PRESTON 



6323 



PRESTON NORTH END 



of Charlemagne, Prester John is 

 referred to in Shakespeare's Much 

 Ado About Nothing, figures in 

 Ariosto's Orlando Furioso as a 

 blind king of Ethiopia, and gives 

 his name to an African romance 

 by John Buchan, 1910. 



Bibliography. Hist. Tartaror. 

 Ecclesiastica, J. L. v. Mosheim, 1741; 

 Cathay and the Way Thither, Sir H. 

 Yule, 1866 ; Der Presbyter Johannes 

 in Sage und Geschichte, G. Oppert, 

 2nd. ed. 1870; Der Priester Johan- 

 nes, F. Zarncke, 1876-79 ; La le- 

 gende du pretre Jean, G. Brunet, 

 1877 ; Curious Myths of the Middle 

 Ages, S. Baring-Gould, 1884 ; Book 

 of Sor Marco Polo, Sir H. Yule, 

 3rd ed. 1903. 



Preston. County and mun. 

 borough and seaport of Lanca- 

 shire, England. It stands near the 

 head of the Ribble estuary, 209 m. 

 from London and 31 m. from Man- 

 chester, with stations on the L. & Y. 



so called because of the number of 

 its religious houses. The first 

 charter was granted in 1179, and 

 others followed, granting the citi- 

 zens fairs, markets, and other 

 privileges. It became prosperous 

 owing to the decline of Ribchester. 

 A Roman Catholic stronghold since 

 the Reformation, in 1715 the 

 Jacobites took possession of Pres- 

 ton. It was thereupon attacked by 

 the king's troops, the result being 

 that Forster and 1,400 men sur- 

 rendered. Preston was the birth- 

 place of Arkwright, who, in 1769, 

 erected his spinning jenny here. 

 An ancient festival known as the 

 Preston guild is held here every 20 

 years, the first on record having 

 taken place in 1328. Preston is 

 governed by a mayor and corpora- 

 tion, which, in 1921, took over 

 from a private firm the electric 

 lighting undertaking. It owns also 

 . the docks and har- 

 bour. Preston 

 sends two mem- 

 bers to Parliament. 

 Market day, Sat. 

 Pop. (1921) 

 117,426. 



Preston, BAT- 

 TLE OF. Fought 

 between the Scots 



Preston arms 



and L. & N.W. Rlys. A canal con- 

 nects it with Lancaster. The build- 

 ings include the modern town hall, 

 post office, sessions house, the Har- 

 ris institute, the Harris free library 

 and museum, the technical school, 

 and the corn ex- 

 change. There is a 

 grammar school, 

 founded in 1550, 

 and the town has 

 several parks, 

 Avenham Park. 

 Moor Park, and 

 Deepdale among 

 them. The 

 churches, which include several be- 

 longing to the Roman Catholics, 

 are all modern. The chief are S. 

 John's and the Roman Catholic S. 

 Walpurgis. Preston is one of the 

 chief centres of the cotton in- 

 dustry; it has also engineering 

 and machinery works, iron and 

 brass foundries, and shipbuilding 

 yards. There is a harbour which 

 has docks covering 40 acres, and, 

 owing to the deepening of the 

 channel after 1884, vessels of 3,000 

 tons can reach the port. Horse and 

 cattle fairs are held. Fishwick is 

 a suburb. 



The name Preston is a corrup- 

 tion of priests' town, it having been 



brought to action were pursued by 

 Cromwell, and atWinwick another 

 2,000 were taken prisoners. Many 

 of the others surrendered at War- 

 rington, while their leader, the duke 

 of Hamilton, and the cavalry gave 

 themselves up to the parliament- 

 arians at Uttoxeter. 



There was some fighting at 

 Preston during the Jacobite in- 

 vasion of England in 1715, and 

 some 1,500 Jacobite prisoners were 

 taken, including their leaders, 

 Thomas Forster and the earl of 

 Derwentwater. See Civil War; 

 Jacobites. 



Preston North End. English 

 professional Association football 

 club. One of the first clubs to 

 adopt professionalism, Preston 

 North End was also one of the 

 original twelve clubs to form the 

 Football League, founded in 1888, 

 the championship of which they 

 won in the season of its inception 

 and the following season, 1889- 

 90. In 1901 they were relegated 

 to the second division of the 

 league, which they headed in 1903- 

 4, thereby securing readmission 

 to the premier division. They 

 retired again at the end of season 

 1911-12 to the second division, 

 which they headed the following 

 season. After another year in the 

 first division they once more lost 

 their place hi 1913-14, only to 

 return again by finishing second 

 on the table in the minor com- 

 petition in 1914-15. 



Preston won the Football Associ- 

 ation cup in 1889, when they 

 defeated the Wolverhampton Wan- 

 derers at Kennington Oval by 

 three goals to nil. In that season 

 they set up the record perform- 

 ance of winning the Football 

 League without losing a match, and 

 the F.A. cup without conceding a 

 goal, thus sharing with Aston Villa 

 the honour of securing both tro- 

 phies in one year. Their ground is 

 at Deepdale Road, Preston, and 

 their colours are white shirts and 

 dark blue knickers. 



in the interests 

 of Charles I and 

 the parliament- 

 arians under 

 Cromwell, Aug. 17, 

 1648. Cromwell's 

 army numbered 

 about 9,000; the 

 royalists had 

 24,000, not all 

 engaged at once. 

 Some 4,000 royal - 

 ists surrendered 

 at Preston, and at 

 least an equal 

 number after- 

 wards. Those who 

 had not been 



Preston, Lancashire. 1. The Art Gallery, showing the 



Sessions House on the left. C. Town Hall, built in 1867 



from designs by Sir Gilbert Scott. 3. Fishergate, one 



of the busiest streets 



