POPULIST 



6259 



PORCH 



The pre-war Greece had some 

 2,600,000 people ; by the treaty of 

 Sevres, 1920, about, 5,500,000. 



The figure given for Russia, 

 105,000,000, is "based on a Soviet 

 census, but partly estimated. 

 Poland is estimated to have 

 27,000,000 people. Turkey in 

 Europe, reduced to under 2,000,000 

 in 1920, advanced in 1923 



ASIA. The Asian populations 

 form nearly one-half of all the 

 world's people, including : 



Country 



Indian Empire 



China 



Japan 



Japanese Pos. 



Java 



Russia 



Ceylon 



Other Countries 



Total Asia 



Popu- 

 lation 



319-1 



330-0 



56-0 



20-7 



50-0 



30-0 



4-5 



87-3 



897-6 



Date: 

 Census or 

 Estimate 



Cen. 1921 



Est. 1921 



Cen. 1921 



Cen. 1921 



Est. 1921 



Est. 1921 



Est. 1921 



Est. 1921 



For China, estimates as large as 

 425,000,000 have been made and 

 published, but the figure given, 

 330,000,000, is probably nearer the 

 truth. India and China are almost 

 at parity in population, and 

 between them form in all likelihood 

 rather more than one- third of the 

 world's population. 



The growth of Japan is very 

 notable, for at the count of 1908 

 the estimate was 49,600,000. In 

 1921 Japan proper had 56,000,000 

 people, and the Japanese Empire 

 numbered 76,700,000. 



The " other countries " not 

 named in the above table include : 

 The Philippines 8,300,000 (1910) ; 

 Siam 9,000,000 (est, 1921) ; Persia 

 9,500,000 (est. 1920) ; French 

 Indo-China 14,600,000 (Census 

 1911) ; Irak (Mesopotamia) 

 1,400,000 (est. 1921) ; Afghanistan 

 5,000,000 (est. 1921). 



AFRICA. Africa has perhaps 

 150,000,000 people, including 

 Egypt 13,000,000 (est. 1921) ; The 

 Union of South Africa 5,700,000 

 (est. 1921) ; British West Africa, 

 including Nigeria, over 20,000,000 

 (Census 1911) ; The Belgian Congo 

 15,000,000 (Census 1909) ; Algeria 

 5,600,000 (Census 1911); Mada- 

 gascar 3,200,000 (Census 1911) ; 

 Tanganyika 7,500,000 (Census 

 1912) ; Abyssinia 10,000,000 (est. 

 1921); Libya 1,000,000 (Census 

 1910) ; Morocco 5,000,000 (est. 

 1921); Tunis 1,900,000 (est. 1911), 

 Uganda, 3,300,000 (est. 1919); 

 Kenya Colony, 2,800,000 (est. 

 1920) ; Anglo- Egyptian Sudan, 

 3,400,000 (est. 1917); French 

 Equatorial Africa, 9,000,000 (est. 

 1915) ; French West Africa, 

 11,500,000 (est. 1920); Angola, 

 4,000,000 (est. 1920); Mozam- 

 bique, 3,000,000 (est. 1920). 



AMERICA. The population of the 

 American continent is growing 

 very rapidly. In addition to the 

 great natural increase of the resi- 

 dent population, there is much im- 

 migration from the Old World, 

 especially from Central and E. 

 Europe. The chief constituents are : 



Country 



a. North America: 

 United States 

 Canada and 

 Newf'ndland 

 Mexico 

 Alaska . . 



b. South and Cen- 

 tral America : 

 Argentina 

 Brazil . . 

 Chile . . 

 Peru 

 Bolivia 

 Cuba . . 

 British West 



Indies 

 Colombia 

 Other States 



Total all 

 America 



Popu- 

 lation 



105-7 



9-0 



18-0 



0-1 



132-8 



9-0 

 30-6 

 4-2 

 5-0 

 3-0 

 2-3 



1-7 



5-5 



22-6 



83-9 



216-7 



Date : 

 Census or 

 Estimate 



Cen. 1920 



Est. 1921 

 Est. 1921 

 Cen. 1910 



Est. 1921 



Cen. 1920 



Est. 1921 



Est. 1921 



Est. 1921 



Cen. 1911 



Cen. 1911 

 Cen. 1912 

 Est. 1921 



AUSTRALASIA AND OCEANIA. The 

 populations of Australia and New 

 Zealand have been given. The 

 remainder of Australasia, including 

 New Caledonia (French) and the 

 scattered territories we call Oceania, 

 are estimated to have a population 

 of about 600,000 persons. This 

 division of the world has, therefore, 

 a population of about 7,400,000. 



THE WORLD'S PEOPLE. The 

 population of the world (1924) is 

 approximately as follows : 



Continent 



Europe 



Asia 



Africa 



America 



Australasia and Oceania 



The World 



Population 



497,700,000 

 897,600,000 

 150,000,000 

 216,700,000 

 7,400,000 



1,769,400,000 



The margin of error in this 

 estimate is actually large, but rela- 

 tively not very great. It conveys 

 an accurate conception of the 

 magnitude of the world's popula- 

 tion. According to this computa- 

 tion the world as a whole contains 

 about 38 times as many people as 

 live in the United Kingdom. 



Bibliography. Census Returns : 

 Elements of Vital Statistics, A. 

 Newsholme, 3rd ed. 1899; The 

 Growth of Nations, W. Rose Smith, 

 1909; Birth-rate and Empire, T. 

 Marchant, 1917; Vital Statistics, 

 An Introduction to the Science of 

 Demography, G. C. Whipple, 1919; 

 The Census and Some of its Uses, 

 G. T. B. Smith, 1921. 



Populist. < Political party in 

 the U.S.A., first formed in 1891. 

 The leading points in its pro- 

 gramme were : free coinage of 

 silver, national ownership of rail- 

 ways, and a graduated income- 

 tax. In 1896, and again in 1900, it 

 nominated for the presidency Wil- 

 liam J. Bryan, who was already the 

 nominee of the Democratic party ; 

 but on neither occasion was he 

 elected. After 1900 the party, 

 chiefly drawn from the agricultural 

 and industrial classes, gradually 

 ceased to be an active political force. 



Porbandar. Native state and 

 town of India, in Kathiawar. 

 Bombay prov. The state lies 

 along the Arabian Sea in the S.W. 

 peninsula of Kathiawar. The 

 town has a harbour and a terminus 

 of the rly. S.W. from Mehsana, 

 Baroda. Only small vessels can 

 use the port on account of the 

 bar. Its area is 636 sq. m. Pop., 

 state, 91,000 ; town, 24,800. 



Porcelain. Fine pottery dis- 

 tinguished from earthenware by 

 being a vitreous translucent sub- 

 stance coated with a hard -trans- 

 parent glaze. It was discovered 

 by the Chinese, wherefore it is 

 often called china, and attained 

 great perfection during the Ming 

 dynasty, 1368-1644. The Ja- 

 panese also have made porcelain 

 for many centuries. It was not 

 introduced to Europe until the 

 late 17th and 18th centuries, 

 France preceding Germany, and 

 England following quickly. In 

 each country it has been a new 

 invention dependent upon the dis- 

 covery of the correct material at 

 hand, the product thus varying 

 considerably. Laboratory porce- 

 lain made in Germany before the 

 Great War was a considerable 

 industry, but in 1916 it was estab- 

 lished in England. See Pottery. 



Porch (Lat. porticus). In build- 

 ing, an enclosed place of entrance 

 and exit projecting from the main 

 mass, sometimes as the lower part 

 of a pavilion the whole height of 

 the structure. The church porch 

 originated in the narthex (q.v.). 

 The Gothic porch of parish churches 

 was frequently constructed of tim- 

 ber. In civil and domestic archi- 

 tecture, the term includes thegabled 

 cottage porch, and the verandah 

 screening the entrance to a house 

 in the " colonial " style. See 

 Basilica ; House ; illus. next page. 



Porch, THE. Name given to the 

 Stoics and their philosophy. The 

 school was founded about 310 B.C. 

 by-Zeno of Citium, in Cyprus, who 

 lectured in the market place at 

 Athens in the Stoa Poekile, the 

 painted porch (or, rather, colon- 

 nade), adorned with paintings by 

 Polygnotus. See Stoicism. 



