PORTLAND 



6271 



PORT LOUIS 



were all loyal to the Stuarts, and 

 the title became extinct when, in 

 1688, the 4th earl died abroad. 



The earldom was revived in 1689 

 by William III for his Dutch 

 favourite, William Bentinck, and 

 his son Henry 

 was made 

 duke of Port- 

 land in 1716. 

 The 3rd duke 



6th Duke of Portland, 

 British nobleman 



was prime 

 minister of 

 England, and 

 the 5th was the 

 eccentric re- 

 cluse who was 

 wrongly as- 

 itusseii sorted to have 



lived a double life, masquerading 

 also as T. C. Druce, a tradesman 

 in Baker Street, London. On his 

 death, in 1879, his nephew became 

 the 6th duke. The duke's eldest 

 son is called the marquess of Titch- 

 field. The chief residence of the 

 family is Welbeck Abbey, in Not- 

 tinghamshire, where the ducal 

 estates mainly are. The valuable 

 London property around Welbeck 

 Street, Portland Place, Baker 

 Street and neighbourhood owned 

 by the 5th duke was left by him to 

 his sisters, one of whom was Lady 

 Howard de Walden. The Portland 

 Town estate, London, was sold by 

 Lord Howard de- Walden for 

 500,000 in 1920. 



Portland, HANS WILLIAM BEN- 

 TINCK, EARL OF (1649-1709). Eng- 

 lish politician. He was born of a 

 noble Dutch 

 family, July 20, 

 1649, and came 

 to England first 

 as a confi- 

 dant to Wil- 

 liam, prince of 

 Orange. On his 

 master's acces- 

 sion to the 

 Earl of Portland, crown, Ben- 

 English politician t i n c k was 



After Simon At Boi, create d earl of 



Portland, and sworn of the privy 

 council, April 9, 1689. Henceforth 

 he was William's confidential 

 adviser, and conducted several 



diplomatic missions with skill. In 

 command of a regiment of Dutch 

 horse, he rendered distinguished 

 service at the battle of the Boyne, 

 July 1, 1690, and received the 

 order of the Garter seven years 

 later for work on the treaty of 

 Ryswick. He was married thrice 

 and had a numerous family. His 

 death took place Nov. 23, 1709. 



Portland, WILLIAM HENRY CAV- 

 ENDISH-BENTINCK, SRD DUKE OF 

 (1738-1809). British statesman. 

 The eldest son of William, second 

 duke of Portland, he was born 

 April 14, 1738. He entered parlia- 

 ment in 1761, succeeded to the 

 dukedom the 

 next year, and 

 in 1765 became 

 a member of 

 Lord Rocking- 

 ham's cabinet. 

 In 1766 he 

 married the 

 daughter o f 

 the duke of 

 Devonshire, 

 whose sur- 

 name of 

 he assumed by royal 



3rd Duke of Portland, 

 British statesman 



After Stothard 



Cavendish 



Portland Bill, Dorsetshire. The rocky cliffs on the west 

 side of the cape 



Frith 



licence in 1801. During the minis- 

 try of Lord North. Portland was in 

 opposition, but held office again, 

 April, 1782, when he was ap- 

 pointed lord lieutenant of Ireland. 

 In April, 1783, he became prime 

 minister in a coalition government, 

 resigning in the following Decem- 

 ber. He was made home secretary 

 17941801, and again became 

 premier in 1807, resigning office in 

 Oct., 1809. He died Oct."30, 1809. 

 Portland Beds. In geology, 

 name given to a sub-division of the 

 Upper Jurassic system of rocks. 

 The strata of the Portland Beds 

 lie above the Kimmeridge Clay 

 and below the Purbeck Beds, and 

 are typical in the S. of England, 

 particularly at Portland, Dorset. 

 Portland Beds consist chiefly of 

 limestones, contain many fossil 

 shells, and are extensively used for 

 building stones. See Kimmeridgian. 

 ' Portland Bill. Cape of the 

 English Cha inel. It forms the bold 

 and rocky extremity of the Isle of 

 : Portland, Dorset. 

 Between it and the 

 Shambles Sand- 

 bank is a dan- 

 gerous stretch of 

 water, the race of 

 Portland. Near by 

 is a lighthouse, 

 with a light visible 

 for 18 m. 



Portland 

 Cement. An in- 

 timate mixture of 

 calcareous (lime- 

 stone, marl, chalk, 

 alkali waste) and 



argillaceous (clayey limestone, 

 clay, shale, slag) materials, burnt 

 at a clinkering temperature, the 

 resultant clinker being ground to 

 a fine powder (cement) and packed 

 in barrels or in bags. A British 

 Standard Specification for Port- 

 land cement was published in 

 1904 and revised in 1907, 1910, and 

 1915. See Building ; Cement ; 

 Concrete ; consult also The Port- 

 land Cement Industry, W. A. 

 Brown, 1916. 



Portland Channel OR CANAL. 

 Fiord on the Pacific Coast of N. 

 America. It stretches almost due 

 N. for 100 m., and separates the 

 S. end of the Alaskan mainland 

 from British Columbia. 



Portland Club. London social 

 club. Named after the duke of 

 Portland, it was founded in 1816. 

 The house is at 9, S. James's 

 Square. The Portland is generally 

 recognized as the chief English 

 card-playing club. 



Portland Vase. Fine example 

 of cameo-glass of the early Roman 

 empire. An amphora, 9f ins 1 , high, 



Portland Vase. The Roman cameo- 

 glass vase now in the British Museum 



its blue glass body has an opaque 

 white overlay cut in relief, illus- 

 trating the Peleus and Thetis 

 story. Formerly in the Barberini 

 palace, Rome, it passed into the 

 Portland family, who deposited it 

 in 1810 in the British Museum. 

 Shattered by a madman in 1845, it 

 was skilfully restored. Josiah 

 Wedgwood made 50 earthenware 

 reproductions. 



Port Louis OR ISLE OF FRANCE. 

 Seaport of Mauritius, capital of the 

 island. It stands on the N.W. 

 coast, and both town and harbour 

 are strongly fortified, the latter 

 being difficult to enter. There are 

 Anglican and R.C. cathedrals, bot- 

 anical gardens, and two observa- 

 tories, astronomical and meteoro- 



