1681, Charles II was able to allay 

 the public frenzy. One of Oates's 

 informers, College, was found 

 guilty of perjury, and in 1685 

 Gates was himself convicted. See 

 Dangerfield ; Gates ; Toleration. 



Poplar (Populus). Genus of trees 

 of the natural order Salicaceae. 

 They are natives of Europe, Asia, 

 and N. America. They have alter- 

 nate leaves, and the small flowers 

 (without sepals or petals) are 

 crowded in hanging catkins, which 

 usually appear before the leaves. 

 The sexes are on different trees. 

 The females are succeeded by dry 

 fruits containing numerous seeds, 

 each of which has a tuft of cottony 

 hairs at its base. The trees are of 

 rapid growth, and require much 

 light. The timber is not valuable. 

 Familiar examples are white poplar 

 (P. alba), black poplar (P. nigra), 

 Lombardy poplar (P. italica), and 

 the Aspen (P. tremula). See 

 Lombardy Poplar. 



Poplar. Met. bor. of the co. of 

 London. It lies N. of the Thames, 

 opposite Greenwich, combines the 

 parishes of 

 Poplar, Bow, and 

 Bromley, and 

 contains the East 

 and West India 

 docks, Millwall 

 docks, and the 

 Isle of Dogs. It 

 is served by 

 electric trams, 

 motor-'buses, and trains from 

 Broad Street and Fenchurch 

 Street. The church of S. Matthias, 

 1776, much restored, was once the 

 chapel of the East India Co. ; that 

 of All Saints dates from 1823. Near 

 to the Danish church is the Scan- 

 dinavian Sailors' Home. There 

 are a workhouse, public library, 

 L.C.C. School of Engineering, 1906, 

 town hall, 1871 ; and here for a 

 time was a branch of Toynbee 

 Hall. In Poplar Hospital, 1855, 

 some 60,000 patients are treated 

 annually. In addition to 72 acres 

 of Victoria Park, the bor. has 

 several small open spaces, includ- 

 ing Island Gardens, 3 acres, with 

 a river front of 700 ft., opened 

 in 1895 largely through the instru- 

 mentality of Will Crooks, M.P. 

 In Island Gardens is the entrance 

 to the footway tunnel to Green- 

 wich, opened 1902. An institute 

 was erected as a memorial to men 

 who fell in the Great War. 



With an area of 2,328 acres and 

 a pop. (1921) of 163,000, the bor. 

 is a centre of much casual labour. 

 For refusing to levy rates to meet 

 the precepts of the L.C.C. and 

 M.A.B., certain members of the bor. 

 council were imprisoned, Sept.- 

 Oct. 12, 1921. In 1920-21 Poplar 

 rates were 22s. lOd. in the , 



Poplar. Seal of 

 borough council 



and the council's action was pro- 

 fessedly dictated by dissatisfaction 

 with the Government's treatment 

 of the unemployed question and 

 by a desire to expedite an equali- 

 sation of rates. Poplar, until 1817, 

 was a hamlet of Stepney. 

 Sebastian Cabot and Sir Walter 

 Raleigh are said to have lived at 



Popocatepetl. Summit of the great Mexican volcano, 

 seen from the top of Ixtaccihuatl 



Blackwall, and George Steevens, 

 the Shakespearean commentator, 

 was a native of the bor., which, as 

 part of the Tower Hamlets div., 

 sends two members to Parliament. 

 Poplin. Ribbed fabric woven 

 with a silk warp and worsted weft, 

 used for dress material and up- 

 holstery. Originally made in 



France, it was introduced into 

 England and Ireland by French 

 Protestant refugees in the 17th 

 century. Ireland has long been 

 noted for its poplins. Poplins 

 are made also in wool and in cotton. 

 Popocatepetl (Aztec, smoking 

 mountain). Conical volcano of 

 Mexico. Situated about 40 m. S.E. 

 of Mexico city, it 

 is an active vol- 

 cano reaching 

 17,785ft. alt. The 

 last eruption was 

 in 1802. The cra- 

 ter, measu ring 

 2,700 ft. across, 

 produces a large 

 quantity of pure 

 sulphur. The 

 peak was first 

 scaled by Diego 

 Ordez in 1522. See 

 Mexico. 



Poppaea Sa- 

 bina. Mistress 

 and eventually 

 the wife of the 

 Roman emperor Nero. She was a 

 woman of infamous character, ac- 

 cording to Tacitus possessing 

 " everything save honour." Nero 

 divorced Octavia to marry her. 



Poppy (Papaver). Genus of 

 about 40 erect, annual or peren- 

 nial herbs, of the natural order 

 Papaveraceae, natives of Europe, 



Poppy. 1. Scarlet field poppy. 2. Variety of Oriental poppy. 3. DouHe 

 ranunculus-flowered Shirley poppy. 4. Varieties of Shirley poppy | 



