1629. It has become naturalised 

 on old walls in many places. It has 

 slender, rounded, branching stems, 

 1 ft. high, swollen where the grass- 

 like, glaucous leaves are given off 

 in pairs. The rose-purple fragrant 

 flowers have fringed petals. 



Under cultivation it has given 

 rise to numerous varieties, single 

 and double, pure white, or variously 

 spotted and variegated, which are 

 classed as show or laced pinks, and 

 border pinks. They succeed best 

 in rich loam, to which for the pro- 

 duction of fine 

 flowers d e- 

 composed manure 

 and leaf-mould 

 are added. 

 They are propa- 

 gated by seeds and 

 cuttings (pipings). 

 The latter are 

 taken in summer 

 from the side- 

 shoots, cleanly cut 

 just below a leaf- 

 joint. The lower 

 leaves are removed 

 carefully, and the 

 pipings inserted in 

 sandy soil in the shade. Large 

 clumps may be divided and re- 

 planted in Sept. 



Pink Dominos, THE. Farcical 

 comedy adapted, by James Albery, 

 from Les Dominos Roses of MM. 

 Hennequin and Delacour. It was 

 produced at the Criterion Theatre, 

 London, March 31, 1877, attaining 

 a run of ! 5 > continuous perform- 

 ances. The comedy tells how two 

 wives seek to test the marital 

 fidelity of their husbands, origin- 

 ally played by Charles Wyndham 

 and Herbert Standing, by sending 

 them invitations to a masked ball. 

 Pinkerton, ALLAN (1819-84). 

 American detective. Born in 

 Glasgow, Scotland, Aug. 25, 1819, 

 he emigrated to America in 1842, 

 and immediately opened a de- 

 tective agency in Chicago. In 1861 

 he was appointed to guard Presi- 

 dent Lincoln, and in the same year 

 he inaugurated the Federal Secret 

 Service. He organized a band of 

 men to protect employers against^ 

 strike riots, and took a leading part 

 in suppressing the Molly Maguires 



(q.v.). The agency formed by him 

 was responsible for the solution of 

 many sensational criminal cases, 

 and under his sons, Robert Allan 

 and William Allan, the agency 

 became world-famous. See The 

 Molly Maguires and the Detectives, 

 1877 ; Criminal Reminiscences, 

 1878; Thirty Years a Detective, 

 1884, all by Allan Pinkerton. 



Pinkerton, JOHN (1758-1826). 

 Scottish historian. Born in Edin- 

 burgh, Feb. 17, 1758, he was 

 trained for the law. His interests, 

 however, were literary, and, having 

 settled in Edinburgh, he collected 

 and published some volumes of 

 ballads. From that he turned to 

 antiquarian and historical studies, 

 which culminated in his History of 

 Scotland, 1797. His other works 

 include an Essay on Medals, 

 1784 ; a Scottish Biographical 

 Dictionary, 1799 ; and a Modern 

 Geography. He died March 10, 

 1826, and his Literary Correspond- 

 ence was published in 1830. /' 



Pink Eye. Term for horse in- 

 fluenza, first used in America. The 

 first symptom of the disease is a 

 red and swollen condition of the 

 membranes of the eye. See Horse. 



Pink. Flowers of the sweet-smelling 

 garden plant 



Pinkie, BATTLE OF. Fought 

 Sept. 10, 1547, between the English 

 and the Scots. Somerset, the Eng- 

 lish Protector, wished to unite the 

 two countries by a marriage be- 

 tween Edward VI and Mary, and 

 proposed a treaty to the Scots, 

 which was refused. Somerset 

 crossed the border with some 

 16,000 men and met a Scottish 

 army, about 23,000 strong, drawn 

 up behind the Esk, at Pinkie, near 

 Musselburgh. The Scots crossed 

 the river to seize some hills on the 

 English left and won an early suc- 

 cess. The English foot, however, 

 with whom were some Italian mus- 

 keteers, did deadly work and the 

 Scots were soon routed. Some 6,000 

 of them are said to have been killed. 



Pinking. Cutting of eyelets or 

 scallops in cloth. Fabrics for coffin 

 linings are often pinked, and it was 



