PORTSMOUTH 



6278 



PORT TOWNSUND 



mining and agricultural district. 

 Manufactures include boots and 

 shoes, machine-shop products, 

 furniture, building materials, etc. 

 Portsmouth was settled in 1803, 

 incorporated in 1814, and 

 a city in 1851. Pop. 33,000. 



Portsmouth. City of Virginia, 

 U.S.A., the co. seat of Norfolk co. 

 It stands on Elizabeth river, op- 

 posite Norfolk, and is served by 

 the Chesapeake and Ohio and other 

 rlys. , and two canals. The buildings 

 include Trinity Church, dating from 

 1762, the city hall, and a naval hos- 

 pital. Here is one of the largest 

 yards of the U.S. navy. It covers 

 450 acres and has facilities for build- 

 ing warships and training men. The 

 industrial establishments include 

 cotton mills and smelting works, 

 while the town is a centre of the 

 oyster fishery. Portsmouth dates 

 from 1752, when the British govern- 

 ment set up a navy yard. This 

 became the property of the U.S.A. 

 government, and was used by the 

 Confederates during the Civil War. 

 Portsmouth waa made a town in 

 1852 and a city in 1858. Pop. 

 40,700. 



Portsmouth, EARL OF. British 

 title borne since 1743 by the 

 family of Wallop, long settled at 

 Wallop in Hampshire. John Wal- 

 lop, a lord of the treasury, 1717-20, 

 was made Baron Wallop in 1720, 

 and an earl in 1743. The earldom 

 has since been held by his de- 

 scendants. Newton Wallop, the 

 6th earl (1856-1917), held a minor 

 post in the Liberal administration, 

 1905-8. In 1917 his brother, John 

 Fellowes Wallop, became the 7th 

 earl. The earl's eldest son is known 

 as Viscount Lymington. 



Portsmouth, LOUISE DE 

 KEROUALLE, DUCHESS OF (1649- 

 1734). Mistress of Charles II of 

 Great Britain. She belonged to an 

 old Breton family, and as maid of 

 honour attended Henrietta, duchess 

 of Orleans, when she visited her 

 brother Charles at Dover in 1670. 

 She was later sent as a secret 

 French emissary to London, and 

 before 1672 was recognized as the 

 king's mistress. In July of that 

 year she bore him a son who was 

 created duke of Richmond, and in 

 the following year she was created 

 duchess of Portsmouth. Her in- 

 satiable avarice made her extreme- 

 ly unpopular in England, and 

 after Charles's death she returned 

 to France, dying in Paris, Nov. 14, 

 1734. See Louise de K6roualle, 

 Duchess of Portsmouth, H. For- 

 neron, Eng. trans. 1887 ; From 

 Brittanv to Whitehall, Mrs. Colqu- 

 houn Grant, 1909. 



Portsmouth, TREATY OF. Peace 

 that in 1905 ended the war be- 

 tween Russia and Japan. After 



the defeat of Russia at Mukden, 

 the president of the U.S.A. in 

 June, 1905, suggested that peace 

 negotiations should be begun. 

 Both accepted the invitation, and 

 on Aug. 10, Karaura and Takahira 

 met de Witte and Rosen at Porte- 

 mouth, New Hampshire. The 

 treaty signed on Sept. 5 recog- 

 nized Japan's dominant position in 

 Korea, while Russia ceded the 

 southern half of Sakhalin and the 

 leased territory of Liaotung. Both 

 parties agreed to evacuate Man- 

 churia, which, except the leased 

 territory, was restored to China. 

 There were a number of other pro- 

 visions of minor importance. S&>- 

 Russo-Japanese War. 



Port Stanley. Seaport and capi- 

 tal of the Falkland Islands (q. v. ) It 

 stands on Port William Inlet, on the 

 N.E. coast of East Falkland. Whale 

 products, wool, hides, and seal fur 

 are the chief exports. Pop. 950. 



Port Sudan. Seaport of Sudan, 

 on the Red Sea. It is the terminus 

 of a rly. from Atbara Junction. 

 The port is the centre, of a con- 



Louise de Keroualle, Duchess of 

 Portsmouth 



After Sir Peter Lely 



siderable traffic with the Sudan in 

 gum, cotton, sesame, senna, and 

 ivory. The harbour is well 

 equipped for handling coal. 



PortSunlight. Industrial model 

 village of Cheshire, England. It 

 lies 3 m. S. by E. of Birkenhead 



on the L. & N.W.R., and is reached 

 from the river Mersey by a tribu- 

 tary, Bromborough Pool. The es- 

 tate, laid out in 1888 by Messrs. 

 Lever Bros., Ltd., covers an area of 

 235 acres, and the attractive cot- 

 tages, well spread out, are let to 

 workers in the great soap manu- 

 factory at favourable rents. There 

 are large recreation grounds, social 

 clubs, welfare institutions, and the 

 Gladstone Hall, opened 1891, and 

 Hulme Hall, 1901, are among the 

 chief public buildings of the vil- 

 lage. The works are well served by 

 rly. and by riverside wharves. 



Port Swettenham. Seaport on 

 the Strait of Malacca in Selangor. 

 It dates from 1901, when the rubber 

 of the Federated Malay States 

 required a port for export ; much 

 earth was dumped on a tidal flat, 

 mangrove covered, at the mouth of 

 the Klang and Langat rivers, a 

 passenger jetty and three wharves 

 were built, the rly. was extended 

 from Klang, and the port was 

 made. 



Port Talbot. Seaport of Gla- 

 morganshire, Wales. It stands on 

 Swansea Bay, llm. from Swansea, 

 with stations on the G.W., Port 

 Talbot, andRhonddaand Swansea 

 Bay Rlys. It has two large docks. 

 Copper smelting is another in- 

 dustry. Port Talbot was founded 

 in the 19th century, on land owned 

 by the Talbot family. In 1921 it 

 was created a borough. It ab- 

 sorbed the existing borough of 

 Aberavon and also included the 

 urban dist. of Margam and some 

 rural areas. 



Port Townsend. City of 

 Washington, U.S.A., the co. seat 

 of Jefferson co. It stands on Puget 

 Sound, 40 m. ISf.N.W. of Seattle, 

 and is served by the Northern 

 Pacific Rly. and by steamers. Its 

 harbour is one of the finest and 

 most commodious hi the world. 

 Port Townsend has an important 

 export trade, chiefly in lumber, 

 grain, dairy produce, livestock, 

 and oil, and among its industrial 

 establishments are foundries and 

 machine shops, saw mills, boiler 

 works, and fish canneries. Port 

 Townsend was settled in 1851, in- 

 corporated in 1860. and became a 

 city in 1890. Pop. 2,800. 



Fort Sunlight, Cheshire. The Diamond, an open space in the centie of the 

 village, looking toward the bandstand 



